Matthew 12:39

Tuesday, 26 August 2025

But He answered and said to them, “An evil and adulterous generation seeks after a sign, and no sign will be given to it except the sign of the prophet Jonah. Matthew 12:39

Note: You can listen to today’s commentary courtesy of our friends at the “Bible in Ten” podcast. (Click Here to listen)

You can also read this commentary, scrolling with music, courtesy of our friends at “Discern the Bible” on YouTube. (Click Here to listen), or at Rumble (Click Here to listen).

“And having answered, He said to them, ‘Generation – evil and adulteress – it seeks a sign, and not it will be given it, if not the sign of Jonah the prophet’” (CG).

In the previous verse, some scribes and Pharisees came to Jesus, saying that they wanted to see a sign from Him. In response, Matthew next records, “And having answered, He said to them, ‘Generation – evil and adulteress – it seeks a sign.’”

The noun moichalis, an adulteress, is introduced. Almost all translations say adulterous, the adjective form of the word. This is incorrect. It is a feminine noun referring to a female who is unfaithful.

As throughout the Old Testament, Jesus equates the relationship of the Lord with His people as a covenant of marriage. A wife was to be respectful, obedient, and faithful to her husband. But Israel had been none of these things. That had not changed in the generation He came to.

As for His words, He sees their asking for a sign as an indication of evil, something that an adulteress would seek. The reason for this is that in seeking a sign, there is no faith behind their request. A person of faith does not need a sign. Instead, he will believe based on the surrounding evidence and the surety of the hope he possesses.

That surety should come from past history. They had the Scriptures, which detailed all of Israel’s history as well as prophesying of its coming Messiah. All they had to do was go there to find the fulfillment of innumerable signs given in prophecy.

From that springboard, they were to accept what their eyes beheld when they looked to Him. Jesus found this lack of faithful understanding highly displeasing, and so He next says, “and not it will be given it.”

The response holds the same weight and tone as what He says in John 5 –

“You search the Scriptures, for in them you think you have eternal life; and these are they which testify of Me. 40 But you are not willing to come to Me that you may have life.” John 5:39, 40

Without directly saying it, Jesus essentially conveys the same thought now. “If you want a sign, go back and search the Scriptures. Compare My ministry to what you see. After that, have faith.” Because of this, He next says to them, “if not the sign of Jonah the prophet.”

Here, Jesus tells them just where to go to find a sign confirming He is the Messiah, meaning Scripture. “Go to Jonah and see the sign He gave. Jonah’s words speak of what will come to pass. When they are fulfilled, you will have received your sign.”

But what is the sign of Jonah? Spoiler alert: it is not what Jesus will say in the next verse. The coming statement was a confirmation of Jonah’s inescapable call upon him as a prophet. It was a surety that his words were to be spoken as the Lord instructed and that they would come to pass.

Life application: Jesus says that no sign but that of the prophet Jonah would be given. As noted in the previous commentary, Mark 8 says that no sign will be given, period. But that was based on the people seeking a “sign from heaven.” The thought is not unlike what Paul says in Romans 10 –

“But the righteousness of faith speaks in this way, ‘Do not say in your heart, “Who will ascend into heaven?”’ (that is, to bring Christ down from aboveor, ‘“Who will descend into the abyss?”’ (that is, to bring Christ up from the dead). But what does it say? ‘The word is near you, in your mouth and in your heart’ (that is, the word of faith which we preach).” Romans 10:6-8

The Jews in Mark 8 wanted to bring a sign down from heaven. The Jews in Matthew 12 are looking for something already available. Jesus expects people to use what is available, and which points to Him, to make their decision about Him, meaning Scripture.

We do not need a sign from heaven to confirm what we can deduce from the word and accept by faith. What we need to do is evaluate the word, see if it matches what we know about the world around us and our relationship with God, and then accept, by faith, that Jesus is the solution to our dilemma.

Don’t be a person looking for a sign every time you need direction in life. Be confident that the Lord has you where He wants you, that He has a good plan and a purpose for you, and that by knowing and adhering to His word, He will direct your steps according to His wisdom.

“For since, in the wisdom of God, the world through wisdom did not know God, it pleased God through the foolishness of the message preached to save those who believe. 22 For Jews request a sign, and Greeks seek after wisdom; 23 but we preach Christ crucified, to the Jews a stumbling block and to the Greeks foolishness, 24 but to those who are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God and the wisdom of God.” 1 Corinthians 1:21-24

Lord God, forgive us when our faith fails. Help us to be confident that, because of Jesus, we are where we should be as we live out our lives. No matter what our station in life is, You are with us. Someday, we shall be in Your presence and have what we must now only hope for. May this hope be sufficient to carry us through each day. Amen.

 

Matthew 12:38

Monday, 25 August 2025

Then some of the scribes and Pharisees answered, saying, “Teacher, we want to see a sign from You.” Matthew 12:38

Note: You can listen to today’s commentary courtesy of our friends at the “Bible in Ten” podcast. (Click Here to listen).

You can also read this commentary, scrolling with music, courtesy of our friends at “Discern the Bible” on YouTube. (Click Here to listen), or at Rumble (Click Here to listen).

“Then, they answered, some of the scribes and Pharisees, saying, ‘Teacher, we desire to see a sign from You’” (CG).

In the previous verse, Jesus noted that from one’s words he will be justified and from one’s words he will be condemned. Now, the direction changes based on the following. Matthew records, “Then, they answered, some of the scribes and Pharisees, saying, ‘Teacher, we desire to see a sign from You.’”

The words are similar in content in Matthew 16:4, Mark 8:11, 12, and Luke 11:29-32. Each varies a little, but what seems likely is that this request for a sign is something that was asked of Him more than once.

