Matthew 3:17

Aestheticus Ethix. Nice birdy.

Tuesday, 10 September 2024

And suddenly a voice came from heaven, saying, “This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.” Matthew 3:17

Note: You can listen to today’s commentary courtesy of our friends at “Bible in Ten” podcast. (Click Here to listen)

You can also read this commentary, scrolling with music, courtesy of our friends at “Discern the Bible” on YouTube. (Click Here to listen), or at Rumble (Click Here to listen).

To read the Superior Word translation of Matthew 3, please go to this link on YouTube, (Click here to listen), or this link on Rumble, (Click here to listen). 

“And behold! A voice out of the heavens, saying, ‘This is My Son – the Beloved in whom I approved’” (CG).

In the previous verse, after being immersed, Jesus came up from the water. When He did, He saw the Spirit of God descending and coming upon Him. The narrative now continues with, “And behold! A voice out of the heavens.”

This is the first of three times that a voice comes in this manner. The other two instances are at the Transfiguration and again during Jesus’ week of Passion –

“While he was still speaking, behold, a bright cloud overshadowed them; and suddenly a voice came out of the cloud, saying, ‘This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. Hear Him!’” Matthew 17:5

“Now My soul is troubled, and what shall I say? ‘Father, save Me from this hour’? But for this purpose I came to this hour. 28 ‘Father, glorify Your name.’
Then a voice came from heaven, saying, ‘I have both glorified it and will glorify it again.’
29 Therefore the people who stood by and heard it said that it had thundered. Others said, ‘An angel has spoken to Him.’” John 12:27-29

As for the plural, heavens, it is a common Hebrew expression that is found throughout Scripture, even from Genesis 1:1. God is in His heaven. Man is on earth with the skies, the heavens, above him. In this case God’s voice thus extends from the heavenly realm through to the earthly realm, summed up in the term “heavens.” Of the words of the Father, He was “saying, ‘This is My Son.’”

The issue of sonship in Scripture can be complex. The word can mean one naturally generated from another, as when a father begets a son. It can mean someone adopted as a son, such as Israel is declared to be in Exodus 4:22 –

“Then you shall say to Pharaoh, ‘Thus says the Lord: “Israel is My son, My firstborn.”’”

A son can also be a descriptor, such as, “He is the son of a fool.” It would mean that he is like a fool, not that his mother or father was literally a fool. The term son can also mean a person in a relational aspect regardless of actual family ties, such as when Paul says, “To Timothy, a true son in the faith” (1 Timothy 1:2). And so forth.

In this case, the Father is proclaiming that Jesus is His Son in a literal sense. Matthew 1:18 has already said that Jesus was conceived of the Holy Spirit. He has no human Father. As God the Father has proclaimed Jesus is His Son, it would be hard to come to any other conclusion than that He literally means Jesus is begotten of Him.

In the case of Exodus 4:22, it is clear that Israel is a nation and a group of people. Thus, the term “son” is to be taken metaphorically. There is nothing to assume that God is speaking in metaphor here. With that stated, He continues with, “the Beloved.”

The word is agapétos, beloved. The word is consistently used in the gospels to refer to Jesus. So strong is this connection that Cambridge notes, “In late Greek it is nearly interchangeable with ‘only-begotten.’” There is a filial bond that is being expressed in these words, calling out for the reader to understand the intimate connection between the two.

Having said that, the same word immediately takes on a new tone in the epistles where it is used again and again when referring to the relation that is established between God and saved believers and between believers in Christ. For example –

“Therefore be imitators of God as dear [agapétos] children.” Ephesians 5:1

“Therefore, my beloved [agapétos], as you have always obeyed, not as in my presence only, but now much more in my absence, work out your own salvation with fear and trembling.” Philippians 2:12

Lastly, the voice from the heavens declares, “in whom I approved.” It is a compound word eudokeó, signifying “good or well” and “to think.” Thus, it signifies to approve of something. Strong’s says it especially signifies to approbate, meaning a formal or legal approval or agreement to something.

In this case, God has formally sent forth His Son to accomplish the redemption of man. Jesus is the chosen instrument to overcome the works of the Devil and to restore man to Himself. When the work is accomplished, it will be a formal, legal matter that is once and for all time resolved.

Life application: Although the words in this verse, when united with other verses seen so far, don’t prove the Trinity, they certainly allude to it. As noted, in Matthew 1:18, it said that Mary was with Child of the Holy Spirit, who is God.

As things reproduce after their own kind, it is understood that Jesus is thus God and Man. Here in verse 3:17, it is seen that Jesus is the Son of the Father. The voice is not the same manifestation as that of the Spirit because the Spirit descended upon Jesus and yet the voice is from the heavens.

In other words, the text is showing us a distinction between the three, and yet they are each God. As there is One God and God is One (Romans 3:30 and Galatians 3:20), then either the Bible is a confused book that is giving us a faulty presentation of God or there is a Godhead and within that Godhead there are three distinct Persons that comprise the One God.

The Bible doesn’t provide any other options. Explanations conjured up by cults that deviate from this recognizable presentation of God have various reasons for doing so. However, their presentations do not properly align with what is clearly seen in Scripture.

Whether you have a full understanding of the Trinity or not, it is important to recognize that this is what the Bible reveals. We do not need to understand something in its entirety to believe it. Faith involves accepting what we know to be true even if we do not fully grasp it. Have faith in the doctrine of the Trinity. It is how God has presented Himself to us because it is how God is.

Heavenly Father, we will certainly be searching out Your goodness and Your being for eternity. No matter how long we look to You, there will always be something new revealed to us. Thank You for Jesus who has made this possible. We have restoration through Him. Now eternity in Your presence is assured. Thank You, O God. Amen.

 

Matthew 3:16

Jade Plant.

Monday, 9 September 2024

When He had been baptized, Jesus came up immediately from the water; and behold, the heavens were opened to Him, and He saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and alighting upon Him. Matthew 3:16

Note: You can listen to today’s commentary courtesy of our friends at “Bible in Ten” podcast. (Click Here to listen)

You can also read this commentary, scrolling with music, courtesy of our friends at “Discern the Bible” on YouTube. (Click Here to listen), or at Rumble (Click Here to listen).

“And having been immersed, Jesus immediately ascended from the water. And behold! The heavens – they were opened to Him, and He saw the Spirit of God descending as a dove and coming upon Him” (CG).

Jesus just explained to John that His being immersed was fitting for them to fulfill all righteousness. With that, John immersed him. Next, it says, “And having been immersed, Jesus immediately ascended from the water.”

