Daily Writing

Wednesday, 29 July 2026

Again he sent other servants, more than the first, and they did likewise to them. Matthew 21:36

Note: You can listen to today’s commentary courtesy of our friends at the “Bible in Ten” podcast. (Click Here to listen)

You can also read this commentary, scrolling with music, courtesy of our friends at “Discern the Bible” on Rumble. (Click Here to listen), or at YouTube (Click Here to listen).

“Again, he sent other servants, ‘greater, the first’, and they did to them as thus.” (CG)

In the previous verse, Jesus referred to the treatment of the servants sent to the vinedressers. They were scourged, killed, and stoned. Jesus continues the thought, “Again, he sent other servants, ‘greater, the first’.”

Two words should be considered. The first is allos, other. It refers to another of the same kind. These servants are in the same category as those who were previously sent. If they were in a different category, the Greek word heteros would have been used.

The second word is pleión. It signifies a comparative, such as greater in number, greater in quality, more abundant, etc. It is used in the greater-than-quality sense in Matthew, such as righteousness greater than the scribes and Pharisees is needed to enter the kingdom of the heavens (Matthew 5:20). It is used this way when making a comparison to Jonah (Matthew 12:41) and Solomon (Matthew 12:42). Jesus is greater than them.

What seems likely is that if Jesus is making a comparison, it would be to the pre-exilic and post-exilic prophets. The post-exilic prophets would be “greater” than the pre-exilic prophets because they had greater revelation, for example, in having the word of the previous prophets fulfilled.

As such, they stood in a greater position of knowing the reliability of the word of God, both in judgment and in mercy. There is no reason to assume there were only “more” servants sent either to the vinedressers in the parable or to the prophets after the exile. A good example of this is found in Numbers 22:15 –

“And he added yet, Balak, sending commanders greater and being enweighed from these.” (CG).

This “greater than” is certainly seen in the final prophet of the Old Testament –

“Assuredly, I say to you, among those born of women there has not risen one greater than John the Baptist; but he who is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he.” Matthew 11:11

In that verse, a different word, megas, signifying greater, is used, providing extra weight to this idea. Israel had been exiled. They should have known better, and yet, even after the exile, the maltreatment continued, as Jesus indicates, “and they did to them as thus.” This is explicitly recorded in Matthew 17:11-13 –

“Jesus answered and said to them, ‘Indeed, Elijah is coming first and will restore all things. ¹² But I say to you that Elijah has come already, and they did not know him but did to him whatever they wished. Likewise the Son of Man is also about to suffer at their hands.’ ¹³ Then the disciples understood that He spoke to them of John the Baptist.”

This, therefore, is the likely meaning of Jesus’ words here. The Bible does not explicitly focus on the maltreatment of the post-exilic prophets outside of John, but Jesus’ words are certainly inclusive of him.

Life application: The Old Testament records maltreatment of the prophets at various times. In Jeremiah 26, the prophet Urijah escaped from King Jehoiakim but was captured, brought back, and put to the sword. The priests of the Lord, including Ahimelech, who inquired of the Lord for David, were put to the sword by Saul through the hand of Doeg.

The Spirit of God came upon Zechariah in 2 Chronicles 24, prophesying to the people who rejected His word. King Joash had Zechariah stoned to death. In 1 Kings 19, Elijah exclaimed to the Lord that the children of Israel had “killed Your prophets with the sword.”

These and other such examples show that the words of Jesus are fulfilled just as the parable proclaims. Despite this overwhelming evidence recorded in Scripture, the Expositor’s Greek Testament unfathomably says –

“The husbandmen treat the messengers in the most barbarous and truculent manner: beating, killing, stoning to death; highly improbable in the natural sphere, but another instance in which parables have to violate natural probability in order to describe truly men’s conduct in the spiritual sphere.”

How can it be “highly improbable in the natural sphere” if the Bible explicitly records it is so, including in Jesus’ words of the previous verse? These, along with verse 37, are explicit references to the ill treatment of the Lord’s people.

Understanding this, be careful not to just accept “scholarly” comments as if they are correct and reliable. Jesus’ parables do not “violate natural probability.” Rather, they are given to reveal exactly what has been going on, or what will occur. They are a unique and marvelous way of conveying information that is reliable and targeted.