In Mark, it seems contradictory to the other accounts because it says, “Assuredly, I say to you, no sign shall be given to this generation.” In Matthew and Luke, a sign is promised, but none is in Mark. However, in Mark, the request is for a sign “from heaven,” something not requested in Matthew or Luke. Therefore, it is probable that Jesus was addressing that specifically in Mark.

Putting the three accounts side by side and analyzing them, no contradiction arises. There is just different information being conveyed with each account. As for the words here in Matthew, it is some of the scribes and Pharisees who petition Him.

In Mark, only the Pharisees are noted. In Luke, there is no one mentioned first. Rather, Jesus directly addresses the crowds. Whether His address was in response to a petition, as in Matthew and Mark, is unknown.

Concerning their petition, they desire to see “a sign.” It is a new word, sémeion, a sign which is normally miraculous in nature. It is derived from the verb, sémainó, to indicate or signify. Unlike a miracle, wonder, etc., a sign is something that stands for something else. It may be a miracle or a wonder, but a sign points to another thing, such as “this indicates this.”

On the other hand, a miracle or wonder is its own thing. The purpose of a miracle is determined by why it was given in the first place, such as exalting the Lord, bringing glory to God, etc. In John, specific signs are noted, each having the intended purpose of establishing Jesus as the Messiah.

Some translations, such as the KJV, inconsistently translate the word “sign” as “miracle,” “wonder,” etc. They may be these things, but the intent is that it is a sign pointing to something else. This is the same with the word oth, sign, in the Old Testament. For example –

“Then God said, ‘Let there be lights in the firmament of the heavens to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs [oth] and seasons, and for days and years.’” Genesis 1:14

From there, the Bible will give signs in the heavens to indicate that other things will happen. Thus, the sign points to the event. For example, the star of Bethlehem, though not called a sign, is exactly that. It was a celestial event that pointed to the coming of the Messiah.

Life application: The Bible itself is a sign. It is something that is given to point to other things: there is a Creator, there is a problem that exists between God and man, God will send a Redeemer into the world to fix the relationship, God loves His creation, etc. Each of these things is found in the Bible.

It is a witness and a testimony to what He has done, is doing, and promises to do. The Bible may be miraculous in how it was received and in the contents it contains, such as future prophecy, but it is a miraculous sign.

When you pick it up and read it, consider it as such. God is pointing you to truths about Himself and what He is doing. Someday, Jesus will come again for His church. The Bible testifies to this, and it will be a sign to the people of the world who are left behind that what He did was anticipated by those who trust in Him.

Be sure to read your Bible and consider the marvel and wonder that it contains. It is God’s wonderful gift to us, a sign of His love for us.

Lord God, help each of us to remember that when we read Your word, we are reading YOUR word. It isn’t just something about You, but it is from You. Therefore, it reflects Your very heart and intent for us as we live before You. May we treat it with respect and carefully consider its sacred contents. Amen.

 

1 Samuel 5:1-12 (Pandemonium, Whopping)

Artwork by Douglas Kallerson

1 Samuel 5:1-12
Pandemonium, Whopping

(Typed 2 June 2025) In Romans, Paul gives reasons why God is just and how even our unrighteousness demonstrates the righteousness of God. One of his lines of reasoning is found in verse 3:7. He asks, “For if the truth of God has increased through my lie to His glory, why am I also still judged as a sinner?”

The word “for” looks back to the previous two examples that he gave. He makes his case by citing arguments people could give to justify both their sin and why God should overlook it. He then says, “if the truth of God has increased through my lie…”

God, throughout His word as well as through the moral compass He has placed within man, lets us know that sin will be punished. In punishing sin, God demonstrates His holiness. His punishment of our sin because of His holiness demonstrates that He is truthful in His judgments.

He says He will punish, and then He follows through. This validates the truth of God to us and thus brings Him glory. As such, God is proven truthful and even glorified through my lying, so how can He punish me? I have only increased His glory… see the great thing I have done!

Text Verse: “Now we know that whatever the law says, it says to those who are under the law, that every mouth may be stopped, and all the world may become guilty before God. 20 Therefore by the deeds of the law no flesh will be justified in His sight, for by the law is the knowledge of sin.” Romans 3:19, 20

The argument just proposed about God being glorified through my lying reflects the faulty reasoning of someone attempting to justify his perverse actions. There are several points that have to be considered. The first is that the lying is actually intended to do the opposite of what is claimed.

Lying is intended to protect and elevate self, not God. When a person lies, it is motivated by self-serving interests, not another’s glory.

Second, if “the truth of God is increased through my lie to His glory” because He has promised to judge sin, then if He doesn’t judge my sin, the truth of God isn’t increased through my lie at all!

The question, “Why am I also still judged as a sinner?” is invalidated by the faulty premise of the question. Also, God doesn’t need man to be glorified. He is glorious in and of Himself.

The “glory” which is reasoned by the one proposing the argument is the glory of God in the eyes of His creation, not His innate glory. Likewise, the truth of God isn’t “increased” in God. Rather, God is truth. And so, the increase is found in our realization of His truth.

God’s character isn’t dependent on man, and He isn’t dependent on what we think about Him. Our perceptions of Him don’t change His innate truth or glory.

The answer to “Why am I still judged as a sinner?” is found in the fact that I am a sinner, and I am deserving of punishment based on my sin. To attempt to justify sin by using faulty reasoning can only add to my judgment. It will not fool God into throwing up His hands and overlooking my misdeeds.

What does this have to do with the ark being carried to the Philistines? The passage today will reveal that those who think they are pleasing to God during this dispensation through law observance are only fooling themselves.

This is a profound truth that is to be found in His superior word. And so, let us turn to that precious word once again, and… May God speak to us through His word today, and may His glorious name ever be praised.

