Joshua 19:1-9 (The Inheritance of Simeon)

Artwork by Douglas Kallerson.

Joshua 19:1-9
The Inheritance of Simeon

It’s kind of hard to imagine an inheritance within an inheritance. I tried to think of something comparable to what is presented in these verses and couldn’t come up with anything. An inheritance, by default, seems to imply something that belongs to one exclusively.

A person can share his inheritance, but to have a permanent stake set aside within another’s inheritance while it still belongs to the first isn’t something that you would normally expect to see. On a spiritual level, this is possible though.

Jesus is said to have inherited a more excellent name than the angels. In coming to Jesus, we implicitly share in His name, and we are granted a part in the heavenly inheritance that He has earned.

But that is not what we are seeing in Joshua 19. Judah had an inheritance, that was too much for them, so Simeon is being given an inheritance within the inheritance of Judah. Henceforth, all of this land is going to be known as the land of Judah, even while Simeon is in the cities and villages granted to them.

What do you imagine is going on here? Why did God set an inheritance inside an inheritance, and what prompted it to occur? God already knows the end from the beginning, and so there had to be a purpose.

Text Verse: “He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.” Revelation 2:7

It’s fascinating to sit down on Monday morning, having no idea what the passage is conveying, and then trying to figure it out. I got started around 3:30am. The first verse went quickly. I couldn’t believe how fast! Well, until I looked at the clock and saw it was 4:45am and I still had more verses to go.

The same thing happened with verse 2. Hideko was walking out the door at 6:30am and I was still typing that verse. Later verses went more quickly so that I was done with them by about 11:30am. And then I sat. Thinking. And sat. Thinking.

The analysis of these verses didn’t come easily, but it is such a treasure because it explains things that are right in front of our noses concerning inheritances: what God has done in Christ, how it affects Israel, how it affects the church, etc.

It never gets old. The word just keeps giving us new and exciting details. Yes! Great things are to be found in His superior word. And so, let us turn to that precious word once again, and… May God speak to us through His word today, and may His glorious name ever be praised.

I. Too Much for Them (verses 1-9)

The second lot came out for Simeon, for the tribe of the children of Simeon according to their families. 

Simeon was the second son of Jacob as well as the second son of his wife Leah. His name comes from shama, to hear. Thus, it means Hearing or He Who Hears.

Surprisingly, this is the first time that Simeon is seen in the book of Joshua. He will only be seen in this chapter for his land grant and in Chapter 21 when Levitical cities are included in his land grant. He will be mentioned very sparsely in the rest of the Old Testament.

In Chapter 18, the remaining land was to be surveyed and divided into seven parts and yet, without any explanation as to why, a portion was drawn out of Judah. Thus, it seems likely that it was decided before the surveyors went out that a portion would be taken out of Judah’s inheritance. Now, the lots are being cast…

1 (con’t) And their inheritance was within the inheritance of the children of Judah.

vayhi nakhalatham b’tok nakhalath bene Yehuda – “And was their inheritance in midst inheritance sons Judah.” The lot that was cast, and the resulting land allotment fulfills the prophecy of Jacob from Genesis 49 –

“Simeon and Levi are brothers;
Instruments of cruelty are in their dwelling place.
Let not my soul enter their council;
Let not my honor be united to their assembly;
For in their anger they slew a man,
And in their self-will they hamstrung an ox.
Cursed be their anger, for it is fierce;
And their wrath, for it is cruel!
I will divide them in Jacob
And scatter them in Israel.” Genesis 49:5-7

Simeon had marched with Reuben and Gad after leaving Sinai. They had encamped together on the south side of the tabernacle when it rested (Numbers 2). These two had separated from Simeon, taking their inheritance east of the Jordan.

A question arises here as to whether the lot itself designated the land for Simeon or if it simply designated Simeon to be the first to choose which lot they would choose. The text does not say. Either way, the result is that other than from Judah, Simeon will be separated from his brothers.

At the census in Numbers 26, after the wilderness wanderings, Simeon was found to be the smallest tribe of all. Their total number in Numbers 1 was 59,300. In Numbers 26, it was 22,200. Thus, his numbers dropped by 37,100.

That was the largest decrease of any tribe. This was probably because many of the tribe were killed in the matter of Peor in Numbers 25. It seems that Simeon was most associated with that. Thus, they were destroyed by sword and plague because of it, reducing their numbers greatly.

It would be a good reason for their assignment within Judah, the tribe with the greatest numbers. Judah could act as a defense and as a help for this smaller tribe, something that will be seen in Judges –

“Now after the death of Joshua it came to pass that the children of Israel asked the Lord, saying, ‘Who shall be first to go up for us against the Canaanites to fight against them?’
And the Lord said, ‘Judah shall go up. Indeed I have delivered the land into his hand.’
So Judah said to Simeon his brother, ‘Come up with me to my allotted territory, that we may fight against the Canaanites; and I will likewise go with you to your allotted territory.’ And Simeon went with him.” Judges 1:1-3

As this allotment fulfills Jacob’s prophecy, we could speculate that the lot was designated by the Lord to ensure that would happen. But it could be that because of their separation from Reuben who had chosen land east of the Jordan, and because Judah and Simeon were both sons of Leah, they simply chose to dwell together.

Adding in Levitical cities that will be designated in this area, there will be three of these sons of Leah dwelling together, Simeon, a portion of Levi, and Judah.