Lord God, may we never dismiss what is recorded in Your word as unreliable, questionable, or fanciful. Rather, Your word stands as a witness to what You are doing in the world. Thank You for the sure and reliable word You have given us. Amen.

Tuesday, 28 July 2026

And the vinedressers took his servants, beat one, killed one, and stoned another.  Matthew 21:35

Note: You can listen to today’s commentary courtesy of our friends at the “Bible in Ten” podcast. (Click Here to listen)

You can also read this commentary, scrolling with music, courtesy of our friends at “Discern the Bible” on YouTube. (Click Here to listen), or at Rumble (Click Here to listen).

“And having taken, the agronomists, the ‘servants, his’, one, indeed, they scourged. One, also, they killed. One, also, they stoned.” (CG)

In the previous verse, Jesus said in the ongoing parable that at the time of the ripe fruit, the housemaster sent servants to the agronomists that they might receive its fruit. He continues next, saying, “And having taken, the agronomists, the ‘servants, his’, one, indeed, they scourged.”

The word is deró. It literally signifies to flay. By implication, it means to scourge, which causes the skin to be flayed. This is a painful, and at times lethal, form of punishment. Next, He says, “One, also, they killed.”

This is a general word that signifies to kill outright. No particular type of killing is implied, just that the person is killed. Once again, Jesus says, “One, also, they stoned.”

This is another new word, lithoboleó. It is from lithos, a stone, and balló, to throw, cast, etc. Thus, it signifies lapidation. It is a form of punishment recognized in the Law of Moses, and it is noted as being used against offenders in Israel’s history, such as –

“And Joshua said, ‘Why have you troubled us? The Lord will trouble you this day.’ So all Israel stoned him with stones; and they burned them with fire after they had stoned them with stones.” Joshua 7:25

Having gone this far into the parable, we can now start to look at the metaphors that Jesus is using. Thus far, we’ve seen the vineyard that God prepared to bear fruit. It is Israel, the nation. The barrier wall is the Law of Moses. That is seen in the word used, phragmos. Paul uses it in Ephesians 2:14 when referring to the law –

“For He Himself is our peace, who has made both one, and has broken down the middle wall of separation.”

The purgos, or tower, is defined by Strong as specifically being a burgh, an old word signifying an incorporated town. The main building of the town, often a tower-type building, would be representative of it. This would be the tabernacle/temple with the Levitical system of rites and sacrifices. The agronomists are the leaders of the nation, given charge of the nation’s cultural, political, and religious care.

The fruit season is the time expected for there to be religious fruit borne among the people. There was expected to be a fruitful harvest of the people. However, when God sent the prophets in anticipation of such a harvest, they treated them as is seen in this verse now.

Life application: Jesus is using examples of one thing to convey a message about other things. His words, when He is complete, will be so obvious to those who hear that it will say in verse 45, “Now when the chief priests and Pharisees heard His parables, they perceived that He was speaking of them.”

Everything about His words relies on other things in Scripture to make these points. By understanding the cultural, political, and religious aspects of Israel that are presented in the Bible, the words come into focus, and the meaning of the overall parable can then be rightly understood.

There is usually no reason to go beyond the word itself to find the meaning of the metaphor, although that may be needed at times. For example, the barrier wall explains itself when studying the other uses of the word. Paul explicitly states that the law is that barrier. The full context in Ephesians 2 says –

“For He Himself is our peace, who has made both one, and has broken down the middle wall of separation, ¹⁵ having abolished in His flesh the enmity, that is, the law of commandments contained in ordinances, so as to create in Himself one new man from the two, thus making peace, ¹⁶ and that He might reconcile them both to God in one body through the cross, thereby putting to death the enmity.” Ephesians 2:14-16

As the Bible has stated this, there is no need to go further to find other symbolism. Pay attention to what is going on as you read. What a treasure we have in God’s wonderful word.

Lord God, open our eyes as we read and study Your word. Illuminate our understanding so that we can know just what You intend for us to see. And, Lord, help us to live according to this word all the days of our lives. Amen.

Monday, 27 July 2026

Now when vintage-time drew near, he sent his servants to the vinedressers, that they might receive its fruit. Matthew 21:34

Note: You can listen to today’s commentary courtesy of our friends at the “Bible in Ten” podcast. (Click Here to listen)

You can also read this commentary, scrolling with music, courtesy of our friends at “Discern the Bible” on YouTube. (Click Here to listen), or at Rumble (Click Here to listen).