I. In the Buboes (verses 1-7)

Then the Philistines took the ark of God and brought it from Ebenezer to Ashdod.

u-phelishtim laqekhu eth aron ha’elohim vayviuhu me’even ha’ezer ashdodah – “And Philistines, they took Ark the God and they caused to bring it from Stone, the Helper Ashdod-ward.”

With the capture of the ark and the death of Eli and his sons, the narrative now turns solely to the details about the ark while it is in captivity. It is the time that the land is denuded of its glory. That is seen in the words of Psalm 78 –

“So that He forsook the tabernacle of Shiloh,
The tent He had placed among men,
61 And delivered His strength into captivity,
And His glory into the enemy’s hand.
62 He also gave His people over to the sword,
And was furious with His inheritance.
63 The fire consumed their young men,
And their maidens were not given in marriage.
64 Their priests fell by the sword,
And their widows made no lamentation.” Psalm 78:60-64

Ashdod is one of the five capital cities of the Philistines at this time. In the New Testament, it is known as Azotus (Acts 8:40). Today, it is a beautiful city in Israel. It sits along the coast between Tel Aviv and Ashkelon, which is north of Gaza.

Strong’s indicates Ashdod means Ravager based on the root shadad, to devastate or destroy. Abarim gives several possibilities, such as Mountain Slope, Ravine Bottom, Fortress, Demon Place, or Furrowed Field. They also provide the unusual name Fire of David based on esh, fire, and dod, David. Using that logic, it would also mean Fire of the Beloved.

Philistines means Weakeners. Ebenezer, with the article (even ha’ezer), would mean Stone the Helper.

When the Philistines took the ark of God, they brought it into the house of Dagon

vayiqhu phelishtim eth aron ha’elohim vayaviu oto beith dagon – “And they took, Philistines, Ark the God and they caused to bring it temple Dagon.” The words are similar to the previous verse but show the progression of events –

And Philistines, they took Ark the God, and they caused to bring Him from Stone, the Hepler Ashdod-ward.
And they took, Philistines, Ark the God, and they caused to bring Him temple Dagon.

The reason for bringing the ark to the house of Dagon is to use it as an offering to their god. It is intended to be a proof that Dagon is greater than the God of Israel. Because of this…

2 (con’t) and set it by Dagon.

vayatsigu otho etsel dagon – “And they caused to position it aside Dagon.” The word yatsag, to permanently place, is used. It is more definitive than the normal word, sum, to set. They have positioned the ark as a permanent reminder of their victory over Israel, and thus, the God of Israel.

Dagon comes from dag, fish. This signifies abundance. Hence, the word daga means to multiply or increase. The word dagan refers to cereal crops in general, thus natural abundance. Therefore, Dagon can mean Fish, Increase, or Cultivation of Natural Abundance.

The Philistines’ cities are coastal, thus, having a fish as their deity is logical, at least from a fallen human standpoint. The idol representing Dagon was believed to have the upper half reflecting a man and the lower half reflecting a fish.

One Assyrian depiction has a man cloaked in a fish with the mouth of the fish looking like one of the pointy hats of Catholic bishops. The rest of the fish hung like a garment around the man.

And when the people of Ashdod arose early in the morning, there was Dagon, fallen on its face to the earth before the ark of the Lord.

vayashkimu ashdodim mimakhorath vehineh dagon nophel lephanav artsah liphne aron Yehovah – “And they caused to rise early, Ashdodites, from morrow. And behold! Dagon falling to his face, earthward, to faces Ark Yehovah.”

Rising early in the morning appears to indicate a priestly duty, such as making an offering to their god. For this or some other reason, they went in to attend to Dagon. However, despite the ark having been positioned aside Dagon, it is Dagon that is lying prostrate before the ark. The idea of triumph is thus turned on its head, or maybe better, “fallen on its face!”

Despite this, the Philistines have not yet clued into the significance of the matter…

3 (con’t) So they took Dagon and set it in its place again.

vayiqekhu eth dagon vayashivu otho limeqomo – “And they took Dagon, and they caused to set it in its place.” When one has to lift up his god and set it in place, it should be obvious that it is not a god. Obviously, they carried the ark in, and so they could assume this is a comparable event. But the ark is the place where the God of Israel dwelt, not Him.

Despite that, the ark is typologically given to represent Jesus, but that is not the point at this time. The Philistines have misunderstood the nature of the ark, assuming it is like their god. The Lord is instructing them that this is not the case…

And when they arose early the next morning, there was Dagon, fallen on its face to the ground before the ark of the Lord.

vayashkimu vaboqer mimakhorath vehineh dagon nophel lephanav artsah liphne aron Yehovah – “And they caused to rise early in the morning from morrow. And behold! Dagon falling to its face, earthward, to faces Ark Yehovah.” After righting Dagon and having it stand all day long, they must have figured all was good. However, a repeat of the previous night revealed that such was not the case. And more…

4 (con’t)  The head of Dagon and both the palms of its hands were broken off on the threshold;

Rather: verosh dagon ushtei kapoth yadav keruthoth el hamiphtan – “And head Dagon, and two palms its hands, cut unto the threshold.” The meaning is that the two parts of the idol that were specifically human in appearance were cut off.  The form would be a fish, but the head was cut off.

Likewise, the palms of the hands would appear like human hands. Thus, they were sliced off from the hands. And more, they lay upon the miphtan, threshold. This is a new word seen twice in this account, five times in Ezekiel, and once in Zephaniah 1:9.

It is from the word pethen, an asp. That is derived from an unused root signifying to twist. The connection is that the threshold is stretched out as the asp stretches out.

The rosh, head, signifies that which is chief, first, of highest importance, etc. The, kaph, palm (and sole), signifies possession and/or the state of something. Thus, Dagon is not the chief god, it has no authority, and it possesses nothing. Of this failed god, it next says…

4 (con’t)  only Dagon’s torso was left of it.

