Genesis 10,21-32 (Die Völkertafel Teil 3 – die Söhne von Sem)

Genesis 10,21-32 (Die Völkertafel Teil 3 – die Söhne von Sem)

In einer der ersten Predigten, die ich je gehalten habe, habe ich das Vorwort der „Gideon’s New Testament Bible“ zitiert. Es ist gut, von Zeit zu Zeit daran erinnert zu werden, und deshalb möchte ich es heute noch einmal zitieren. Achte darauf, wie der anonyme Autor die Bibel und ihre Bedeutung für uns so feinfühlig und doch treffend beschreibt –

„Die Bibel enthält die Gedanken Gottes, den Zustand des Menschen, den Weg des Heils, das Verhängnis der Sünder und das Glück der Gläubigen. Ihre Lehren sind heilig, ihre Gebote sind verbindlich, ihre Geschichten sind wahr und ihre Entscheidungen sind unumstößlich. Lies sie, um weise zu sein, glaube sie, um sicher zu sein, und praktiziere sie, um heilig zu sein. Sie enthält Licht, um dich zu leiten, Nahrung, um dich zu unterstützen, und Trost, um dich aufzumuntern. Es ist die Karte des Reisenden, der Stab des Pilgers, der Kompass des Piloten, das Schwert des Soldaten und die Charta des Christen. Hier wird das Paradies wiederhergestellt, der Himmel geöffnet und die Pforten der Hölle aufgedeckt. Christus ist das große Thema, unser Wohl ist das Ziel und die Herrlichkeit Gottes ist der Zweck. Sie sollte das Gedächtnis füllen, das Herz beherrschen und die Füße leiten. Lies sie langsam, häufig und unter Gebet. Es ist eine Fundgrube des Reichtums, ein Paradies der Herrlichkeit und ein Fluss der Freude. Ihr Inhalt wird dir im Leben gegeben, wird beim Gericht geöffnet und bleibt für immer in Erinnerung. Dieses Buch bringt die höchste Verantwortung mit sich, wird die größte Mühe belohnen und wird alle verurteilen, die sich an seinem heiligen Inhalt vergreifen.“

Wunderschöne Worte, die von einer kontemplativen Seele stammen. Einer, die die Größe des Wortes Gottes und die Tiefe, in die es eindringt, klar erkannt hat… den wahren Geist Gottes und das wahre Herz Christi.

Einleitung:

Ich habe mich entschlossen, dies heute zu zitieren, weil die Bibel verschiedene Dinge offenbart, die uns zu verschiedenen Zeiten unseres Lebens auf unserem Weg beeinflussen können. Sie ist mit vielen wichtigen Themenbereichen gefüllt, und einer davon ist einer, an dem alle Christen festhalten sollten. Und das ist natürlich das große Thema, Jesus Christus.

Von den ersten Worten der Bibel bis hin zum letzten Satz steht Jesus Christus im Mittelpunkt. Er ist das Zentrum und der Mittelpunkt unseres Glaubens und Er ist derjenige, der uns den unsichtbaren Schöpfer offenbart.

Wenn wir die Geschichten der Bibel durchgehen, gibt es bestimmte Arten, wie Gott sich offenbart. Wenn wir während unseres Studiums nach diesen verschiedenen Schlüsseln Ausschau halten, können wir sehen, wie er jeden neuen Abschnitt, der uns begegnet, öffnet.

Ich nenne das “progressive Offenbarung”. Mit anderen Worten: Gott offenbart sich schrittweise und prägnant auf eine Weise, die selbst komplexe Sachverhalte verständlich macht.

Schritt für Schritt begeben wir uns auf eine Reise, wenn wir die Bibel lesen, und so wie wir eine Tür nach der anderen öffnen, um der mittleren Kammer eines Gebäudes immer näher zu kommen, so öffnen wir beim Lesen der Bibel eine Tür nach der anderen, bis wir das Herz Gottes und die innersten Vorgänge in Seinem Geist erreichen.

In dieser fortschreitenden Offenbarung gibt es eine besondere Art und Weise, wie Gott Sein Tun konkretisiert und uns zu Jesus Christus führt. Ich bin einige Predigtnotizen eines Mannes namens Ray Stedman durchgegangen, und er hat einen Begriff verwendet, der einen bestimmten Weg der Offenbarung sehr schön zusammenfasst, und deshalb übernehme ich ihn gerne in meine eigene Ausdrucksweise.