The words, like in Acts 8:38, 39 are almost immaturely argued over. Some adamantly state that the words “ascended from the water” refer to Jesus’ ascending from the act of immersion, arising out of the water. Others argue that it is speaking of ascending out of the river itself and that John could have simply sprinkled Jesus. In other words, “Jesus descended from the banks of the Jordan, stood in front of John who then sprinkled Him, and then Jesus ascended to the banks of the Jordan.”

The reason for this type of argumentation is to either “prove” or “disprove” one’s preferred method of what today is known as “baptism.” The argument, however, ignores the fundamental point of baptism. It also ignores the original meaning of the word. The purpose of baptism was a symbolic thorough cleansing from one’s past life. Only immersion provides the proper symbolism.

The meaning of baptizó is “to immerse.” Sprinkling fits neither the purpose nor the meaning. The Greek word rhantizó, used four times in Hebrews, signifies “to sprinkle.” The cognate noun rhantismos, which signifies “a sprinkling,” is used in Hebrews and 1 Peter 1:2.

Jesus went to John who was immersing in the Jordan. John immersed Jesus. From there He then either ascended out of the immersion or out of the Jordan, “And behold! The heavens – they were opened to Him.”

There is debate about who “Him” is referring to, John or Jesus. The reason for this is that in John 1, it says –

“And John bore witness, saying, ‘I saw the Spirit descending from heaven like a dove, and He remained upon Him. 33 I did not know Him, but He who sent me to baptize with water said to me, “Upon whom you see the Spirit descending, and remaining on Him, this is He who baptizes with the Holy Spirit.”’ 34 And I have seen and testified that this is the Son of God.” John 1:32-34

Thus, it is possible it is referring to John who is then the one to confirm Jesus as the Messiah. However, Jesus is the nearest antecedent in the account –

“And having been immersed, Jesus immediately ascended from the water. And behold! The heavens – they were opened to Him.”

Unless there is a compelling reason to change the referent, it is best to assume the nearest antecedent continues to be the subject. John’s having seen the same manifestation of the Spirit doesn’t change anything. It simply means that they both saw the same event. Understanding this, and most likely continuing to speak of Jesus, it says, “and He saw the Spirit of God descending as a dove.”

This does not mean that the Holy Spirit took on an actual form, as if He was incarnate. Rather, this is a manifestation of the Spirit through the creation. Just as God elsewhere is said to display His voice as thunder, creation is used to display the effects of God. As for the descent “as a dove,” that could mean “in the form” of a dove, or “in the manner” of a dove. The former is correct based on Luke 3 –

“When all the people were baptized, it came to pass that Jesus also was baptized; and while He prayed, the heaven was opened. 22 And the Holy Spirit descended in bodily form like a dove upon Him, and a voice came from heaven which said, ‘You are My beloved Son; in You I am well pleased.’” Luke 3:21, 22

Concerning the significance of the dove, innumerable claims are made. One is that the dove represents the Holy Spirit. This is, of course, based upon the account of Jesus’ baptism and, possibly, a misapplication of the words of Genesis 1:2 where the Spirit “brooded” over the face of the waters. However, one would have to assume the dove is specifically being referred to. Others see the dove as a symbol of Israel. Thus, this is signifying that Jesus is the true fulfillment of what Israel signifies. The uses of the dove in the Old Testament do not appear to bear that out.

The Greek word is peristera. It can refer to a dove or pigeon. It doesn’t tell us much, especially because what the word is derived from is unknown. Rather, the symbolism must be based upon the many uses of the yonah, or dove, in the Old Testament. This would include the man Yonah, or Jonah.

The word yonah is probably derived from the same as yayin, wine. Thus, there will be a great deal of similarity to be drawn from the two, something that is too long for this commentary. A possible root, or at least a cognate word, is yanah, a word that generally signifies doing wrong to someone. In Leviticus 19:33 we read this –

“And if a stranger dwells with you in your land, you shall not mistreat [yanah] him.”

This then stands in accord with the phrase, “Love him as you love yourself,” in the next verse of Leviticus. As noted, a word closely associated to yonah is yayin, or wine. That gives the sense of effervescence. Thus, by implication, intoxication.

Taking these thoughts and considering them in relation to the various uses of the word dove throughout the Old Testament, the dove’s symbolism can be summed up with the words, “mourning love.”

When the Holy Spirit descended upon Christ, it was certainly with the thought of mourning in mind. He was about to begin His earthly ministry, one which would be fraught with sadness, pain, punishment, and death. And yet, there is the absolute love of God being expressed in and through the incarnation of Jesus Christ. This is the general idea of what is being conveyed as the Holy Spirit was descending as a dove “and coming upon Him.”

The moment of the beginning of Christ’s earthly ministry is realized in this. Unlike an inanimate object that follows a single, directed path, Christ Jesus is set to wander about in His humanity. And yet, He will remain on the set path of following God’s will as He chooses to reject the temptations of human existence and to be perfectly obedient to the will of His Father in heaven. His moral compass will never deviate from this ideal perfection of the human will.

Life application: Although immersion has already been reviewed, the commentary above gives additional information to help solidify the notion that sprinkling is not what is intended when the Lord commands baptism in Matthew 28. Rather, if a person is sprinkled, that is not a baptism, it is a rhantism.

If Jesus wanted His people rhantized, He would have said so. But He commanded that they be baptized. Words have meaning. To change the meaning of a word from its original context is to form a pretext.

When we use the word repent, it should be used in the biblical context of “to change the mind.” Now that the word has evolved in English to mean “actively turn from sin,” it no longer means what the Bible originally intended. Rather, one is to reconsider the path he is on. Actively turning from sin may be a healthy result of reconsideration, but that is not what reconsideration means.

Using the word baptize no longer carries the original meaning as it once did. Thus, saying immerse is far preferable to get the sense. Be aware of the evolving nature of languages. In understanding how they change, you can properly modify your thinking about what the Bible is saying, and your doctrine will be more properly aligned with what God intended all along.

Heavenly Father, thank You for the safeguarding of the original languages in which the Bible was first presented to Your people. Even thousands of years later, we can know what was originally intended in words that are no longer even used because we have all of that stored up information. And thank You for those who have carefully protected this knowledge throughout the ages. Praises to You, O God, for this precious and unchanging word. Amen.

 

Judges 18:21-31 (No King in Israel, Part IV)

Artwork by Douglas Kallerson.

Judges 18:21-31
No King in Israel, Part IV

(Typed 17 June 2024) The Bible is a book of amazing words that convey incredible meaning. Rare and even unique words come into the narrative at times, some of which are hard to pin down as to their actual meaning.