Rather: raq dagon nishar alav – “Only Dagon, it was left, upon it.” The meaning is that the fish part remained. And it wasn’t as if the idol had fallen over and the things were broken off. Rather, the head and palms were cut off and lying on the threshold, separate from it. It was an evident, visual event that could not be explained away.

Therefore neither the priests of Dagon nor any who come into Dagon’s house tread on the threshold of Dagon in Ashdod to this day.

al ken, lo yidre’khu kohane dagon vekal habaim beith dagon al miphtan dagon beashdod ad ha’yom hazeh – “Upon thus not they tread, priests Dagon and all the ‘coming house Dagon,’ upon threshold Dagon in Ashdod until the day, the this.” Because of the events that occurred, a new and superstitious practice took hold. Rather than stepping on the threshold, they would step over it. Of this, Clarke rightly states –

“Thus it was ordered, in the Divine providence, that, by a religious custom of their own, they should perpetuate their disgrace, the insufficiency of their worship, and the superiority of the God of Israel.” Adam Clarke

The words “until the day, the this” indicate that the narrative was written and compiled some amount of time later. It was a practice that endured and became a regular part of their customs when going before Dagon.

The practice of leaping over the threshold is something that the inhabitants of Jerusalem took up, as indicated in Zephaniah 1 –

“And it shall be,
In the day of the Lord’s sacrifice,
That I will punish the princes and the king’s children,
And all such as are clothed with foreign apparel.
In the same day I will punish
All those who leap over the threshold,
Who fill their masters’ houses with violence and deceit.” Zephaniah 1:8, 9

It is debated whether this habit was adopted from the narrative in 1 Samuel or not. The same word, miphtan, is used in both, and there is no other reference to the habit. It appears that someone probably heard of the practice and adopted it at the temple in Jerusalem as people tend to do.

But the hand of the Lord was heavy on the people of Ashdod,

vatikhbad yad Yehovah el ha’ashdodim – “And it heavy, hand Yehovah, unto the Ashdodites.” This is the first of two times the name Yehovah will be mentioned apart from the ark. Both are the narrator referring to the hand of Yehovah being on the people as punishment.

The hand is the position of power and authority. The hand of Yehovah being heavy upon those of Ashdod means that He is wielding His power and authority against them.

They thought they were superior to Him and Israel because they prevailed in battle, but the lesson was for Israel to learn from, not because of their greatness. At the same time, those of Ashdod would also learn…

6 (con’t) and He ravaged them and struck them with tumors, both Ashdod and its territory.

The written and the oral Hebrew are different: vayshimem vayak otham baophalim eth ashdod veeth gevuleha – “And He caused to ravage them, and He caused to strike them in the buboes, Ashdod and her borders.” The written Hebrew says baophalim, in the XXX. The problem is that no one is sure what ophalim are. In verse 6:5, it says –

“And you will make images your buboes [ophalim] and images your mice the ‘causing to ruin’ the land. And you will give to God Israel glory, if not He will cause to lighten His hand from upon you, and from upon your gods, and from upon your land.”

As such, it is something that is caused by rats. Due to the difficulty of the translation, the oral Hebrew is changed to batekhorim, “in the tumors,” in both verses. Deuteronomy 28:27 uses the same word, ophalim, which the oral also changes to tekhorim, tumors.

“The Lord will strike you with the boils of Egypt, with tumors, with the scab, and with the itch, from which you cannot be healed.” Deuteronomy 28:27

I have translated ophalim as buboes. These are painful, swollen lymph nodes, resulting from bubonic plague. These buboes can turn black and necrotic. This will cause the surrounding tissue to rot away. They can also rupture with discharges of large amounts of pus. Thus, this analysis is perfectly in line with the words of verse 6:4.

Each time the word “tumors” is used in these verses by the NKJV, it is from the oral rather than the written Hebrew. Despite this, the written, ophalim, should be considered the correct rendering.

And when the men of Ashdod saw how it was, they said, “The ark of the God of Israel must not remain with us,

vayiru anshe ashdod ki khen veameru lo yeshev aron elohe Yisrael imanu – “And they saw, men Ashdod, for thus. And they said, ‘Not it will sit, Ark God Israel, with us.’” There is an understanding that the plague upon them was a result of the ark they possessed. However, they apparently think that the plague is a result of their location, or them as a particular people, and not necessarily because of the ark being taken from Israel.

This would be a logical assumption because they had won the battle. Otherwise, they would have lost. As for them, they say…

7 (con’t) for His hand is harsh toward us and Dagon our god.”

ki qashetah yado alenu veal dagon elohenu – “For it severe upon us and upon Dagon our god.” They are the people of Dagon. The ark has brought trouble upon them and on the god of their temple. In order to resolve the matter, they will devise other plans…

When a god isn’t a god, shouldn’t we know?
How is it that we can’t get this right?
Let us not worship what is false, even if though…
We don’t know the true God by sight

To not know what is true is one thing
But to worship what we know is false is another
To do this would make us a ding-a-ling (aling)
Let us not be ding-a-lings, brother

We can seek out the true while rejecting the rong
This is what we should do
To this unknown God, we should sing our song
Until we know He who is true

II. To Kill Me and My People

Therefore they sent and gathered to themselves all the lords of the Philistines, and said, “What shall we do with the ark of the God of Israel?”

vayishlekhu vayaasephu eth kal sarne phelishtim alehem vayomeru mah naaseh laaron elohe Yisrael – “And they will send, and they will gather all axles Philistines unto them, and they said, ‘What we do to Ark God Israel?’” The word that describes the leaders of the five major cities of the Philistines is seren, an axle. Thus, the leader is the central figure upon whom the city turns.

The leaders are called because a problem and its cause have been identified. They know it would be unwise to arbitrarily return the ark to Israel, but it would also be unwise to move the ark to another Philistine city without an agreement to do so.