“When also it neared, the ‘juncture, the fruits’, he sent the ‘servants, his’ to the agronomists to receive the ‘fruits, his’.” (CG)

In the previous verse, Jesus began another parable about a landowner planting a vineyard, getting it ready, leasing it out, and going to a far country. He continues that, saying, “When also it neared, the ‘juncture, the fruits’.”

This is the particular time when the fruits are ready to be harvested. It is at this time that the housemaster would expect a suitable recompense for the land and expenses he had put into the land to make a vineyard productive.

As a harvest season comes once a year, there is no reason to assume that this is a single point Jesus is referring to. The kairos, the opportune season for fruit, is a recurring event throughout the span of time concerning what Jesus is referring to. The rest of the parable will bear this out. As for the parable, Jesus continues, saying, “he sent the ‘servants, his’ to the agronomists.”

Here is a new word, geórgos. It is derived from gé, soil (and by implication, a region, land, etc.), and ergon, work, deed, labor, etc. A word that exactingly matches this would be agronomist.

These are the people working the land as agreed to by the housemaster. The appropriate juncture in time for the fruits to be harvested has come. This means that he should receive a share of the earnings from the vineyard, as Jesus next says, “to receive the ‘fruits, his’.”

As the housemaster is in a far land, the reception of the fruits will have to come by a proxy. This would be the servants appointed for the task noted earlier. They are being sent to the vineyard on his behalf.

Life application: As we continue through the parable, think about what you already know concerning what is being stated in the metaphor. A vineyard represents the economy (a cultural expression) where God is dealing with man in order to bring about a result.

Jesus is speaking to the leaders of Israel. So, consider what He says to them as the parable continues. The parable is not a complicated one. What it conveys should be readily understood, but you may come up with some interesting questions or insights.

This is what we are to do when we read the Bible. File away known metaphors, look for other metaphors of which you are unaware of their meaning, and try to deduce what is being conveyed. And then form pictures of what may be going on in relation to the rest of Scripture.

It is true that anyone can come to erroneous conclusions about what is going on in a story. So be careful not to be dogmatic about things unless you are certain that your conclusions are defensible.

But for thousands of years, people have been reading the word and forming conclusions about what it is conveying. Many have proven correct over time, and yet there is still much more that can be elicited from its pages. So be diligent in thinking through what you are reading.

God is giving us information. The more we study the word, the more precise our understanding of that information will be.

Lord God, Your word is a treasure. It is filled with wonderful stories that can instruct us on many levels and in differing ways as we progress through our lives. So, Lord, help us to stick with reading it and considering it all the days we walk in Your presence. Amen.

Sunday, 26 July 2026

“Hear another parable: There was a certain landowner who planted a vineyard and set a hedge around it, dug a winepress in it and built a tower. And he leased it to vinedressers and went into a far country. Matthew 21:33

Note: You can listen to today’s commentary courtesy of our friends at the “Bible in Ten” podcast. (Click Here to listen)

You can also read this commentary, scrolling with music, courtesy of our friends at “Discern the Bible” on YouTube. (Click Here to listen), or at Rumble (Click Here to listen).

“Another parable, you hear, ‘‘Man, certain’, he was ‘housemaster, who, he planted – vineyard’, and barrier, it, he circuited, and he dug in it – winepress, and he built – tower, and he leased it to land-workers, and he abroaded.” (CG)

In the previous verse, Jesus finished His words to the leaders of Israel concerning the parable of the two sons. However, He is not finished addressing the leaders. Matthew records His next words, saying, “Another parable, you hear.”

Jesus continues using parables in an effort to get these men to think things through, see their situation, and make a decision concerning what path they will follow. Understanding that, He begins with, “‘Man, certain’, he was ‘housemaster’.”

Once again, Jesus uses a subject that was readily understandable to His hearers, a housemaster. He used this same terminology in Chapter 20 in the Parable of the Workers in the Vineyard. This is a man who has authority over the house. In this case, Jesus also returns to the vineyard metaphor, saying, “who, he planted –vineyard.”

Typology must remain consistent unless there is a specific change in the intent of what is being conveyed. As such, the same typology is to be seen here as in the previous vineyard parables.

The vineyard represents the economy (a cultural expression) where God is dealing with man in order to bring about a result. In this case, the initiation of that process is being referred to. The man has planted the vineyard. Next, Jesus says, “and barrier, it, he circuited.”