Some words are found only once in the Bible. These are known as hapax legomena (said once). Some of these words are found only once in all ancient writings, meaning that they were coined by the author of that book and not used again.

Other words are coined in Scripture and later used outside of Scripture. Likewise, there are words that come from translations of the Bible only used within that translation. Others were developed by translators and became a part of the language, being used in other contexts.

This happens outside the Bible all the time as well. The German word jein, a combination of ja (yes) and nein (no), was brought into everyday language by a hip-hop band named Fettes Brot in their 1996 single, Jein. It means that you could go either way on a decision.

Another German word, of which there is no English counterpart, is zugzwang. It refers to when you are forced into making a decision. It comes from the game of chess, where the word zug means to move, and the word zwang is where you are forced to move, even if it harms your prospects of gaining the advantage or winning.

Text Verse: “Dan shall be a serpent by the way,
A viper by the path,
That bites the horse’s heels
So that its rider shall fall backward.” Genesis 49:17

The description of Dan in Genesis 49, and the wording concerning Dan in that passage matches what we will see in typology today. However, Dan is somewhat of a serpent by the way to Micah in these verses.

Because of this, Micah will have a choice to make. Like the German word zugzwang, I have coined a word for this. Maybe you will be able to identify it as we go. If so, maybe you can start using it in your own daily speech.

If so, maybe the word will become famous and a part of our standard lexicon. If so, maybe I will become famous, and this sermon will become notable as the first use of it. If so…

Well, let’s just get on with it. Great things, such as interesting words, concepts, and ideas are a marvelous part of His superior word. And so, let us turn to that precious word once again, and… May God speak to us through His word today, and may His glorious name ever be praised.

I. A Difficult Forcision (verses 21-31)

With the events bringing these Danites to the house of Micah, and the agreement of the Levite to accompany them to their new home set, the narrative next says…

21 Then they turned and departed, and put the little ones, the livestock, and the goods in front of them.

vayiphnu vayelekhu vayasimu eth ha’taph v’eth ha’miqneh v’eth ha’k’vudah liphnehem – “And turn, and walk, and set the youngster, and the livestock, and the abundance to their faces.” Having plundered the gods of Micah’s home, the Danites continue north to Laish.

The wording here is given to show their defensive strategy as they continued. If Micah were to challenge them to a battle over his things, they wanted whatever would inhibit their ability to strike back ahead of them. This is because Micah would be coming from their rear as they marched away from him.

The taph, or youngster, comes from taphaph, signifying small quick steps. Thus, it speaks of the wee ones.          Having little ones implies bringing women along, but it is the children who need to be guarded and who also set the pace.

Likewise, the livestock would vary in kind. Some would walk at a slower pace and need more frequent stops, thus slowing the pace of the rest. Both of these are seen in the account of Jacob meeting up with his brother Esau –

“Please let my lord go on ahead before his servant. I will lead on slowly at a pace which the livestock that go before me, and the children, are able to endure, until I come to my lord in Seir.” Genesis 33:14

Lastly is the kevudah, abundance. It is a new and rare word coming from kavad, to be heavy or weighty. Scholars debate what it refers to, but as it is from a word meaning heavy, it probably means their baggage or other abundance that would slow them down.

By having these precious and needed items set the pace, it would avoid what happened in the wilderness as Israel trekked toward Canaan –

“Remember what Amalek did to you on the way as you were coming out of Egypt, 18 how he met you on the way and attacked your rear ranks, all the stragglers at your rear, when you were tired and weary; and he did not fear God.” Deuteronomy 25:17, 18

22 When they were a good way from the house of Micah, the men who were in the houses near Micah’s house gathered together and overtook the children of Dan.

The words “gathered together” are a paraphrase. The word zaaq means to cry or call out. As such, it is often used as a cry for battle as gathering men to assemble and arm themselves: hemah hirkhiqu mibeith mikhah v’ha’anashim asher babatim asher im beith mikhah nizaqu vayadbiqu eth b’ne dan – “They far off from house Micah, and the men who in the houses who with house Micah cried and impinged sons Dan.”

As the men of the area were probably in the fields tending to daily work, it would take time for whoever saw what happened or noticed the missing articles to get to the field and start gathering people to pursue the thieves.

This gave the Danites time to remove themselves some distance. However, with the slowest of the travelers setting the pace, those in Micah’s area would eventually catch up with them. Therefore…

23 And they called out to the children of Dan. So they turned around and said to Micah, “What ails you, that you have gathered such a company?”

As with the previous verse, the word zaaq, to cry out, is used: vayiqreu el b’ne dan vayasebu p’nehem vayomru l’mikhah mah l’kha ki nizaqta – “And calls, unto sons Dan, and turn their faces, and say to Micah, ‘What to you that cried?’” The words begin a rather comical exchange between the two parties.

Micah and his group are hollering at the Danites. We can assume it is something like, “Hey, hey you! Stop. What do you think you’re doing? Stop!”

The Danites, knowing very well why they are being pursued, look back and ask what the matter is, as if they had no idea on earth why anyone would be coming after them. “Wha…? What’s the matter with you?”

It is as if Dan is taunting them for the laughs they will have in the future when they sit around the bonfire and talk about the good old days. Micah, however, isn’t so excited about the events…

24 So he said, “You have taken away my gods which I made, and the priest, and you have gone away.

vayomer eth elohay asher asiti l’qakhtem v’eth ha’kohen vatelkhu – “And says, ‘My gods which I made, taken, and the priest – and walk.’” We can’t read Micah’s mind as to whether he is using the word elohay as “God” (meaning a representation of Yehovah) or “gods” meaning several gods he served as god. However, verse 17 listed a panoply of things taken. Thus, “gods” seems appropriate.

With that in mind, everything about the entire statement is absurd in the extreme. Micah wants the gods he made back. If he made them, they are not gods.

If his “gods” were taken from him, then if they were real gods they are not “his” gods. And the Levite is not a priest, even if he was his “priest.”

The amount of unclear thinking by Micah is astonishing. He had completely deceived himself that the things he had were what he conjured them to be. It is exactly why understanding who the Lord is, what He is like, and what interacting with Him involves is so important.

He is not one of many gods.
He is not created, nor can any part of creation, including something formed by man, be equated to Him.
If He is someone’s God, He can never be taken from that person.
Because He is the One true God, He can always be a person’s God (in the sense of relationship).
Further, as God is omnipresent, He can never be absent from His people.

Also, because of man’s state before Him, meaning our sin nature, only a priest without sin who is designated by Him can actually be a priest before Him. As for the priests of the Law of Moses, their sin is dealt with under the law in a temporary way which was anticipatory of the coming Christ.