Therefore, they have called the leaders to discuss and decide…

8 (con’t) And they answered, “Let the ark of the God of Israel be carried away to Gath.” So they carried the ark of the God of Israel away.

vayomeru gath yisov aron elohe Yisrael vayasebu eth aron elohe Yisrael – “And they said, ‘Gath! It will turn, Ark God Israel.’ And they caused to turn Ark God Israel.” The decision is to turn the ark from Ashdod to Gath. Ostensibly, there was no temple of Dagon there. Therefore, the lords could see what happened. If nothing, it would tell them that the conflict was between the Lord and Dagon.

The meaning of Gath is Winepress. In Scripture, the winepress is a place of judgment symbolized by the treading out of grapes. However, in treading out grapes, there is also a sense of joy because of the produce derived from the process. This is seen in the symbolism of Revelation –

“Then another angel came out of the temple which is in heaven, he also having a sharp sickle.
18 And another angel came out from the altar, who had power over fire, and he cried with a loud cry to him who had the sharp sickle, saying, ‘Thrust in your sharp sickle and gather the clusters of the vine of the earth, for her grapes are fully ripe.’ 19 So the angel thrust his sickle into the earth and gathered the vine of the earth, and threw it into the great winepress of the wrath of God. 20 And the winepress was trampled outside the city, and blood came out of the winepress, up to the horses’ bridles, for one thousand six hundred furlongs.” Revelation 14:17-20

So it was, after they had carried it away, that the hand of the Lord was against the city with a very great destruction;

vayhi akhare hesobu otho vatehi yad Yehovah bair mehumah gedolah meod – “And it will be after they caused to turn it, and it was, hand Yehovah, in the city – pandemonium, whopping, very.” As before, the hand of the Lord, His power and authority, is brought to bear against the city. In turn, that caused severe pandemonium.

The word mehumah signifies an uproar. It is derived from hum, to make an uproar. It is an onomatopoetic expression where the noise of the events hums out in profuse and profound panic and pandemonium…

9 (con’t) and He struck the men of the city, both small and great, and tumors broke out on them.

vayakh eth anshe ha’ir miqaton vead gadol vayisateru lahem ophalim – “And He caused to strike men the city, from diminutive and until great, and it was erupted to them buboes.” The word sathar is found only here. It signifies to erupt, burst, or break out. This is exactly what buboes do.

And more, these eruptions were indiscriminate in who they came upon. From the smallest to the greatest, it affected them all. Because of this, and not cluing into the obvious trouble they were in…

10 Therefore they sent the ark of God to Ekron.

vayshalekhu eth aron ha’elohim eqron – “And they will send, Ark the God, Ekron.” After the breakouts in Ashdod and Gath, they decided to give it another try by sending it to Ekron. The name comes from aqar, to pluck up or uproot. But that is from the same as eqer, an offshoot or descendant. Hence, the name could mean either Offshoot or Uprooted.

10 (con’t) So it was, as the ark of God came to Ekron, that the Ekronites cried out, saying, “They have brought the ark of the God of Israel to us, to kill us and our people!”

vayhi kevo aron ha’elohim eqron vayizeaqu ha’eqronim lemor hesabu elay eth aron elohe Yisrael lahamitheni veeth ami – “And it was, according to coming, Ark the God, Ekron, and they shrieked, the Ekronites, to say, “They caused to bring unto me Ark God Israel to cause to kill me and my people.”

The change from the plural to the singular reveals the mindset of the people. First, they all shrieked, and then they all, individually, referred to themselves and those they lived with.

There is an obvious time lapse here that must be ascertained from the words of verse 11. The ark was brought to Ekron and, as it says, “according to coming,” things devolved for them. It seems likely that they had heard of the disaster that befell the other cities.

However, whether that was the case or not, it became immediately apparent that they were being affected by the presence of the ark, be it after a day, a week, or whatever. Therefore, hoping that before further danger could come upon them…

11 So they sent and gathered together all the lords of the Philistines,

vayishlekhu vayaasphu eth kal sarne phelishtim – “And they sent, and they gathered all axles Philistines.” They sent out messengers, certainly in haste, to bring their complaints before the lords of the cities. Even if the leaders had not yet added the numbers together, the people of Ekron had, and they wanted nothing more to do with the ark.

Once the deaths started, the gathering of the lords was called for…

11 (con’t) and said, “Send away the ark of the God of Israel, and let it go back to its own place, so that it does not kill us and our people.”

vayomeru shalekhu eth aron elohe Yisrael veyashov limqomo velo yamith othi veeth ami – “And they said, ‘You must send Ark God Israel, and may you return it to its place, and not it must cause to kill me and my people.” Again, the words go from the plural to the singular.

They know that the ark must be returned to Israel. Its presence had brought misery and death to three cities, and the stubbornness of keeping it needed to end.

11 (con’t) For there was a deadly destruction throughout all the city;

Rather: ki hayethah mehumath maveth bekal ha’ir – “For it was pandemonium – death in all the city.” The city was in complete uproar from what was occurring. One can almost see body collectors walking through the city with wagons calling, “Bring out your dead. Bring out your dead,” in an attempt to keep the place from becoming overwhelmed with stench and rot…

11 (con’t) the hand of God was very heavy there.

kavedah meod yad ha’elohim sham – “It was heavy, very, hand the God there.” This is the first time that the term elohim, God, is used without being connected to the ark. And more, the narrator says, “the God.”