Two new words are seen again. The first is phragmos, an enclosing barrier. It can be a hedge, partition, fence, etc. The four uses of it in the New Testament are all suited to using the word “barrier.” The next new word is peritithémi, to place around, coming from peri, about, and tithémi, to place. In this case, the word circuit will satisfactorily suit the eight New Testament uses.

The vineyard is now protected by a barrier to keep it from outside influences. After this, Jesus says, “and he dug in it – winepress.”

Two more new words are seen. The first is orussó, to burrow in the ground. The word is seen just three times in Matthew and Mark. The word dug satisfies the three uses. The second new word is lenos, a winepress. It is a primary word signifying a trough. Despite this, all of the New Testament uses are used in conjunction with it being a winepress for the crushing of grapes.

Vineyards produce grapes, or cultural expressions. These are mixed together through a mashing process to produce wine. In the Bible, wine then symbolizes the merging together of these expressions into a result. The thing that ought to happen can happen, symbolized by wine. For the vineyard, Jesus next says, “and he built – tower.”

The purgos, tower, is introduced here. Strong notes that in Greek writings from the time of Homer and afterward, it refers to a tower, meaning a fortified edifice which rises to a considerable height. It was used to repel hostile attacks and to enable watchmen to see in every direction. Such a watchtower is intended to watch over the vineyard for protection. With that complete, Jesus next says, “and he leased it to land-workers.”

Again, two new words are seen. The first is ekdidómi, to give forth. In the New Testament, its four uses are all in relation to leasing out land. The second new word is geórgos, literally a land-worker. It is from gé, soil (by extension, it speaks of a region, ground, land, etc.), and ergon, to work.

The landowner retains the vineyard as his own and has set certain people in the vineyard to do what is necessary for maintaining it. With that, Jesus says, “and he abroaded.”

This is another new word, apodémeó, to go abroad, meaning to visit a foreign land. A single word that carries that exact meaning is the coined word abroaded. The housemaster has headed away from the area, leaving these men in charge with the intent of them caring for his property.

Life application: In one verse, eight new words are seen. It is interesting how a new concept or story will often require the introduction of new words in order to make specific points about what is on God’s mind.

With the introduction of these new words, a story is being developed that is intended to convey information for those who are being addressed to consider what Jesus is telling them. But these leaders are not the only intended recipients of His words. They have been recorded in God’s word.

Because this is so, anyone who picks up the word and reads it should consider what is being said. This is true with those who are not being specifically addressed, meaning the church, which has received God’s word. They are also intended to be considered by the nation of Israel, which originally rejected His words.

As the Gentile led church age, we can learn why things occurred as they did, leading to the current dispensation. As the nation of Israel, they can read what Jesus says, compare His words to their history, and see why they wound up in the situation they have been in for so long.

This parable will explain to any and all what needs to be known concerning a particular issue. Having said that, one parable cannot be used to support a final conclusion about the nation of Israel. It is not uncommon for what Jesus conveys in this parable to be used that way, though. But the whole of Scripture must be considered to form our eschatological doctrines.

So be sure not to assume that because of the words of this parable, there is no future for Israel. It will rather present a reason why Israel is not what God is using for His redemptive purposes at this time.

Lord God, help us to carefully evaluate all that Your word says before we come to conclusions about various things. One story or one teaching may suit a particular timeframe, but it may not be the end of the matter concerning what is being conveyed. So help us to consider the broader picture that is presented at all times. Amen.

Saturday, 25 July 2026

For John came to you in the way of righteousness, and you did not believe him; but tax collectors and harlots believed him; and when you saw it, you did not afterward relent and believe him. Matthew 21:32

Note: You can listen to today’s commentary courtesy of our friends at the “Bible in Ten” podcast. (Click Here to listen)

You can also read this commentary, scrolling with music, courtesy of our friends at “Discern the Bible” on YouTube. (Click Here to listen), or at Rumble (Click Here to listen).

“He came, namely, John, to you in ‘way, righteousness,’ and not you believed him. The ‘also taxmen and the prostitutes’, they believed him. You, also, having seen, not you regretted afterward the ‘believe him’.” (CG)

In the previous verse, Jesus told Israel’s leaders that the taxmen and prostitutes would enter the kingdom of God before them. He now explains why it is so, confirming their own response to His question concerning the parable of the two sons, saying, “He came, namely, John.”