However, a Levite (or any other person) had no such provision to allow them even this accommodation.

24 (con’t) Now what more do I have? How can you say to me, ‘What ails you?’”

u-mah li od u-mah zeh tomru elay mah lakh – “And what to me still? And what this says unto me, ‘What to you?’” Without the Lord, the statement is true, even if it is ridiculous. He was without the Lord as well as the tinker toys that he thought were his guidance and source of care and blessing.

Therefore, he was willing to chase after the people who carried away his gods and fight to rescue them so that his gods could continue to bless and guide him. His affliction was one of the mind, but he was too blind to even understand how preposterous his actions were.

Micah and those with him are like Laban who went chasing after Jacob when Rachel had stolen his gods. While he inspected the tents for his gods that supposedly directed his life, they sat under his daughter, who was in her time of impurity, having her period.

25 And the children of Dan said to him, “Do not let your voice be heard among us, lest angry men fall upon you, and you lose your life, with the lives of your household!”

vayomru elav b’ne dan al tashma qolkha imanu pen yiphgu bakhem anashim mare nephesh v’asaphta naphsh’kha v’nephesh beithekha – “And say unto him, sons Dan, ‘Not let be heard your voice with us, lest impinge in you men bitter soul, and gather your soul and soul your house.’”

The comical tone continues, even if a bit grim. The sons of Dan threaten Micah’s life and the lives of his family members while pretending they are talking about some unknown individual who might happen to be among them.

As they had lived together, journeyed together, encamped together at Mahaneh Dan, and continued on to Laish together, everyone would have been perfectly aware of everyone else among them.

But the Danites’ words make it seem as if there might be some rogue person who could come unhinged at the words and actions of Micah and they needed to protect him from this unknown terror. The fact is that they all were in agreement and would have come down upon their pursuers like a pride of hungry lions.

26 Then the children of Dan went their way.

vayelkhu b’ne dan l’darkam – “And walk, sons Dan, to their way.” It appears that after threatening Micah with this unknown but terrible person who might be among them, they simply turned around and started walking away. It leaves Micah in a difficult spot where he must now make his forcision…

26 (con’t) And when Micah saw that they were too strong for him, he turned and went back to his house.

vayar mikhah ki khazaqim hemah mimenu vayiphen vayashav el beitho – “And sees, Micah, for stronger they from him. And turns, and returns unto his house.” Micah is perfectly aware of his limitations. Thus, he must decide upon the lesser of two perceived evils.

Knowing that continuing the pursuit would be disastrous, he considers his next move and decides life without his gods is better than death without them.

27 So they took the things Micah had made, and the priest who had belonged to him,

v’hemah laqhu eth asher asah mikhah v’eth ha’kohen asher hayah lo – “And they took which made Micah, and the priest who was to him.” The words “And they” are emphatic. Because Micah is the nearest antecedent, the previous words appear to be parenthetical –

“And says unto him, sons Dan, ‘Not let be heard your voice with us, lest impinges in you men bitter soul, and gathers your soul and soul your house.’ And walks, sons Dan, to their way. (And sees, Micah, for stronger they from him. And turns, and returns unto his house.) And they took which made Micah, and the priest who was to him.”

This appears likely because it simply says they “took which made Micah,” without specifying what they took. However, that was explained in verse 24 – “My gods which I made, taken.”

Thus, Micah could have made his decision while they were still talking to him, or it could be that they finished talking and turned to walk away at the same time Micah turned and headed back home.

Regardless of the exact timing, Dan’s actions are the main point of focus, with the idols and their priest as the key points of their actions. They have secured their new prized possessions…

27 (con’t) and went to Laish, to a people quiet and secure; and they struck them with the edge of the sword and burned the city with fire.

vayavou al layish al am shoqet uvoteakh vayaku otham l’pi kharev v’eth ha’ir sar’phu ba’esh – “And goes upon Laish, upon people reposing and trusting, and struck them to mouth sword, and the city burned in the fire.” It is the same words, “reposing and trusting” that were used in verse 7.

Although some scholars take this as an unjustified action, it is what Israel was told to do when they entered the land –

“But of the cities of these peoples which the Lord your God gives you as an inheritance, you shall let nothing that breathes remain alive.” Deuteronomy 20:16

As these people dwelt within the original borders of the land of Canaan, they were required to be exterminated. However, nothing gave Dan the right to enter another tribe’s inheritance. This land is within the inheritance of Naphtali.

Despite this, Joshua 19:47 acknowledges that this occurred without any sort of rebuke included concerning the matter. There was no written command for burning the city, and yet the text highlights the matter, calling attention to it.

28 There was no deliverer, because it was far from Sidon, and they had no ties with anyone.

v’ein matsil ki rekhoqah hi mitsidon v’davar ein lahem im adam – “And no delivering, for far her from Sidon, and word no to them with man [adam].” The words of verse 7 are essentially repeated here, “And far they from Sidonians, and word no to them with man [adam].” The words are given to confirm how a small portion of a single tribe could take the city without any need for assistance.

Nobody came to the rescue of those in the city, and none from Naphtali were needed by Dan to complete the task as intended.

28 (con’t) It was in the valley that belongs to Beth Rehob. So they rebuilt the city and dwelt there.

v’hi ba’emeq asher l’beith rekhov vayivnu eth ha’ir vayeshvu vah – “And she in the valley which to Beth Rehob. And build the city and dwell in her.” The meaning is that this valley, which was in the tribal inheritance of Naphtali, was a valley that seems to have belonged to the Syrians of Beth Rehob noted in 2 Samuel 10 –

“When the people of Ammon saw that they had made themselves repulsive to David, the people of Ammon sent and hired the Syrians [aram] of Beth Rehob and the Syrians of Zoba, twenty thousand foot soldiers; and from the king of Maacah one thousand men, and from Ish-Tob twelve thousand men. Now when David heard of it, he sent Joab and all the army of the mighty men. Then the people of Ammon came out and put themselves in battle array at the entrance of the gate. And the Syrians [v’aram] of Zoba, Beth Rehob, Ish-Tob, and Maacah were by themselves in the field.” 2 Samuel 10:6-8

This would explain why some Greek texts say aram rather than adam in these words. It seems less likely, however, to say aram in verse 7 when the ownership of the valley is only stated at this point in the narrative. This is especially so when considering it is the Sidonians who are mentioned. They lived west of the location while the Syrians lived eastward.

As for the name, Beth Rehob comes from beith, house, and rekhov, to be or become large or wide. Thus, it means something like House of Wideness, House of Spaciousness, or something like that.