As for the cities to be designated, the first thirteen will be in the Negev, the south country. The second four will have two in the Negev and two in the Shephelah, or lowland. In the allotments recorded in Joshua 15, of which Simeon will now receive their portion, it is apparent that these cities are a far distance one from another –

In the Negev:
Lebaoth, Shilhim, Ain, and Rimmon (Joshua 15:32)

In the Shephelah:
Libnah, Ether, Ashan (Joshua 15:42)

Thus, even in the allotment within Judah, Simeon is further divided among Israel, more perfectly fulfilling the prophecy of Jacob. As for the cities Simeon is granted, they are next enumerated…

They had in their inheritance Beersheba (Sheba), Moladah,

The Hebrew here would at first seem to suggest three cities, but the total listing in verse 6 is thirteen, not fourteen cities: vayhi lahem b’nakhalatham b’ersheva v’sheva u-moladah – “And was to them, in their inheritance, Beersheba and Sheba, and Moladah.”

In Joshua 15:26, it lists Shema instead of Sheba before Moladah. Thus, it could be referring to that same location. But this would make fourteen cities, not thirteen. Also, neither Shema nor Sheba is mentioned in the listing of Simeon’s cities in 1 Chronicles 4.

For this reason, the word “and” before Sheba seems to indicate that Beersheba and Sheba are being identified as one city, not two – “Beersheba and Sheba.” As the listing specifically will read thirteen cities, this seems the most likely explanation.

Beersheba means Well of the Oath or Well of the Seven. The word beer signifies a well or a pit. A well is something dug out, not natural. The word sheva means seven. However, that comes from shava, to swear as in an oath. The dual name is derived from the account found in Genesis 21 –

“Then Abraham rebuked Abimelech because of a well of water which Abimelech’s servants had seized. 26 And Abimelech said, ‘I do not know who has done this thing; you did not tell me, nor had I heard of it until today.’ 27 So Abraham took sheep and oxen and gave them to Abimelech, and the two of them made a covenant. 28 And Abraham set seven ewe lambs of the flock by themselves.
29 Then Abimelech asked Abraham, ‘What is the meaning of these seven ewe lambs which you have set by themselves?’
30 And he said, ‘You will take these seven ewe lambs from my hand, that they may be my witness that I have dug this well.’ 31 Therefore he called that place Beersheba, because the two of them swore an oath there.” Genesis 21:25-31

This designation was repeated in Genesis 26 at the time of Isaac. There it gives a reasonable explanation for the name Sheba being affixed to Beersheba in this verse of Joshua –

“So he made them a feast, and they ate and drank. 31 Then they arose early in the morning and swore an oath with one another; and Isaac sent them away, and they departed from him in peace.
32 It came to pass the same day that Isaac’s servants came and told him about the well which they had dug, and said to him, ‘We have found water.’ 33 So he called it Shebah. Therefore the name of the city is Beersheba to this day.” Genesis 26:30-33

Therefore, the well named Shebah (Sheba) is included with the city, Beersheba. Again, Sheba simply means Seven, but it is also derived from shava and alternatively means Oath. The “h” added at the end of the name signifies a feminine form of the word.

Moladah comes from yalad, to bear, bring forth, or beget. The m prefix may indicate “from.” Thus, it means Place of Bringing Forth, or more simply Birthplace, or even Origin.

Hazar Shual, Balah, Ezem,

Khatsar shual means Village of the Fox. But this needs further explanation. The shual (fox) comes from shoal, the hollow of the hand, because these are burrowing animals, making their own hollow. The word is found in Isaiah 40:12, where it asks, “Who has measured the waters in the hollow [shoal] of His hand.” Hence, the meaning extends to Village of the Hollow of the Hand.

Balah probably comes from baleh, meaning worn out. Thus, it probably means Wearing Out, Worn Out, or Old.

Atsem comes from etsem or bone. Thus, it means Bone, Supporting, or Strength.

Eltolad, Bethul, Hormah,

Eltolad comes from el, God, and yalad, to bring forth or bear. Thus, it could mean Brought Forth of God, Born of God, Generated of God, Generation of God, etc.

Bethul is possibly derived from bethula, virgin, and el, god. Or it may be derived from beith, house, and el, god. Thus, it probably means Virgin of God or Abode of God.

Khar’mah means Anathema. James Strong defines it as Asylum.

Ziklag, Beth Marcaboth, Hazar Susah,

The name Tsiq’lag is a bit of a brain teaser. It appears to be derived first from tsuq. It means to pour out or melt, or to oppress or distress, such as to put pressure on someone to give up information or to lay siege to a city. It is used in Job 29 –

“When my steps were bathed with cream,
And the rock poured [tsuq] out rivers of oil for me!” Job 29:6

The second part is from log, a small amount poured into a hollow, like the hand. Thus, it could signify Measure of Pressure or Measure of Pouring.

Beith ha’markavoth means House of the Chariots.

Khatsar susah means Village of the Horse or Village of the Mare.

Beth Lebaoth, and Sharuhen:

Beith Levaoth means House of Lionesses.

Depending on the root, Sharukhen comes from two words. The first is sharah, to loosen, and thus figuratively, to dwell or abide. The second is khen, or grace. It signifies Abode of Grace.

6 (con’t) thirteen cities and their villages;

Depending on the scholar, this may be seen as a scribal error that should read fourteen. As noted earlier, some say that Sheba should either be Shema or that it is the same place as Beersheba, and so on.

But the record of Genesis 26, that everybody oddly ignores, seems to indicate that Sheba (Shebah) is merely the well that belongs to Beersheba. Hence, thirteen cities being designated appears to be correct. Along with those, the others are…

Ain, Rimmon, Ether, and Ashan: four cities and their villages;

Ayin means Fountain, Spring, or Eye.