Er nennt es “Gottes Trichter”. Wie du sicher weißt, wird ein Trichter verwendet, um den Weg einer Flüssigkeit, eines Pulvers, von Kieselsteinen oder Sand oder was auch immer zu verengen. Mit einem Trichter lenkt man etwas, das breit und unhandlich ist, in eine bestimmte und sichere Bahn.

Gott benutzt in weiten Teilen des Alten Testaments ein trichterförmiges Muster, um unsere Aufmerksamkeit auf ein bestimmtes Ereignis und eine bestimmte Person in der menschlichen Geschichte zu lenken.

Auf dem Weg dorthin zweigt er immer wieder von der Hauptgeschichte ab, wie zum Beispiel in Genesis 4, als Kain und sein Geschlecht erwähnt werden. Aber nach den Abzweigungen kehrt die Geschichte zum Hauptstrang zurück und geht weiter… den Trichter hinunter.

Mit der Sintflut ließen wir die alte Welt hinter uns und begannen das neue Abenteuer mit Noah und seinen drei Söhnen – Sem, Ham und Japheth. Dann ging die Geschichte in einen Zweig über das, was Ham seinem Vater angetan hat, und dann zu Noah, der einen Fluch und Segen aussprach.

Danach kamen wir hier zu Kapitel 10 und haben über zwei Zweige gelesen, Japheth und dann Ham. Jetzt kehrt Gott mit Noahs zweitem Sohn, Sem, zum Trichter zurück.

Erinnere dich an diese Art von Muster, wenn du die Bibel liest, und du wirst sehen, wie Zweige erwähnt werden, wenn sie sich irgendwie auf den Trichter auswirken, und dann wird zum Trichter zurückgekehrt. Schließlich wird der Trichter zu König David und Gottes Verheißung an ihn über ein ewiges Königtum durch einen seiner Nachkommen führen, eine Verheißung, die unseren heutigen Textvers bildet.

Textvers:

„Wenn deine Zeit abgelaufen ist und du gestorben bist, werde ich dir einen deiner eigenen Nachkommen auf dem Thron folgen lassen und seine Herrschaft festigen. Der wird dann ein Haus für meinen Namen bauen. Und seinem Königtum werde ich ewigen Bestand geben. Ich werde sein Vater sein, und er soll mir Sohn sein. Wenn er Unrecht begeht, werde ich ihn mit menschlicher Rute und auf menschliche Weise züchtigen. Aber meine Gnade entziehe ich ihm nicht, wie ich sie Saul entzog, den ich vor dir beseitigt habe. Dein Königshaus und deine Königsherrschaft sollen für immer vor mir Bestand haben. Dein Thron steht fest auf ewig.“
Samuel 7,12-16

Möge Gott heute durch Sein Wort zu uns sprechen, und möge Sein glorreicher Name immer gepriesen werden.

I. Gepriesen sei der HERR

Der Trichter, der zu Jesus führt, begann bei Adam, ging dann über seinen Sohn Seth, und wir sind ihm bis zu Noah gefolgt, und jetzt wird er sich wieder zu Sem verengen. Als Noah seinen Fluch und seinen Segen aussprach, war es Sem, der den geistlichen Segen und den Vorrang vor dem Rest von Noahs Nachkommenschaft erhielt.

„Verflucht sei Kanaan! Ein Knecht der Knechte sei er seinen Brüdern!“ Und weiter sprach er: „Gepriesen sei der Herr, der Gott Sems, und Kanaan sei sein Knecht! Gott breite Japhet aus und lasse ihn wohnen in den Zelten Sems, und Kanaan sei sein Knecht!“
Genesis 9,26-27

In einer früheren Predigt haben wir gesehen, wie Noahs Worte hier in jedem Fall wahr geworden sind. Und es ist die Linie von Sem, die zu Abraham, Isaak, Jakob, Juda und dann zu David führt. Der Trichter verengt sich, und bei jedem Schritt kommen Zweige hinzu und verschwinden wieder, aber die Hauptlinie bleibt immer erhalten.