29 And they called the name of the city Dan, after the name of Dan their father, who was born to Israel.

vayiqru shem ha’ir dan b’shem dan avihem asher yulad l’Yisrael – “And call name the city Dan, in name Dan their father who born to Israel.” The reason for calling it Dan is because it was the name of their tribal father who was born to Israel. Thus, it was in honor of him.

However, it is probably a symbolic gesture as well. Even though they were at the furthest point north in the land and in Naphtali’s tribal inheritance, they remained of the tribe of Dan, whose inheritance was to the southwest.

Because of its location, the name became a part of the all-encompassing term for the land of Israel, “from Dan to Beersheba” (or Beersheba to Dan) that is noted nine times in Scripture, Beersheba being the southernmost point.

29 (con’t) However, the name of the city formerly was Laish.

v’ulam layish shem ha’ir larishonah – “and, however, Laish name the city to the first.” The name, as seen in verse 7, means Lion. However, that comes from lush, to knead, as in bread – which is how the word is always used. Kneading is possible. If it was a word originally spelled with two yods (our y), it would have the sense of I Have, To Me Possession, I Posses, etc.

30 Then the children of Dan set up for themselves the carved image;

vayaqimu lahem b’ne dan eth ha’pasel – “And stands, to them, sons Dan, the carved image.” The meaning is that these members of Dan stood in a state of apostasy from their inception. They arrived, subdued the land, built their city, and set up an image in order to worship or seek favor. Also…

30 (con’t) and Jonathan the son of Gershom, the son of Manasseh, and his sons were priests to the tribe of Dan

The text has, without a doubt, been manipulated: vihonathan ben gershom ben m’nasheh hu u-banav hayu khohanim l’shevet ha’dani – “And Jonathan, son Gershom, son Manasseh, he and his sons, were priests to tribe the Danite.” The Levite’s name is Jonathan, Yah Has Given, Given of Yehovah, or something similar.

He is a Levite. Levites do not descend from Manasseh. Rather, Moses was of the tribe of Levi. His son Gershom would have been one of the Levites enumerated during the census. Thus, Jonathan and his sons descended from Gershom, who was born to Moses. The names are identical but with the addition of the letter nun –

משה
מנשה

Ellicott notes what is obvious, saying, “in what is called the Masoretic text—i.e., the text edited by the Jewish scribes—the נ is not boldly inserted, but is timidly and furtively suspended…and is called nun thaīûyah (n suspended). This was done to conceal from the uninitiated the painful fact.” As such, it looks like this, מנשה.

Some ancient manuscripts, as well as the Latin Vulgate, which is translated directly from the Hebrew, bear out the proper reading.

Gershom means Stranger There, Stranger is His Name, or Exile. Moses means He Who Draws Out.

30 (con’t) until the day of the captivity of the land.

The words are almost completely misunderstood and almost universally mistranslated: ad yom g’loth ha’arets – “until day denuding the land.” Almost all scholars and translations say, “the captivity of the land” (NKJV), “removal of the people of the land” (Young’s), or something similar.

The word is galah, to denude. In this case, it is not speaking of the exile by the Assyrians or the Babylonians that happened hundreds of years later. Rather, it is speaking of the capture of the Ark of the Covenant by the Philistines in 1 Samuel 4-6. At that time, the land was stripped of its covering, the glory of God’s presence –

“Then she named the child Ichabod, saying, ‘The glory has departed [galah] from Israel!’ because the ark of God had been captured and because of her father-in-law and her husband. 22 And she said, ‘The glory has departed [galah] from Israel, for the ark of God has been captured.’” 1 Samuel 4:21, 22

It is believed that Samuel is the author of Judges. This verse certainly makes the case for him as the most likely candidate. The image of idolatry lasted until this period. Nothing is said afterwards concerning it and it is unknown what became of it.

*31(fin) So they set up for themselves Micah’s carved image which he made, all the time that the house of God was in Shiloh.

These words confirm what was just said: vayasimu la’hem eth pesel mikhah asher asah kal y’me heyoth beith ha’elohim b’shiloh – “And set, to them, carved image Micah which made, all days is house the God in Shiloh.” The ark was taken from Shiloh into battle where it was lost to the Philistines –

“So the people sent to Shiloh, that they might bring from there the ark of the covenant of the Lord of hosts, who dwells between the cherubim. And the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, were there with the ark of the covenant of God. … Also the ark of God was captured; and the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, died.” 1 Samuel 4:4-11

In 1 Samuel 7, the ark returned to the land of Israel and was in Kirjath Jearim for twenty years. After that, Saul had it brought to him, and later, David had it brought to Jerusalem. Until the land was denuded of their covering, however, the image was set up within the tribe of Dan.

Shiloh means Tranquility.

How can you keep from being trapped
In a world of false religion and apostasy?
Where are the details mapped
That will keep you from heresy?

People go to churches everywhere
But how do they know if what is taught is right?
Does this bother you at all? Do you care?
Does it matter to you if you are pleasing in God’s sight?

He has given us a way to know
He has provided it so that our choices can be right
The Bible! That’s where to go
Let it daily be your guiding light

II. An Idol is Nothing in the World

Chapter 18 begins with the same thought presented in Judges 17:6, “In the days, the those, no king in Israel.” This is a true statement concerning the church age as well. Israel has no king during the church age, even if they have remained as a people.

Likewise, there is no king apart from Jesus in the church, which is included in the commonwealth of Israel, but He is not a king in the sense of active rulership over the churches that comprise His church. He is the King of Israel, but not currently the King in Israel.

Still in verse 1, it noted that the Danite was seeking an inheritance as he had not yet received one because it had not yet fallen to him. As this is west of the Jordan, it is after the time of Christ’s coming.

As the tribe of Dan will receive an inheritance, as seen in Joshua 19, this verse speaks of a group who has not yet been saved but who are going to attempt to obtain their own inheritance apart from Christ.

In sending five men, the number of grace, from among them (verse 2) they are looking to inherit grace through their own efforts. This is something that cannot be accomplished. These reflect people in the church who are not saved. The church has always been full of them.

This is reflected in the fact that they are from Zorah and Eshtaol, Affliction and Entreaty/Bride of God, both of which pictured the church. In going to the Mountains of Ephraim, the home of Micah (Who Is Like This), it means they have gone into the false church to lodge.

While there (verse 3), they recognize the voice of the Levite. In Chapter 17, he pictured someone who appeared to be like Jesus, having all His attributes, but who isn’t Jesus. They asked him about their journey, and he assured them the Lord was with them.

Verse 7 introduces Laish, Kneading (as in bread). The people there were safe and secure according to the manner of the Sidonians. Sidon means Fishery and pictures those who are fishers of men, as Jesus said.