Rimmon means Pomegranate. But the pomegranate symbolizes harvest ready fruit and so it can further mean Mature Mind or Harvest Ready.

Ether comes from athom, to multiply. And so it signifies Abundance. However, that can figuratively mean something like Deceitful as in the proverb where the word is used this way –

“Faithful are the wounds of a friend,
But the kisses of an enemy are deceitful [lit. many].” Proverbs 27:6

Ashan means Smoke.

and all the villages that were all around these cities

There are the main cities with their villages, and then there are lesser villages that extended beyond them, scattered through the countryside. These would all be accounted to Simeon. This grant with the villages extended…

8 (con’t) as far as Baalath Beer, Ramah of the South.

Baalath Beer means Lady of a Well or Well of a Lady. Ramath Negev means Height of the South. It is supposed to be another name for Baalath Beer.

8 (con’t) This was the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Simeon according to their families.

This sums up the listing from verses 1 through 8. It is the second allotment of the final seven, coming after Benjamin and before Zebulun. With that, the next words provide an explanation of why they are located in this area. But as was stated in the previous chapter, the account never fully explains how the lots were divided out in the seven final distributions…

The inheritance of the children of Simeon was included in the share of the children of Judah,

me’khevel bene Yehuda nakhalath bene Shim’on – “From cord sons Judah inheritance sons Simeon.” The khevel is a rope used as a measuring line. Hence, it speaks of the territory, share, or allotment that has been measured out. With that, the explanation of “why” without the “how it was determined” is next stated…

9 (con’t) for the share of the children of Judah was too much for them. 

The area granted to Judah had a large number of cities, and cities are what the land grants are centered on, even if other factors were considered. Cities are connected to roads that are connected to highways. As such the amount of productivity and trade of the land is often directly connected to the cities.

In the case of Judah, they would not be harmed at all by having these cities go to Simeon. In fact, it would be a benefit to them for the cities to be filled…

9 (con’t) Therefore the children of Simeon had their inheritance within the inheritance of that people.

The text reads much more simply: “And inherited sons Simeon in midst their inheritance.” Simeon, He Who Hears, receives his inheritance within the borders of Judah, Praise. Without really telling us the “how was this decision made,” we are simply told that it occurred. The reason was Judah’s share was too much. What a thing! “Too much room. Ok, let’s invite He Who Hears.”

He who has an ear to hear
Let him hear what the Spirit says today
The words I speak will be perfectly clear
When he pays heed to what I say

There is the unfolding of a wonderful story
It is one that will include any who will hear
In heeding My word, there will be wonder and glory
This extends to anyone whether far off or near

The Spirit speaks in and through My word
And so the Spirit is still speaking today
Pay careful heed to all you have heard
Yes, be sure to listen to all that My word does say

II. This Is the Church

The boundaries of the various allotments have reflected the work of Christ and its effects on those who are saved. The cities within Simeon now reflect the status of the church that Christ came to establish.

Simeon means He Who Hears. To hear in Scripture means not only to hear audibly, but also to attend to, such as –

“I will raise up for them a Prophet like you from among their brethren, and will put My words in His mouth, and He shall speak to them all that I command Him. 19 And it shall be that whoever will not hear My words, which He speaks in My name, I will require it of him.” Deuteronomy 18:18, 19

In this case, Simeon is He Who Hears (attends to) the word. He has responded to the word of Christ. Simeon receives his inheritance within the inheritance of Judah. The boundaries were defined, and the pictures of Christ were laid out in Joshua 15:1-12.

It is within those typological anticipations of Christ that Simeon, He Who Hears, receives his allotment. Judah means Praise. Jesus is the Praise of God. The inheritance is then defined, beginning with Beersheba, Well of the Oath/Well of the Seven.

A well is something dug out. It reflects the profession of faith that a believer brings out. The water is there, but it must be released and obtained. That is the point of digging for the water. The words “and Sheba” or “and seven,” were affixed to that.

It isn’t just that the location is given, but the well itself is obtained. The Lord speaks forth the word of salvation. His word is its own oath, and it establishes what it speaks. In this case, it is Seven. That will be explained in a moment.

The next location is Moladah or Bringing Forth. From the profession of faith, the church is established in those who make that profession. That leads to Hazar Shual, Village of the Fox. Recall that shual, or fox, is derived from shoal, or hollow. The verse quoted from Isaiah 40:12 about the “hollow of His hand” explained the meaning.

This then takes us to the church as described in Revelation. In Revelation 1:16, it says that “He had in His right hand seven stars.” This is explained in Revelation 1:20 –

“The mystery of the seven stars which you saw in My right hand, and the seven golden lampstands: The seven stars are the angels of the seven churches, and the seven lampstands which you saw are the seven churches.”

The Greek literally reads, “which you saw upon [Greek: epi] my right hand.” It is as if the churches are in the hollow of His hand. The seven stars are emblematic of the seven leaders of the seven churches. They are the messengers of the Lord and anticipate the “Well of the Seven.”