As always, the use of the article is expressive. It refers to the one true God in relation to man. It is used to reveal those who are in a right relationship with Him, or to contrast those who are not in a right relationship with Him. In this case, it is apparent that the Philistines are not in a right relationship with Him…

12 And the men who did not die were stricken with the tumors,

vehaanashim asher lo methu huku ba’ophalim – “And the men not they died, they were caused to be struck in the buboes.” The plague caught up with everyone. Many died, but those who didn’t still faced the excruciating pains of the plague. It was such a catastrophe that the people cried out in anguish…

*12 (fin) and the cry of the city went up to heaven.

vataal saveath ha’ir ha’shamayim – “And it ascended, vociferation the city, the heavens.” The noun shavah is used. It signifies a hallooing, meaning a cry for help. The intent is that these Philistines have concluded that the all-powerful hand of the God of Israel, who dwells in the heavens, had come upon them. Thus, their cry was directed to Him, even if they didn’t know Him personally.

Death in the city! Bring out your dead
There is nothing but loss since the ark came
Many have suffered plagues and bled
Because of their God, Yehovah by name

We must return Him to His land
The ark must return to Israel
We have been afflicted by His mighty hand
If we don’t return it, things won’t go well

Hear our cry, You in the heavens
We will return the ark as we know is right
We swear the oath, swearing by sevens
The ark will return and be gone from our sight

III. An Explanation of the Verses

The events of this chapter occur at the time when Israel was denuded. The glory has departed. The Philistines, the Weakeners, have taken the ark from Stone the Helper to Ashdod, Fire of Beloved.

They took it into the House of Dagon, meaning House of Increase, placing it, supposedly permanently, next to Increase. However, the next day, Increase fell on its face before Yehovah. Undeterred, the priests set it up again in its place.

A second time, they went in to find Increase fallen on its face before Yehovah, but this time its head and its palms had been cut off and cast to the threshold. This signifies Increase is not the first or head god. In fact, it possesses nothing.

Despite this, the priests and others continued to come to the house of Increase but would not tread on the threshold. The very place where they should have learned their lesson about Dagon not being a god became a place of reverence towards it.

Only after this are the plagues and buboes mentioned, so it appears these were a result of not learning the lesson of Dagon. At that time, it was said that the hand of Yehovah was heavy upon the Ashdodites.

That word, kaved, heavy, is the root of the word kavod, glory, used in the previous chapter to signify that the glory had been denuded from Israel. Those who took it now face the weight of the hand of the Lord for having done this.

Despite that, perhaps thinking that this was a result of their location and/or a conflict with Dagon, Increase, they gathered the lords and asked what should be done.

Instead of sending it back to Israel, they decided to send it to Gath, Winepress, signifying a place of judgment. That, however, turned into another disaster upon the people with the plague of buboes.

It was next sent to Ekron, Uprooted. That led to panic among the people and more disaster upon them throughout the city. Because of that, it was recommended to send the ark back to Israel.

The narrator at that time noted that the hand of the God was very heavy, kaved meod, upon them. At the time of the denuding of Israel, there is the heavy hand upon the Weakeners.

Each of the cities has a name that signifies some type of judgment. Ashdod appears most likely to mean Fire of Beloved. As such, it would signify a burning of the Lord against it, such as is noted in Zephaniah 2:4. Gath, Winepress, signifies judgment as noted in Revelation. Ekron, Uprooted, forms a clear picture of judgment, such as in Amos 9:15 and Matthew 15:13.

As has been seen previously, the Philistines picture those who weaken the faith of others, particularly through law observance. The purpose of the passage is to show that judgment should be expected during the time of Israel’s being denuded of its glory for those who fail to live by faith.

Instead, they should expect only judgment. The example given in the introduction about increasing God’s glory through sin exactingly explains why Dagon, Increase, is named in this passage.

Those who have rejected faith in Christ and who believe they can merit God’s favor through the law, epitomized by the Philistines (Weakeners), are trusting in a false god.

The proposition set forth in these verses is based on the attitude of some who exist during our present dispensation. It is not intended as a picture of everything that happens with Jesus during this time.

Instead, it is only a proposition of what will happen based on people’s attitude when considering their position in relation to the now obsolete law.

Some supposedly attempt to increase the glory of God through observance of the law, but are doing it with faulty reasoning. If they truly wanted to glorify God, they would be trusting in the full, finished, final, and forever work of Christ, who is God.

Instead, their true purpose is self-exaltation. Because of this, as Paul says in Romans 3:9, their condemnation, meaning their judgment, is just.

God is not looking for people who want to impress themselves, others, or Him. He looks for those willing to trust Him and what He has done through Jesus Christ. There is no substitute for this.

There is no excuse for sin, and all sin is dealt with through punishment. For those in Christ, it was dealt with through His crucifixion. Those who are not in Christ must face their own punishment.

As you go about your day, don’t try to rationalize away your wrongdoings. Once you have accepted that sin necessitates a penalty, take the time to give God praise for what He has done for you through Jesus. The cross of Calvary was a high price for the sins we so easily dismiss. Amen.

Closing Verse: “But now the righteousness of God apart from the law is revealed, being witnessed by the Law and the Prophets, 22 even the righteousness of God, through faith in Jesus Christ, to all and on all who believe.” Romans 3:21, 22

Next Week: 1 Samuel 6:1-12 The Philistines took it and it wasn’t so fun… (The Return of the Ark, Part I) (11th 1 Samuel sermon)

The Lord has you exactly where He wants you. He has a good plan and purpose for you. He is the One who abases the haughty and exalts the humble. He regards the lowly, and the proud He knows from afar. So yield yourself to Him, trust Him, and believe His word. In this, He will do great things for you and through you.

1 Samuel 5 (CG)

5 And Philistines, they took Ark the God, and they caused to bring it from Stone, the Helper Ashdod-ward. 2 And they took, Philistines, Ark the God, and they caused to bring it temple Dagon. And they caused to set it aside Dagon. 3 And they caused to rise early, Ashdodites, from morrow. And behold! Dagon falling to his face, earthward, to faces Ark Yehovah. And they took Dagon, and they caused to set it in its place. 4 And they caused to rise early in the morning from morrow. And behold! Dagon falling to its face, earthward, to faces Ark Yehovah. And head Dagon, and two palms its hands, cut unto the threshold. Only Dagon, it was left, upon it. 5 Upon thus, not they tread, priests Dagon and all the ‘coming house Dagon,’ upon threshold Dagon in Ashdod until the day, the this.