They were quiet people living without insult or reproach, and they had no “word to them with man [adam].” They speak of a sound congregation that does not have any dealings with the carnal man.

The gender discord of verse 7 was noted. The word people is masculine, but the corresponding verb, dwelling, is feminine. Likewise, the words security, reposing, and trusting are each masculine.

Lange said, “the writer’s imagination identifies the people with the city in which they live, and so speaks of them as feminine.” That doesn’t answer the reason, but it is a start. The church is a feminine entity, but those in the church, the saints, are identified in the masculine.

In verse 8, the five Danites return to their brothers in the church (Zorah and Eshtaol), who have no inheritance yet. They tell them they have just the place to take over and that they need to not dawdle but get about taking it.

From there it specifically notes the number who wanted to get this inheritance, six hundred girded for war. It is a number derived from six and ten fallen man without Christ, and the entire round of the cycle is complete. In this case, it is the time of the church age.

First, these men went up to Kirjath Jearim in Judah. Kirjath Jearim means City of Forests or City of Honeycombs. However, as seen in a previous Joshua sermon, Abarim says –

“The verb יער (ya’ar) isn’t used in the Bible and it’s a complete mystery what it might have meant. Noun יער (ya’ar) is the common word for forest or thicket, and the identical noun יער (ya’ar) means honeycomb. It is, of course, perfectly possible that these two nouns are not two but one, describing something general like a thing that consists of many elements, which contain energetic nutrients (either fruits or honey) …” Abarim

Therefore, this is an explanation of the church, a group derived from many people, each filled with individual fruit of the Spirit. This is supportable by the comparison of Israel to a forest in Micah 7:14 –

“Tend Thy people with Thy staff, the flock of Thy heritage, That dwell solitarily, as a forest in the midst of the fruitful field; Let them feed in Bashan and Gilead, as in the days of old” (JPS Tanakh).

Judah means praise. This group left one place reflecting the church. They now stop, naming the place Mahaneh Dan, and will then leave another.

It is the location where “the Spirit of the LORD began to move upon” Samson. It is a Spirit-filled place, but they move on. Next (verse 13), they went to Mount Ephraim. It is another picture of the church, a large but centralized gathering of people (Mount) from Jews and Gentiles who have been saved through faith in His substitutionary afflictions (Twice Fruitful/Ashes).

But where do they stop? Micah’s. Instead of joining the church of the redeemed, they go to the false church with their false Jesus, who greets them (verse 15). While there, they take Micah’s false modes of worship (verses 17-20). The words were very specific, showing that their actions were completely purposeful.

All of the falsities of the false church are accumulated together. It speaks of the ecumenical movement where everything is tolerated except the truth of Scripture and true believers. The Levite, the false Jesus, is thoroughly pleased and takes his place among them.

Micah (now anyone of the false church who doesn’t join the ecumenical movement) has had his idols stolen away and so he gathers neighbors to go after Dan. Their false religion was stolen away. They are faced with a forcision: do something about it or simply give up.

Actually, there is a third option not mentioned, They could have joined with Dan and gone with them. However, they will not try to join with the ecumenicalism of the great apostasy, and they will have no sway when all is said and done. They are left without any Jesus, even a false Jesus, to share with those in the false church.

This is true, for example, of the state of people like the Jehovah’s Witnesses. They are not accepted into the ecumenical movement, but they also have no true Jesus. Their own false worship is seen for what it is. It is the pitiful words of Micah echoing throughout time, “And what to me still?” They have nothing.

The sad state of Laish is spoken of in the final verses. It is a group of saved believers, but they are kneading – making their own bread. They are just doing their own thing, not in contact with others.

Without evangelism and outreach, little churches without a purpose beyond themselves are eventually overtaken by law observance (being struck with the mouth of the sword) and by those who put forth nothing but false worship.

Verse 28 noted that there was no deliverance for a church like this. A stagnant church will come to an end. That this was in the valley (emeq – depth) that belongs to Beth Rehob (House of Spaciousness). It speaks of the greatness in size of the ecumenical movement as it progresses throughout the church age.

Noting that they called the city Dan, Judge, means that where they reside – the ecumenical blob that has slowly taken over the church since its beginning – considers themselves the judge of doctrine and propriety.

In verse 29, noting that Dan was born to Israel (He Strives with God), tells us that this church is striving with, meaning against, God through their false worship. Repeating that it was formerly known as Laish reminds us that this was once a place where Bread was made (the kneading of bread), but no longer is.

Verse 30 noted that Jonathan (Yah Has Given), son of Gershom (Exile), son of Moses (He Draws Out), and his sons were priests to the tribe of Dan. Everything speaks of Jesus, and yet it is a false Jesus being presented.

According to Scripture, the true church has one High Priest and needs no other priests. Finally, in verse 30, it noted, “until day denuding the land.” As this passage refers to the church age, then these words anticipate the rapture of the church followed by the tribulation.

It is the time when the glory of God’s presence in the church will be removed, and judgment will come upon the world. The final verse of the chapter noted that the Danites set up the carved image of Micah all the days that the house of God was in Shiloh.

In other words, the apostate ecumenical church will remain throughout the rest of the church age. Their idolatry will only be ended after the church age comes to its conclusion.

Despite having the Bible available to us, this is the inevitable path of the church. God allows us to make our own choices. When we put our choice of church above God’s word, this will be the result. When we choose a particular denomination because it suits our social mores, this will be the result.

Studying the Bible is not fashionable to most. Adhering to it is even less so. It is so much easier to attend congregations where our friends attend, where the message may be appealing to us, or where we don’t have to think.

We can escape our problems for a short time each week with promises of blessing and prosperity, or we can face the fact that we live in a fallen world and bad times should be expected. I could go on, but the passage sufficiently presents the situation.

What we need is Jesus. The way we discover Him fully and intimately is through His word. When we neglect this word, or the application of it in our lives, we will inevitably weaken or be overthrown by that which is false.

With the world as it is, this is only increasing. Churches and denominations are either closing or going woke. Proper Christian thinking is quickly becoming a rare commodity. Let us not be a part of that trend. Instead, let us hold fast to Jesus and closely to His word. May it be so with each of us. Amen.

Closing Verse: “He uncovers [galah] deep things out of darkness,
And brings the shadow of death to light.” Job 12:22

Next Week: Judges 19:1-21 A sad story to tell, ain’t no jive… (No King in Israel, Part V) (52nd Judges Sermon)

The Lord has you exactly where He wants you. He has a good plan and purpose for you. It is He who judges His people according to their deeds. So, follow Him, live for Him, and trust Him, and He will do marvelous things for you and through you.