Next is Balah, Wearing Out. It is the state of those in the church –

“Therefore we do not lose heart. Even though our outward man is perishing, yet the inward man is being renewed day by day.” 2 Corinthians 4:16

Despite this state, those in the church remain in a state of strength, reflected by Ezem (Atsem), Strength –

“…that you may walk worthy of the Lord, fully pleasing Him, being fruitful in every good work and increasing in the knowledge of God; 11 strengthened with all might, according to His glorious power, for all patience and longsuffering with joy.” Colossians 1:10, 11

Next is mentioned Eltolad, coming from yalad, to bring forth or bear. Thus, it means Brought Forth of God, Born of God, Generated of God, Generation of God, etc. It is reflective of numerous verses in the New Testament. One from Galatians says –

“And because you are sons, God has sent forth the Spirit of His Son into your hearts, crying out, “Abba, Father!” Therefore you are no longer a slave but a son, and if a son, then an heir of God through Christ.” Galatians 4:6

That leads directly into the state of the church, reflected in the name Bethul or Virgin of God –

“For I am jealous for you with godly jealousy. For I have betrothed you to one husband, that I may present you as a chaste virgin [Bethul] to Christ.” 2 Corinthians 11:2

This Virgin of God, despite being in the world and affected by it, is also secure in Christ. He is our Sanctuary and Refuge. He is our place of Asylum, reflected by Khar’mah

“Thus God, determining to show more abundantly to the heirs of promise the immutability of His counsel, confirmed it by an oath, 18 that by two immutable things, in which it is impossible for God to lie, we might have strong consolation, who have fled for refuge to lay hold of the hope set before us.” Hebrews 6:17, 18

Next came Ziklag, or Measure of Pouring. The measure, however, it not defined. It is simply a pouring out according to whatever measure. That is described by Paul in Titus 3:4-7 –

“But when the kindness and the love of God our Savior toward man appeared, not by works of righteousness which we have done, but according to His mercy He saved us, through the washing of regeneration and renewing of the Holy Spirit, whom He poured [Ziklag] out on us abundantly through Jesus Christ our Savior, that having been justified by His grace we should become heirs according to the hope of eternal life.”

The next two cities came in the same verse as Ziklag and reflect essentially the same thought, Beth Marcaboth (House of the Chariots) and Hazar Susah (Village of the Horse). Both of these are used in Scripture to define warlike operations. They reflect power to wage battle and, at times, pride. These two together are well described by Paul –

“For though we walk in the flesh, we do not war according to the flesh. For the weapons of our warfare are not carnal but mighty in God for pulling down strongholds, casting down arguments and every high thing that exalts itself against the knowledge of God, bringing every thought into captivity to the obedience of Christ, and being ready to punish all disobedience when your obedience is fulfilled.” 2 Corinthians 10:3-6

After that came Beth Lebaoth, House of Lionesses. The lion is a symbol of courage and strength. Again, Paul provides a suitable explanation for that –

“For this reason I bow my knees to the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, 15 from whom the whole family in heaven and earth is named, 16 that He would grant you, according to the riches of His glory, to be strengthened [Beth Lebaoth] with might through His Spirit in the inner man.” Ephesians 3:14-16

So far, each city has described the state of the believer or how that has come about. The next city Sharuhen, or Sharukhen, does as well. As noted, it comes from two words signifying to dwell and grace. Hence, Abode of Grace. There is an abundance of verses to explain this, but Romans 6:14 will do –

“For sin shall not have dominion over you, for you are not under law but under grace [Sharuhen].” Romans 6:14

And that state of grace is explained by how it is obtained. Unlike a well which is dug, a spring or fountain is that which comes up naturally. The Spirit comes through a profession, but once He comes, He does so ceaselessly, represented by Ain, or Fountain –

“Jesus answered and said to her, ‘Whoever drinks of this water will thirst again, 14 but whoever drinks of the water that I shall give him will never thirst. But the water that I shall give him will become in him a fountain [Ain] of water springing up into everlasting life.’” John 4:13, 14

Once a person in the church is so prepared, he can (if he is willing) move ahead to maturity. That is the point of the filling of the Spirit, represented by the next city, Rimmon. It means Pomegranate, but the Pomegranate is defined by those at Abarim as Mature Mind or Harvest Ready. Paul then explains that in several ways, but simply stated from 1 Corinthians –

“Brethren, do not be children in understanding; however, in malice be babes, but in understanding be mature [Rimmon].” 1 Corinthians 14:20

The next city is Ether. It signifies Abundance. There is a lot concerning this word in the New Testament and none of it is what the Prosperity Gospel proclaims. Rather, the abundance God provides to those who are mature minded is available to the poorest beggar in Christ, such as –

“For if by the one man’s offense death reigned through the one, much more those who receive abundance [Ether] of grace and of the gift of righteousness will reign in life through the One, Jesus Christ.)” Romans 5:17

With that, the next city, Ashan, or Smoke, was named. Smoke reflects a presence, be it of God, or a burning city, something irritating in the eyes, and so on. But it is a fleeting presence. God makes Himself manifest in temporary ways (Isaiah 6:4). Cities that are burning are manifest until they are gone (Joshua 8:21). The irritation of the wicked is a temporary manifestation in the nostrils of the Lord (Isaiah 65:5).

“Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation; old things have passed away; behold, all things have become new.” 2 Corinthians 5:17

The life before knowing Christ was smoke. That which is found in Christ is eternal. John explains this precisely, saying –

“For all that is in the world—the lust of the flesh, the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life—is not of the Father but is of the world. 17 And the world is passing away, and the lust of it; but he who does the will of God abides forever.” 1 John 2:16,1 7

With that, the naming of the cities was complete, and yet more locations are implied with the words of verse 8. There it said, “as far as Baalath Beer, Ramah of the South.” This brings the narrative back to the thought of a well. It opened with Beersheba, and it is closing with Baalath Beer or Lady of a Well.