6 And it heavy, hand Yehovah, unto the Ashdodites. And He caused to ravage them, and He caused to strike them in the buboes, Ashdod and her borders. 7 And they saw, men Ashdod, for thus. And they said, “Not it will sit, Ark God Israel, with us. For it severe upon us and upon Dagon our god. 8 And they will send, and they will gather all axles Philistines unto them, and they said, ‘What we do to Ark God Israel?’

And they said, ‘Gath! It will turn, Ark God Israel.’ And they caused to turn Ark God Israel. 9 And it will be after they caused to turn it, and it was, hand Yehovah, in the city – pandemonium, whopping, very. And He caused to strike men the city, from diminutive and until great, and it was erupted to them buboes.

10 And they will send, Ark the God, Ekron. And it was, according to coming, Ark the God, Ekron, and they shrieked, the Ekronites, to say, “They caused to bring unto me Ark God Israel to cause to kill me and my people. 11 And they sent, and they gathered all axles Philistines, and they said, ‘You must send Ark God Israel, and may you return it to its place, and not it must cause to kill me and my people. For it was pandemonium – death in all the city. It was heavy, very, hand the God there. 12 And the men not they died, they were caused to be struck in the buboes. And it ascended, vociferation the city, the heavens.

 

1 Samuel 5 (NKJV)

Then the Philistines took the ark of God and brought it from Ebenezer to Ashdod. When the Philistines took the ark of God, they brought it into the house of Dagon and set it by Dagon. And when the people of Ashdod arose early in the morning, there was Dagon, fallen on its face to the earth before the ark of the Lord. So they took Dagon and set it in its place again. And when they arose early the next morning, there was Dagon, fallen on its face to the ground before the ark of the Lord. The head of Dagon and both the palms of its hands were broken off on the threshold; only Dagon’s torso was left of it. Therefore neither the priests of Dagon nor any who come into Dagon’s house tread on the threshold of Dagon in Ashdod to this day.

But the hand of the Lord was heavy on the people of Ashdod, and He ravaged them and struck them with tumors, both Ashdod and its territory. And when the men of Ashdod saw how it was, they said, “The ark of the God of Israel must not remain with us, for His hand is harsh toward us and Dagon our god.” Therefore they sent and gathered to themselves all the lords of the Philistines, and said, “What shall we do with the ark of the God of Israel?”

And they answered, “Let the ark of the God of Israel be carried away to Gath.” So they carried the ark of the God of Israel away. So it was, after they had carried it away, that the hand of the Lord was against the city with a very great destruction; and He struck the men of the city, both small and great, and tumors broke out on them.

10 Therefore they sent the ark of God to Ekron. So it was, as the ark of God came to Ekron, that the Ekronites cried out, saying, “They have brought the ark of the God of Israel to us, to kill us and our people!” 11 So they sent and gathered together all the lords of the Philistines, and said, “Send away the ark of the God of Israel, and let it go back to its own place, so that it does not kill us and our people.” For there was a deadly destruction throughout all the city; the hand of God was very heavy there. 12 And the men who did not die were stricken with the tumors, and the cry of the city went up to heaven.

 

Matthew 12:37

Sunday, 24 August 2025

For by your words you will be justified, and by your words you will be condemned.” Matthew 12:37

Note: You can listen to today’s commentary courtesy of our friends at the “Bible in Ten” podcast. (Click Here to listen).

You can also read this commentary, scrolling with music, courtesy of our friends at “Discern the Bible” on YouTube. (Click Here to listen), or at Rumble (Click Here to listen).

“For from your words, you will be justified, and from your words, you will be condemned” (CG).

In the previous verse, Jesus noted that for every inactive utterance spoken by man, it will render a word about it in judgement day. Now to fully establish the thought as a set precept concerning man’s state, He says, “For from your words, you will be justified, and from your words, you will be condemned.”

This is a general truth regardless of dispensations. Good trees bear good fruit while bad trees bear bad fruit. Likewise, a person’s words reveal his nature. What a person says will lead to justification or condemnation.

This, however, has to be taken in its overall sense. People say things that are not good despite being followers of the Lord. And people who don’t follow the Lord are fully capable of speaking good things.

If people were to receive eternal condemnation for saying the wrong thing at times, it’s pretty certain there wouldn’t be any saved people. Peter promised to stick to Jesus no matter what. And yet, even after being told what would happen, he still failed to live by his words.

It can’t be that a “bad” person who was capable of saying really good things is going to be justified for all the other bad things he has done. Jesus, therefore, is speaking of the nature of the tree, not every fruit. Good trees with the right fruit can still have bad fruit on them.

The overall substance of the tree is what keeps it from getting cut down. During the time of the law, the people were expected to live by the law. When they failed, as David did, they were to acknowledge their failings and do the things necessary according to the law to be restored.

This is where faith comes in. A person who lived under the law and kept it meticulously may not have an ounce of faith in the provision of God. He is interested in justifying himself through his works.