No King in Israel, Part IV

Then they turned and departed without haw or hem
And put the little ones, the livestock, and the goods
———-in front of them

When they were a good way from the house of Micah
The men who were in the houses, yes every man
Near Micah’s house gathered together
And overtook the children of Dan

And they called out to the children of Dan
So they turned around and said to Micah, “What can this be?
“What ails you
That you have gathered such a company?

So he said, “You have taken away my gods,
Which I made, and the priest too
And you have gone away. Now what more do I have?
How can you say to me, ‘What ails you?

And the children of Dan said to him
“Do not let your voice be heard among us, we are telling you
Lest angry men fall upon you, and you lose your life
With the lives of your household too!

Then the children of Dan went their way
And when Micah saw that they were too strong for him
He turned and went back to his house
To him, things were lookin’ grim

So they took the things Micah had made
And the priest who had belonged to him whom they did procure
And went to Laish
To a people quiet and secure

And they struck them with the edge of the sword
And burned the city with fire, such a ruthless horde

There was no deliverer, because it was far from Sidon
And they had no ties with anyone, a fatal snare
It was in the valley that belongs to Beth Rehob
So they rebuilt the city and dwelt there

And they called the name of the city Dan
After the name of Dan their father (Dan rhymes
———-with quiche)
Who was born to Israel
However, the name of the city formerly was Laish

Then the children of Dan set up for themselves the carved image
And Jonathan the son of Gershom, the son of Manasseh
———-who were at hand
And his sons were priests to the tribe of Dan
Until the day of the captivity of the land

So they set up for themselves Micah’s carved image, doncha know
Which he made, all the time that the house of God was in Shiloh

Lord God, turn our hearts to be obedient to Your word
Give us wisdom to be ever faithful to You
May we carefully heed each thing we have heard
Yes, Lord God may our hearts be faithful and true

And we shall be content and satisfied in You alone
We will follow You as we sing our songs of praise
Hallelujah to You; to us Your path You have shown
Hallelujah we shall sing to You for all of our days

Hallelujah and Amen…

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Then they turned and departed, and put the little ones, the livestock, and the goods in front of them. 22 When they were a good way from the house of Micah, the men who were in the houses near Micah’s house gathered together and overtook the children of Dan. 23 And they called out to the children of Dan. So they turned around and said to Micah, “What ails you, that you have gathered such a company?”

24 So he said, “You have taken away my gods which I made, and the priest, and you have gone away. Now what more do I have? How can you say to me, ‘What ails you?’”

25 And the children of Dan said to him, “Do not let your voice be heard among us, lest angry men fall upon you, and you lose your life, with the lives of your household!” 26 Then the children of Dan went their way. And when Micah saw that they were too strong for him, he turned and went back to his house.

27 So they took the things Micah had made, and the priest who had belonged to him, and went to Laish, to a people quiet and secure; and they struck them with the edge of the sword and burned the city with fire. 28 There was no deliverer, because it was far from Sidon, and they had no ties with anyone. It was in the valley that belongs to Beth Rehob. So they rebuilt the city and dwelt there. 29 And they called the name of the city Dan, after the name of Dan their father, who was born to Israel. However, the name of the city formerly was Laish.

30 Then the children of Dan set up for themselves the carved image; and Jonathan the son of Gershom, the son of Manasseh, and his sons were priests to the tribe of Dan until the day of the captivity of the land. 31 So they set up for themselves Micah’s carved image which he made, all the time that the house of God was in Shiloh.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Matthew 3:15

Oak branch with wind bells.

Sunday, 8 September 2024

But Jesus answered and said to him, “Permit it to be so now, for thus it is fitting for us to fulfill all righteousness.” Then he allowed Him. Matthew 3:15

Note: You can listen to today’s commentary courtesy of our friends at “Bible in Ten” podcast. (Click Here to listen)

You can also read this commentary, scrolling with music, courtesy of our friends at “Discern the Bible” on YouTube. (Click Here to listen), or at Rumble (Click Here to listen).

“And Jesus, having answered, said unto him, ‘Permit now, for thus it is fitting for us to fulfill all righteousness.’ Then he permits Him.” (CG).

In the previous verse, John had tried to prevent Jesus from being immersed by him and said that rather he needed a baptism from Jesus. However, Matthew next records, “And Jesus, having answered, said unto him, ‘Permit now.’”

The Greek bears emphasis on the word “now.” The moment is being highlighted and set aside as an important point upon which John was to comply. Things would be different as time continued to unfold, but the immediate time bore its own particular significance and need. John’s immersion was one of reconsideration. People were asked to change their minds about their position before God. Jesus did not need to do this.

As the people were immersed, they confessed their sins. Jesus did not need to do this. John, having observed Jesus’ life, knew this. But yet, He had come to be baptized, saying, “for thus it is fitting for us to fulfill all righteousness.”

Notice the plural word “us.” This was not something laid solely upon John, nor was it something that only pertained to Jesus. There is a sense of corporate need.

Where was it that the Jews normally went to confess their sins? They went to the temple, taking along a sacrifice as mandated by the law. Who did they go to? They went to the priests who ministered the law before God. The system was designed for this by God, and it was brought forth through the hand of Moses.

Along with any individual confessions of sin, there were various sacrifices each day, month, and annually. On the Day of Atonement, all the people were to refrain from work and to afflict their souls. There is nothing in the law that says, “When the Messiah comes, He will be exempt from the statutes, rules, and ordinances of this law.”

John was called as a prophet, but he was also called to have the people turn from their wicked ways and redirect their lives. Rote observance of the rituals of the temple did not change the inner man. However, they were required by law and the people were to submit to them. These were all ministered by the priests. John was of the priestly class, being a son of Zechariah.

If Jesus was required to observe the rituals of the law, and if God had called John to supplement those rituals with the people’s inward reconsideration of their ways along with an outward demonstration of that reconsideration, meaning immersion, then it was right for Jesus to submit to this ordinance as well.

On the Day of Atonement, He had no need for atonement, but being born under the law, He had a need to observe the day accordingly. With John’s immersion, the same need existed to fulfill all righteousness, meaning those things which God had ordained.

A true prophet of God under the law called forth the will of God in accordance with the law. Jesus understood this and He has informed John that He acknowledges John’s authority and position, including his status as a priest who administers before God in relation to the sins of the people, even if they had not committed a particular sin or any sin at all.