The lady that John writes to in his two shorter epistles is debated, but the context reveals that it is speaking of a body of believers –

“The Elder,
To the elect lady [Baalath Beer] and her children, whom I love in truth, and not only I, but also all those who have known the truth, because of the truth which abides in us and will be with us forever:
Grace, mercy, and peace will be with you from God the Father and from the Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of the Father, in truth and love.” 1 John 2:1-3

The Well of the Lady consists of those who have professed Christ and become a part of the church of believers. This location, Baalath Beer, is then defined as Ramath Negev, Height of the South. But Negev is from a root signifying parched.

This then would reflect a nearness to God, symbolized by the Height in the parched world. The water of life provided by Christ is what brings them this nearness and it came by professing Him as the Lord (Yehovah) in the flesh.

The verses then close out by reiterating that this is the inheritance of He Who Hears in the inheritance of Praise. The New Covenant was established with the House of Israel and the House of Judah (Jeremiah 31:31), but it extends to any and all who hear the word and accept it by faith.

These cities tell the story: “This is the church.” It is the body of believers for whom Christ died. It is hidden away in a few otherwise obscure verses about a land allotment within another land allotment, but Scripture never really explains how it came about. If it had, it would not have been quite the mystery that would later be revealed.

In this passage, we can see that not only does God have every aspect of what He is doing meticulously and minutely detailed, such as the earlier Joshua sermons, and the manner in which Christ would accomplish those things, such as in the more recent sermons, but He is also giving us details of what those things mean for us as well when we are included in His body of believers.

What a treasure! Take care when you read the word. Think on what you are reading and read it repeatedly so that you will remember what you have read. Keep cataloging things, making mental notes of key words and phrases, and considering how things fit into the greater panorama of the word.

Everything fits, and everything has a purpose. Trust that. When you read passages like these in Joshua, don’t look at them as a laborious section to just get through, but enjoy the words, the names, the places, and so on. A story is being told!

And above all, keep remembering that every word in this precious and sacred word comes from the mind of God and for the benefit of those who will pay heed. Let us remember that it all anticipates the coming of Jesus and what has occurred since then.

And if Jesus has come, which indeed He has, then He is coming again. Let us be of mature minds growing in the knowledge of Him and His word from day to day. May it be so with each who loves His appearing.

Closing Verse: “…when you read, you may understand my knowledge in the mystery of Christ), which in other ages was not made known to the sons of men, as it has now been revealed by the Spirit to His holy apostles and prophets: that the Gentiles should be fellow heirs, of the same body, and partakers of His promise in Christ through the gospel.” Ephesians 3:4-6

Next Week: Matthew 1:21 Something different to bless each of us… (You Shall Call His Name JESUS) (Resurrection Day Sermon)

The Lord has you exactly where He wants you. He has a good plan and purpose for you. It is He who has defeated the enemy and who now offers His people rest. So, follow Him and trust Him and He will do marvelous things for you and through you.

The Inheritance of Simeon

The second lot came out for Simeon
For the tribe of the children of Simeon, by lot and not by chance
According to their families
And their inheritance was within the children of Judah’s
———-inheritance

They had in their inheritance Beersheba (Sheba), Moladah
Hazar Shual, Balah, Ezem
Eltolad, Bethul, Hormah
Ziklag, Beth Marcaboth, Hazar Susah, each of them

Beth Lebaoth, and Sharuhen: thirteen cities and their villages
Ain, Rimmon, Ether, and Ashan: four cities and their villages too
And all the villages that were all around these cities
As far as Baalath Beer, Ramah of the South, these they did accrue

This was the inheritance of the tribe of the children
Of Simeon according to their families, according to their men

The inheritance of the children of Simeon
Was included in the share of the children of Judah, not by chance
For the share of the children of Judah was too much for them
Therefore the children of Simeon had their inheritance within
that people’s inheritance

Lord God, turn our hearts to be obedient to Your word
Give us wisdom to be ever faithful to You
May we carefully heed each thing we have heard
Yes, Lord God may our hearts be faithful and true

And we shall be content and satisfied in You alone
We will follow You as we sing our songs of praise
Hallelujah to You; to us Your path You have shown
Hallelujah we shall sing to You for all of our days

Hallelujah and Amen…

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The second lot came out for Simeon, for the tribe of the children of Simeon according to their families. And their inheritance was within the inheritance of the children of Judah. They had in their inheritance Beersheba (Sheba), Moladah, Hazar Shual, Balah, Ezem, Eltolad, Bethul, Hormah, Ziklag, Beth Marcaboth, Hazar Susah, Beth Lebaoth, and Sharuhen: thirteen cities and their villages; Ain, Rimmon, Ether, and Ashan: four cities and their villages; and all the villages that were all around these cities as far as Baalath Beer, Ramah of the South. This was the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Simeon according to their families.

The inheritance of the children of Simeon was included in the share of the children of Judah, for the share of the children of Judah was too much for them. Therefore the children of Simeon had their inheritance within the inheritance of that people.

 

 

Acts 15:32

More of the Virgina Countryside, Montpelier.

Sunday, 2 April 2023

Now Judas and Silas, themselves being prophets also, exhorted and strengthened the brethren with many words. Acts 15:32

Note: You can listen to today’s commentary courtesy of our friends at “Bible in Ten” podcast. (Click Here to listen).

You can also read this commentary, with music, courtesy of our friends at “Discern the Bible” on YouTube. (Click Here to listen), or at Rumble (Click Here to listen).