In this dispensation, the instructions concerning Jesus’ words are even clearer to comprehend because the muddy waters of law observance, which are still fully dependent on faith to be justified, have been removed. Paul tells us about words of justification that are perfectly in line with Jesus’ proclamation –

“For Moses writes about the righteousness which is of the law, ‘The man who does those things shall live by them.’ But the righteousness of faith speaks in this way, ‘Do not say in your heart, “Who will ascend into heaven?” (that is, to bring Christ down from aboveor, “Who will descend into the abyss?” (that is, to bring Christ up from the dead).’ But what does it say? ‘The word is near you, in your mouth and in your heart’ (that is, the word of faith which we preach): that if you confess with your mouth the Lord Jesus and believe in your heart that God has raised Him from the dead, you will be saved. 10 For with the heart one believes unto righteousness, and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation. 11 For the Scripture says, ‘Whoever believes on Him will not be put to shame.’ 12 For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek, for the same Lord over all is rich to all who call upon Him. 13 For ‘whoever calls on the name of the Lord shall be saved.’” Romans 10:5-13

Life application: Words are a reflection of the heart. They may be temporary words that do not reflect the overall character of a person, but rather words spoken out of stress, anxiety, or other pressures. When the moment has passed, the person may say, “I’m so sorry, Lord. I was overwhelmed and just lost it.”

Such a statement indicates faith that wrong words were spoken, and the person’s heart was grieved. But more, they indicate faith that the Lord is there and knows our words and actions. If the faith is properly directed, meaning toward God in Christ, there is already forgiveness granted for what was said.

The words of justification were spoken at some point. From there, he was sealed with the Spirit, and the blood of Christ is sufficient to cover all his sins – past, present, and future. Another person may have just as much faith that there is a God watching over him, but he has called on the wrong god. He has not been justified through his words because he has not called on Jesus for his atonement.

The difference comes down to Jesus. Only He can remove sin. Therefore, it is not the conscience that saves. Rather, it is properly directed faith. This is why getting Jesus right is so important. Let us remember to tell others about God’s wonderful provision in the giving of His Son for our sins.

“My little children, let us not love in word or in tongue, but in deed and in truth. 19 And by this we know that we are of the truth, and shall assure our hearts before Him. 20 For if our heart condemns us, God is greater than our heart, and knows all things. 21 Beloved, if our heart does not condemn us, we have confidence toward God.” 1 John 3:18-21

Lord God, our hearts get overwhelmed by the things we say and do, knowing that we have not conducted ourselves appropriately in Your presence. David understood this and found comfort in You. Help us to do the same. May You be our place of rest in this world of difficulty, trial, and failure. Jesus has prevailed! May that be our comfort and rest always. Amen.

 

Matthew 12:36

Saturday, 23 August 2025

But I say to you that for every idle word men may speak, they will give account of it in the day of judgment. Matthew 12:36

Note: You can listen to today’s commentary courtesy of our friends at the “Bible in Ten” podcast. (Click Here to listen)

You can also read this commentary, scrolling with music, courtesy of our friends at “Discern the Bible” on YouTube. (Click Here to listen), or at Rumble (Click Here to listen).

“And I say to you that every inactive utterance that if they will speak, men, they will render a word about it in judgment day” (CG).

In the previous verse, Jesus referred to the things people bring out of what is stored in their hearts, good or bad. Now, He explains a truth concerning that to which His audience was expected to consider and heed, saying, “And I say to you that every inactive utterance that if they will speak, men.”

A new word is introduced, argos, inactive. When one is inactive, he idles around doing nothing. As such, he will be unemployed, useless, lazy, etc. The word closely corresponds to the Hebrew word mibta, found only in Numbers 30:6 & 30:8, where a woman makes a rash vow. That word signifies hasty or thoughtless. That is derived from bata, to babble.

Jesus is saying that people speak carelessly, not thinking through the ramifications of their words. However, God hears everything man says, even if it is an idle utterance. But more, not only does He hear them, but He is also accounting our idle utterances to who we are in relation to the totality of our personhood.

The thought is general in nature and certainly applies to all humanity at all times, but in this case, Jesus is making a point about the utterances of the Pharisees who spoke carelessly about Jesus without thinking through the logical explanation that He then provided.

He could not be casting out Beelzebul by the prince of demons. His explanation thoroughly refuted the notion. Even if they didn’t fully grasp the ramifications of their idle accusation, the Lord heard and was there to render a judgment based on their words, as He next says, “they will render a word about it in judgment day.”

The meaning is that they must give an account for what they spoke, meaning even their idle utterances. Understanding this, Jesus will give an overall summary of this thought in the next verse.

Life application: For now, even before getting to Jesus’ summary of the overarching thought presented in this discourse between the Pharisees and Him, we should heed the truth stated by Jesus in this verse.

It is true that those in Christ are in a different economy than those under the law. Despite this, God doesn’t change. His ears didn’t suddenly turn off when the dispensation of grace came. In other words, everything we say is still known by God and will be set before us by Him when we are brought before Him.

Therefore, we should consider our words carefully. In North Korea, children are executed or sent to grueling penal colonies (which may be worse than death) for speaking like South Korean children, repeating lines from their movies, and so forth.

Such treatment of citizens has occurred throughout human history. An idle word or thoughtless action has led many to the gallows or firing squad. If this is how we may be treated for carelessly speaking before human leaders, how much more severe will it be for those who carelessly and casually malign the Creator?

And yet, it happens innumerable times a day all over the world. People, without thinking through the logic of who God is and what He has done, flippantly ignore the evidence and arrogantly make false proclamations and accusations about Him and His nature. People challenge His word, claiming error or contradiction without considering what it may actually be saying.

In doing these things, we diminish His glory in the eyes of others and place ourselves above Him or what He has done. If humanity understood the consequences of its unholy attitudes, we would be more careful and circumspect in what we say and do. But we fail to consider these things, bringing judgment on ourselves.

For Christians, our condemnation has been decided at the cross of Christ, but what lies ahead still requires judgment for our words and actions now. Let us consider this and pay heed.

Lord God, how often do we say things without thinking through the full scope of what we have uttered? We offend others, we demean those in authority, and we bring dishonor to Your name, even if it was not intentional. Help us to think more clearly and to be careful as we speak, knowing that our words have meaning and may result in unhappy consequences. Amen.