To understand this more fully, Leviticus 4:13 begins the section of corporate guilt by the congregation –

“Now if the whole congregation of Israel sins unintentionally, and the thing is hidden from the eyes of the assembly, and they have done something against any of the commandments of the Lord in anything which should not be done, and are guilty.” Leviticus 4:13

Israel was a corporate body as well as a nation of individuals. Jesus could not disassociate Himself from the nation’s corporate guilt just because He was the Messiah. All righteousness demanded that Jesus enter into John’s baptism regardless of His personal state before God.

As for the word prepó, translated as “fitting,” HELPS Word Studies defines it, saying it “refers to acting appropriately in a particular situation, i.e. as it is seemly to God and therefore ‘conspicuous amongst others; hence eminent, distinguished. . . seemly fit.’”

Jesus is identifying Himself as a person of Israel, born under the law and who was required to observe the law, just as any other Israelite was required to do. Whether John fully grasped everything Jesus’ words meant or not, it next says, “Then he permits Him.”

John submitted to Jesus’ submission. Thus, as a member of the priestly class of the law and also the prophet called to return Israel to the right road before God, his immersion included conducting that rite on the One who Created Him, gave Moses the law, and who would fulfill that same law. Astonishing.

Life application: Jesus. All hail the name of Jesus!

Heavenly Father, we come today to hail the great and exalted name of Jesus Christ our Lord. Hallelujah and Amen.

 

Matthew 3:14

In each Florida oak is an entire ecosystem of epiphytes, also known as tillandsias or air plants.
In this photo, there are probably a thousand, from very small to as big as a basketball.

Saturday, 7 September 2024

And John tried to prevent Him, saying, “I need to be baptized by You, and are You coming to me?” Matthew 3:14

Note: You can listen to today’s commentary courtesy of our friends at “Bible in Ten” podcast. (Click Here to listen)

You can also read this commentary, scrolling with music, courtesy of our friends at “Discern the Bible” on YouTube. (Click Here to listen), or at Rumble (Click Here to listen).

“And John, he thoroughly hindered Him, saying, ‘I, I have need by You to be immersed, and You, You come unto me?’” (CG).

The previous verse noted that Jesus came from Galilee upon the Jordan to be immersed by John. Now, John’s surprised reaction to this is noted, beginning with, “And John, he thoroughly hinders Him.”

The word is found only here in the New Testament, diakóluó. It is derived from dia, through, and kóluó, to hinder. Thus, it signifies to thoroughly hinder. John was completely adamant that this was the wrong thing to do. The verb, being imperfect, gives the sense of something continuing in the past rather than an event.

As such, John realized that Jesus’ life was already one of living properly before the Lord. This doesn’t mean that he knew Jesus was the Messiah. John 1 dispels that notion –

“And John bore witness, saying, ‘I saw the Spirit descending from heaven like a dove, and He remained upon Him. 33 I did not know Him, but He who sent me to baptize with water said to me, “Upon whom you see the Spirit descending, and remaining on Him, this is He who baptizes with the Holy Spirit.” 34 And I have seen and testified that this is the Son of God.’” John 1:32-34

Rather, at this point, it might be like an associate pastor calling for people in the church to come forward and return their lives wholly to the Lord. When he does this, the lead pastor comes forward. The associate pastor might then say, “How can this be? I have observed him, and he is the epitome of piety.” That is seen in the next words where he was “saying, ‘I, I have need by You to be immersed.’”

John recognized Jesus’ life as one that was lived in a godly and upright manner. Being cousins, he probably saw this many times at annual festivals or other times when the extended family gathered. Because of this, he understood that Jesus had a greater right to immerse him than he had to immerse Jesus. And yet, he continues with, “and You, You come unto me?”

John, despite being the prophet of the Lord, realized his unworthiness. He was just a man, born of Adam and thus with sin. Within this great body of humanity, one can recognize greater or lesser piety and righteousness in others. When we see someone obviously more attuned to God and His ways, we do not have to consider them as the Messiah. Rather, we understand that the person’s life is one that is simply closer to God than ours is.

Such an understanding concerning Jesus by John fully explains the seeming conflict between this account and that of John. It was not until Jesus is actually baptized that John will realize why his cousin was such a godly person all along.

Life application: Paul says in Romans 3 –

“There is none righteous, no, not one;
11 There is none who understands;
There is none who seeks after God.
12 They have all turned aside;
They have together become unprofitable;
There is none who does good, no, not one.”
13 “Their throat is an open tomb;
With their tongues they have practiced deceit”;
“The poison of asps is under their lips”;
14 “Whose mouth is full of cursing and bitterness.”
15 “Their feet are swift to shed blood;
16 Destruction and misery are in their ways;
17 And the way of peace they have not known.”
18 “There is no fear of God before their eyes.” Romans 3:10-18

It has been noted in previous commentaries that the terms “good,” “righteous,” etc. are applied to people in the New Testament. Paul cites the psalms, specifically Psalm 14 and Psalm 53, where David applies those words to a person who says that there is no God. It cannot be an all-encompassing statement concerning every person because it says this in 2 Samuel 18 –

“Then the watchman saw another man running, and the watchman called to the gatekeeper and said, ‘There is another man, running alone!’
And the king said, ‘He also brings news.’
27 So the watchman said, ‘I think the running of the first is like the running of Ahimaaz the son of Zadok.’
And the king said, ‘He is a good man, and comes with good news.’” 2 Samuel 18:26, 27

Therefore, it would be contradictory for David to say this particular man is good, and then make an all-encompassing statement about nobody being good everyone in the psalms. And such, he did not do. His words about there being none good must be taken in the context of the surrounding thoughts. Likewise, Paul did not rip the words of David out of their context to make an all-encompassing thought either.

Instead, words are used to convey meaning. Words such as good, righteous, just, etc. are used comparatively in Scripture. Ultimately, there is none “good” in relation to God. However, in comparison to others, we can and do make value judgments based on goodness, even if our standard of judging is biased or skewed.

John saw Jesus and knew that He was more righteous than he. Until God revealed to Him why this was so, he was just making a comparative analysis of his life in relation to that of his cousin. However, once he baptized Jesus, he came to realize the full scope of the goodness of who Jesus truly is.

For each of us, we must decide who we will trust to restore us to God. If we are trusting in ourselves and the things we do, we will never find that restoration. But when we behold and receive the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world, our restoration will be realized. Be sure to choose wisely. Choose Jesus. He is truly the epitome of good because He is the God/Man.

Lord God Almighty, when we see the world around us, we observe people who each have their own flaws and failings. We may recognize goodness in them, but there is always something lacking because we are all sons of Adam, born of fallen fathers. But when we behold Jesus, we behold the Son of God. He alone is perfectly good in His being. May we not fail to come to Him for our reconciliation and restoration. Thank You, O God, for Jesus! Amen.