The letter from the council has been read to the congregation at Antioch. Having heard it, they rejoiced over its encouragement. With that, it next says, “Now Judas and Silas, themselves being prophets also.”

These are the two men who had been sent from the council to confirm the words of the letter, having accompanied Barnabas and Paul to Antioch. The term “prophets” in this verse is obviously not given in the sense of the Old Testament prophets that foretold the future or spoke forth a new word of the Lord. That may or may not be something they did at other times, but in this context, calling them prophets is tied to what is stated in the next words. It says they “exhorted and strengthened the brethren.”

The verb form of the word used in the previous verse, paraklésis, which was translated as “encouragement,” is used here, parakaleó. Thus, it is more appropriately rendered “encouraged.” The other word, translated as “strengthened,” was introduced in Acts 14:22. It signifies to support, confirm, make stronger, etc.

In other words, there had been confusion thrown into the congregation by the events that took place. Trust in the words of Barnabas and Paul may have been diminished because of the Judaizers, something that definitely happened to the church in Galatia as Paul records in his epistle to them. These two prophets, rather than foretelling the word of the Lord, forth-told it.

They gave them encouragement that the message of salvation by grace alone through faith alone, apart from any works of the law, was correct. They encouraged the church to stand fast in their faith and even built them up with additional words, strengthening them, as it next says, “with many words.”

Rather, the words in the Greek are singular and should read “with much discourse.” They added either instructional lessons as may be seen today in a Bible study, or they may have spoken forth in the form of a sermon or homily, building the believers up in the faith which was once for all delivered to the saints.

Life application: Because the council has wisely sent along Judas and Silas, the decision rendered by it would certainly have gone unchallenged by any Judaizer still lurking around the believers in Antioch. Today, we do not have the apostles around any longer to render such a letter and then send along people to confirm what was said.

However, we do have the full, final, and sure word of the apostles and other men who wrote out the word of God for our instruction. There is no need to have Judaizers throw a congregation into upheaval if the congregants are properly instructed in the word of God. Thus, it is imperative to not just give life application sermons and Bible studies that are not based on the Bible.

Rather, the word of God is to be opened, analyzed, and explained in detail. If this is not done, the same confusion in the congregation that arose in Antioch, Galatia, and elsewhere is sure to arise in whatever congregation these false teachers come to. Be firm on what the gospel says. Do not give an inch to such cretinous fellows. Instead, proclaim the freedom and liberty that is found in Jesus Christ, not works of law or man that can never profit. Yes, hold fast to the true and only gospel of Jesus Christ our Lord.

Glorious God Almighty, how thankful we are for the surety of the word. If we simply read it and properly apply it to our lives, we will not be misdirected by false teachers. You have breathed it out to us, and You want it to be known by us. So, Lord, help us as we open it and study it all our days. Thank You for the surety of the word that You have given to us. Amen.

 

 

Acts 15:31

Virginia countryside as seen from Montpelier.

Saturday, 1 April 2023

When they had read it, they rejoiced over its encouragement. Acts 15:31

Note: You can listen to today’s commentary courtesy of our friends at “Bible in Ten” podcast. (Click Here to listen).

You can also read this commentary, with music, courtesy of our friends at “Discern the Bible” on YouTube. (Click Here to listen), or at Rumble (Click Here to listen).

In the previous verse, it noted that the letter from the council at Jerusalem was delivered to the multitude who had gathered from the church at Antioch. With that, it next says, “When they had read it.”

Those of the church were certainly excited about what decision had been made and their ears would have been open and alert as each word was read off the scroll. Upon its completion, they certainly would have been quite relieved for several reasons. First, and simply from a human perspective, the prospect of going through the pain of circumcision was now removed.

But more, it meant that, as Gentiles, the circumcision they had received, meaning that of the heart, put them on the exact same level as the Jews without ever having to join the Jewish nation, giving up their own unique culture and identity in the process.

It also meant that they had a freedom that Israel under the law had never previously possessed by not being brought under the yoke of the law. By this time, Paul would have instructed the Gentiles that the entire period of the law was simply a tutor to lead people to Christ. Instead of law, they needed something better, they needed Christ. But they already had Christ. How could it be that they should need to go back to that which never truly profited Israel?

This is the lesson that Paul later had to explain in detail to those at Galatia in his epistle to them. But those at Antioch had certainly been with Barnabas and Paul long enough to already know this fundamental truth.

Because of these reasons, and certainly many others, it says that “they rejoiced over its encouragement.”

Here, a pun is most likely being conveyed by Luke. In Acts 15:22, it said, “Then it pleased the apostles and elders, with the whole church, to send chosen men of their own company to Antioch with Paul and Barnabas, namely, Judas who was also named Barsabas, and Silas, leading men among the brethren.”

With these words, Barnabas is placed before Paul and the chosen men who were sent with Barnabas and Paul. Therefore, it is likely (though still supposition) that Barnabas was the one who stood reading the letter from the council. The pun is in his name and in the word translated as “encouragement.” Both are from the Greek word paraklésis. As such, Barnabas, the Son of Encouragement (Acts 4:36), is living out his name toward those at Antioch as their hearts were encouraged by the contents of the letter he bore and read to them.

Life application: Of the meeting of the council in Jerusalem, Albert Barnes says, “This council has been usually appealed to as the authority for councils in the church as a permanent arrangement, and especially as an authority for courts of appeal and control. But it establishes neither, and should be brought as authority for neither.”