This explains why Jesus gave the parable right after their question to Him concerning what right He had or under whose authority He did the things He was doing –

“But Jesus answered and said to them, ‘I also will ask you one thing, which if you tell Me, I likewise will tell you by what authority I do these things: ²⁵ The baptism of John—where was it from? From heaven or from men?’” Matthew 21:24, 25

When they couldn’t answer Him, He told them He wouldn’t answer their question. After that, He immediately brought in the parable of the two sons. It is a parable that is based on the life and actions of John. Jesus is answering the question for them that they failed to answer. He does that with His continued words. He notes that John came “to you in ‘way, righteousness’.”

These words tell us that John’s authority came from heaven. Jesus just said that the taxmen and prostitutes would enter the kingdom of God before the leaders. If entry into the kingdom of God is the goal and it is accessed through what John would proclaim, then John’s authority was from God.

Understanding this, Jesus continues by explaining His statement concerning the matter, saying, “and not you believed him.”

If John’s proclamation was from God, and these men did not accept his proclamation, then it stands to reason that they have rejected what God expects of them. On the other hand, Jesus says, “The ‘also taxmen and the prostitutes’, they believed him.”

This explains why these groups would enter the kingdom of God before Israel’s leaders. John’s message was from God, and they accepted that premise. In this, Jesus equates them to the first son who said he would not go into the vineyard but later regretted it. They ignored the Law of Moses, lived unrighteously, and were stiff-necked toward God’s expectations.

However, in John’s coming, they heard the message, and regret for their way of life sank into their minds. In regretting, they would have done what John proclaimed, which is to believe in Jesus, the One he proclaimed to be the Messiah. On the other hand, Jesus says, “You, also, having seen, not you regretted afterward the ‘believe him’.”

Jesus equates the leaders of Israel to the second son. He said he would go into the vineyard, but then he never went. As noted, the vineyard represents the economy (a cultural expression) where God is dealing with man in order to bring about a result. Jesus is what God is now doing. The whole body of the Law and Prophets pointed to Him and His coming.

John proclaimed that Jesus was the Messiah. Therefore, those who once failed to uphold the law regretted their lives and accepted that God was ready to cleanse them through John’s baptism of reconsideration, preparing them for the coming Messiah. The leaders saw this, the ‘believe him’ of the people, and yet they did not regret their walk before the Lord.

They were so filled with self-righteousness that they could not accept that they needed the Messiah’s healing. In stating His words, He has confirmed John’s source of authority, and He has shown that John’s proclamation that Jesus is the Messiah is valid.

As such, He has actually answered the question that He didn’t answer in verse 27. Only, He has done it indirectly. He demonstrates that John’s authority is of God because his words lead to entrance into the kingdom of God or exclude those who reject it. John’s words pointed to Jesus. Therefore, Jesus’ authority is from God.

Jesus has brilliantly provided exactly what these men needed to know in a way that leaves them a choice that must be made concerning Him.

Life application: Time and again, the Bible shows that a rejection of the Son, Jesus, means a rejection of God. For example –

“Then they said to Him, ‘Where is Your Father?’
Jesus answered, ‘You know neither Me nor My Father. If you had known Me, you would have known My Father also.’” John 8:19

Man has a choice set before Him. Jesus is the dividing line. Those who reject Jesus reject God. Jesus offers grace, not law. Jesus fulfilled the law. Therefore, to reject Jesus’ fulfillment of the law is, by default, a rejection of Jesus. In rejecting Jesus, the person rejects God.

One cannot piously claim he follows Abba Father if He is trying to merit what Jesus has already accomplished. It is illogical and contradictory. The choice of Jesus starts with believing in the God of the Bible, but this is not the end of the matter.

A rejection of all false gods is the beginning of the pursuit. But the God of the Bible has set before those who come to Him the choice of law versus grace. Jesus is God’s grace. To attempt to find reconciliation apart from Jesus through law observance is a self-condemning act. Come to Jesus, set your pride aside, and receive His grace.

Lord God, Your word says that the path of restoration to You is narrow. As Jesus is the path, then anything apart from Him is a deviation from the path. Help us to clearly explain this to the people of the world. Without Jesus, no one will ever be restored to You. Give us boldness to proclaim this truth. Amen.