After coming to this conclusion, he gives four long and well-thought-out reasons for this. What he says can be read in his commentary, but the overall thought of his words can be summed up with the single thought that what is recorded here in Acts is not a prescriptive account. It prescribes nothing for future councils.

Rather, it is a descriptive account of what occurred. The form, structure, type of authority, and makeup of the council cannot properly apply to later councils. The apostolic age has ended. What occurs now in councils around the world is not in the least bit comparable to what occurred in Acts 15.

Now, instead of doctrinal issues being handled as occurred in Acts, a total reliance on the contents of Sacred Scripture, meaning the Holy Bible, is to be considered. The presence of the Holy Spirit is in the pages of the Bible because it is the Holy Spirit who breathed out its words through those who wrote it (see 2 Timothy 3:16 & 2 Peter 1:19-21).

Therefore, if the considerations of and decisions rendered by a council are not in accord with the words of Scripture, they are, by default, not guided by the Holy Spirit; they are not of God. If they are not of God, they are, by default, of the devil. This is a lesson that must be considered as councils, conferences, and the like are held by churches and denominations. What is happening in the world today, such as in the ordination of women, homosexuals, etc. is not of God. The Holy Spirit is not among these gatherings, and only unholiness and apostasy will be the result.

Hold fast to this sacred and precious word for the guidance of matters of the church and the Holy Spirit will guide that church through its times of difficulty. And the same is true with your personal life as well.

Heavenly Father, how could we expect You to bless our actions in our personal lives or in the churches we attend if we are not acting in accord with Your word? Help us to think this through clearly and never deviate from its precepts. In them, there is life and the straight path. Apart from them is unhappiness and loss. May we do all that we do to Your glory alone. Amen.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Acts 15:30

View of the Virginia countryside from Montpelier.

Friday, 31 March 2023

So when they were sent off, they came to Antioch; and when they had gathered the multitude together, they delivered the letter. Acts 15:30

Note: You can listen to today’s commentary courtesy of our friends at “Bible in Ten” podcast. (Click Here to listen).

You can also read this commentary, with music, courtesy of our friends at “Discern the Bible” on YouTube. (Click Here to listen), or at Rumble (Click Here to listen).

With the contents of the letter from the council having been recorded by Luke, the narrative continues, saying, “So when they were sent off.”

In the selection of those to go with Barnabas and Paul, preparations had to be made for their journey. With those taken care of, it can be assumed that some of the council saw them part of the way out of the city, or even out of the gates and for a short distance. It is a common gesture and would not have been missed on such an important journey.

Eventually, those remaining in Jerusalem would give their final goodbyes and turn back while the company making the journey would continue. Having been sent off in this manner, Luke next says, “they came to Antioch.”

The narrative brings them right back to where all the trouble began as was recorded in Acts 15:1. However, instead of leaving with a dilemma to be resolved, they are returning with an answer from the council concerning the matter.

It is certain that those of the church were anxiously waiting to hear how things went and were probably asking about the council’s decision. Instead of answering one person at a time though, it next says, “and when they had gathered the multitude together.”

The Greek is more succinct, “and having gathered the multitude.” Everyone was brought together for the word to be spoken forth at one time. By doing it this way, there would be vindication for Barnabas and Paul because the letter and the witnesses were there to validate the matter. That is seen in the final words of the verse, saying, “they delivered the letter.”

One can imagine anyone who sided with the Judaizers looking aghast at the hearing of the decision. And yet, if saved, they were saved by the blood of Christ, not adherence to the law. Their legalistic demands would now be exposed for what they were.

Life application: To this day, when someone challenges the legalism of the Hebrew Roots Movement adherents or that of fundamentalists in churches that heap up rule upon rule not found in Scripture, there are arrogant and even angry faces and accusations hurled out against them.

Sides are drawn up and churches are divided over such things. But there is a standard by which these matters can be determined, the Bible. One good way of exposing legalism is to simply ask, “Where does it say that in Scripture?”

For example, some churches impose petty little laws on the congregation. Your hair is too long, you should not be dancing, we do not approve of musical instruments in this church, etc. In such cases, ask them where Scripture imposes such a rule. The only one of the three mentioned that is even partially addressed is the length of a person’s hair, but even that is subjective. Paul, when addressing the issue, never gives a length. If the matter is not defined, then there is a reason for it.

The point is that we need to be prepared to challenge such nonsense. The way that is done is to know what the word says. There is freedom in Christ. He did not come to bind His people with a laundry list of pet peeves, nor did He come to provide His people with eternal insecurity.

Rather, those things that are not defined in Scripture are simply not important to our walk before the Lord. Don’t allow yourself to get bogged down in legalism. Stand firm on the freedom we are granted in Christ. Remember that such people abounded even during the time of the law. Jesus strongly rebuked such arrogance. How much more offensive is such an attitude when the grace of God has been poured out on His people through the giving of Jesus!

Lord God, thank You for the freedom we possess in Christ. Help us not to get caught up in legalism and strange teachings that do not profit our walk before You. Rather, may we live holy lives, guided by the words of Scripture without adding to them. Where there is freedom, may we live it out accordingly. Amen.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Acts 15:29

Monticello.

Thursday, 30 March 2023

that you abstain from things offered to idols, from blood, from things strangled, and from sexual immorality. If you keep yourselves from these, you will do well.
Farewell.
Acts 15:29

Note: You can listen to today’s commentary courtesy of our friends at “Bible in Ten” podcast. (Click Here to listen).

You can also read this commentary, with music, courtesy of our friends at “Discern the Bible” on YouTube. (Click Here to listen), or at Rumble (Click Here to listen).

The letter from the council just noted that there were “necessary things” that should be laid upon the Gentiles. Those necessary things are now listed, starting with, “that you abstain from things offered to idols.”

This thought responds to the “things polluted by idols” found in verse 15:20. It is a new word in Scripture, eidólothutos. It is a compound word coming from words signifying “idol” and “to sacrifice.” The idea is the slaying of animals to idols. In eating the meat from such an idol, it is as if one is participating in fellowship with the idol. As such, it is essentially what the fellowship (peace) offerings designated under the Law of Moses were for. Instead of to the Lord, however, it is to an idol.

This precept is explained and amended by Paul later in 1 Corinthians 8 and 2 Corinthians 10 where he uses this same word six times. Paul explains there that idols are nothing and so if someone eats meat sacrificed to an idol, understanding that the idol had no effect on the meat and it is just being consumed as regular food, he has not done wrong.

In his instruction, he brings this matter back to the thought of conscience. If one’s conscience is defiled because of the idol, he should not eat the meat. Likewise, if it would defile another’s conscience, he should not eat the meat. However, if it is understood that the idol is nothing and the meat is just meat, there is no defiling of the conscience. Thus, the meat is perfectly acceptable to eat. Understanding that, it next says, “from blood.”

The Greek simply says, “blood.” The word “from” is implied for the first clause. As for the word blood, this was the last item listed in verse 15:20. As explained there, the main intent of this was to have the people consider why they were drinking blood.

As the life is in the blood, such a practice is usually intended to assimilate the power of the one whose blood was being drunk into the person drinking. Another reason is idolatry where the blood of an animal that was sacrificed was consumed by the offeror as a way of fellowshipping with their god or gods. Hence, it was a part of the ritual of “things offered to idols” just mentioned.

Also, the shedding of blood has almost universally been considered a means of atoning for sin. This is seen in cultures around the world. But Christ’s blood is the only effectual sacrifice for the atonement of sin. This then is an object lesson concerning the nature of Christ’s sacrifice as much as anything else. After this, it next says, “from things strangled.”

Rather, it simply says, “strangled things.” This was stated in verse 15:20 and was a measure so as to not give offense to the Jews who would bleed out any meat that was to be consumed. To not do so would cause offense to them. Hence, it was given as a way of alleviating that. The list ends with “and from sexual immorality.”

Rather, it says, “and sexual immorality.” This word began the list in verse 15:20. It is a subject Paul refers to and explains in detail, explaining it in six of his epistles. Of these things, the letter says, “If you keep yourselves from these, you will do well.”

Note that the council does not command these things, as if they were a matter of law. It also does not say, “You cannot be saved if you don’t do these things” as was stated by the Judaizers in Acts 15:2. There, they had said, “Unless you are circumcised according to the custom of Moses, you cannot be saved.”

The council clearly understood the doctrine of salvation by grace through faith. The word “repent” is not used by them, as if they had to “repent in order to be saved” as is falsely claimed throughout the world today. It is necessary to know what one is doing wrong before he can change his mind about what he is doing wrong. The council takes it as an axiom that they are writing to saved believers. Only now are they telling them what is good for sound living in Christ.

With these prescriptions laid out for the Gentiles, the letter ends with, “Farewell.” It is a word found only here in Scripture, rhónnumi. It is a perfect imperative literally meaning “Be strong.” As it is a perfect imperative, it gives the sense of “you have been strengthened and so remain strengthened.”

Life application: The council has written to believers who may or may not have previously received any of this instruction. Paul and Barnabas likely told them not to be sexually immoral. If they did, it is still unknown which of the other prohibitions they had previously conveyed to those they had talked to. And yet, these Gentiles were saved.

Suddenly, they are now told things that they may have not been previously told. Does that mean they were not “really saved” until they started obeying the precepts laid down by the council? Of course not! And more, if they decide to obey only three of the four, does that mean they will lose their salvation? Of course not. The council never even hints at such a notion.

The issue of salvation is not the same as that of learning what one is to do after he is saved. And yet, the categorical boxes are constantly overlapped by people during their evangelistic efforts. It is as common as shells in the ocean for people to tell about Jesus, explain that He died for our sins and that all we need to do is to believe that message to be saved, citing Ephesians 2:8, 9, and then to say, “And so you need to repent of your sins and He will save you.”

This is a huge problem because the person, at this point, may not even know what sins he is committing. In fact, unless he is discipled, he may never know what things he is doing to offend God. And yet, the person evangelizing him has just added turning from every sin in the person’s life as a condition for salvation. It is totally unscriptural, and it is not the gospel.

A person is saved by believing that Christ died for His sins, was buried, and rose again. That is what saves. The sin in the person’s life is forgiven upon belief. Now, after that has occurred, the person can start to learn what he has done wrong or what he needs to keep from doing.

For example, that saved person may have never had sex in his life. So, he doesn’t need to “repent” of that, meaning change his mind about fornication. But more, the person who led him to Christ never gave him a copy of the Bible and never told him that having sex outside of marriage is wrong. And so three weeks later, he has his first encounter with a woman. Is he saved? Did he lose his salvation?

Think this through. In such matters, one can only do what he is instructed to do. Keep the categorical boxes separate so that confusion in thinking does not arise.

Lord God, help us to never taint the pure gospel by adding to it. Rather, help us to tell people what it takes to be saved. And then, Lord, help us to instruct the saved about what it means to live a holy life in Your presence. May we do these things so that the people of the church are built up soundly in You. To Your glory, we pray! Amen.