Warum sind diese Informationen so wichtig und wie nehmen wir sie auf? Was ist der Sinn dieser Vorgehensweise? Ich denke, die Frage, die wir uns stellen könnten, lautet: “Wählt Gott willkürlich Menschen aus und lehnt andere ab … zeigt er Bevorzugung, wenn Er Seinen Trichter verengt?

Die Antwort ist nicht so einfach wie ein Ja oder ein Nein. Gott hat einen Plan, die Welt mit sich selbst zu versöhnen, und Er tut es durch echte Menschen, die wirklich gelebt haben. Aber auf dem Weg dorthin gibt Er uns Einblicke in den menschlichen Zustand und in das, was Ihm gefällt und was Ihm nicht gefällt.

Wenn wir zum Buch Rut kommen, werden wir eine Geschichte über eine echte menschliche Familie sehen, die echte Tragödien und echte Freuden erlebt. Eine der Hauptfiguren des Buches, Rut, steht außerhalb des Stammbaums Israels, und doch wird sie in diesen hineingebracht und wird schließlich eine Vorfahrin von Jesus.

Gab es in ihrem Fall also eine Bevorzugung? Nein. Es gab eine Antwort auf den Glauben, genauso wie es eine Antwort auf Abels Glauben gab und eine Ablehnung von Kain, der keinen Glauben hatte. Gleichzeitig gibt es auch in der Bibel eine Art von Bevorzugung von Menschen.

Sobald Gott seinen Bund mit einer Gruppe von Menschen, wie den Söhnen Israels, geschlossen hat, haben sie Anteil an den Segnungen dieses Bundes, unabhängig davon, ob sie individuell gläubig sind oder nicht. Der Regen fiel auf die ungehorsamen Söhne Israels und bewässerte ihre Ernten genauso wie auf die gehorsamen Söhne. Ebenso würden die Ungehorsamen oft denselben Schutz erhalten wie die Gehorsamen.

Heute gibt es in Israel Menschen, die sich auf Jesus berufen haben, und solche, die es nicht getan haben. Einige von ihnen werden es tun, andere werden es nicht tun. Aber Gott hat sie alle in ihr Land zurückgebracht und sie alle profitieren von Seiner Gnade. Im physischen Sinne scheint Gott also eine Bevorzugung zu zeigen, aber im geistlichen Sinne muss jeder einzeln zu Ihm kommen, durch den Glauben.

Aber stell dir vor, es ist für alle Menschen auf der Erde dasselbe. Keiner von uns verdient es, überhaupt geboren zu werden. Manche von uns werden in netten Familien geboren und manche in schlechten. Einige von uns werden an einem schönen Ort wie Siesta Key geboren und andere an Orten wie Nowheres’ville, USA. Die Welt mag willkürlich und ungerecht erscheinen, aber der Prediger sagt: –

„Wieder sah ich, wie es unter der Sonne zugeht. Nicht die Schnellen gewinnen den Lauf und nicht die Helden den Kampf, auch nicht die Weisen das Brot, die Klugen den Reichtum und die Einsichtigen Gunst. Denn Zeit und Zufall trifft sie alle. Außerdem kennt der Mensch nicht seine Zeit. Wie die Fische ins tückische Netz geraten, die Vögel in der Falle gefangen werden, so verstricken sich die Menschen zur Zeit des Unglücks, wenn es plötzlich über sie kommt.“
Prediger 9,11+12

Zeit und Zufall… das ist es, wo wir stehen, auch wenn diese Zeit und dieser Zufall von Gott gelenkt wird. Mit anderen Worten: Die auserwählte Linie, der Trichter Gottes, der nach Israel führt, ist ein Mikrokosmos der Welt im Allgemeinen.

Ob Jude oder Nichtjude, wenn wir uns Gott nicht durch den Glauben nähern, haben wir letztlich keinen wirklichen Anteil oder kein Erbe in Ihm, sondern nur die vorübergehenden irdischen Segnungen, die mit dem Tod vergehen. Paulus erklärt dies im Galaterbrief und benutzt Abraham, den Mann des Glaubens, als ein Beispiel für diesen Glauben, der zu Gunst führt.

„Denn durch den Glauben an Jesus Christus seid ihr mündige Kinder Gottes geworden. Denn ihr alle, soweit ihr in Christus hineingetaucht worden seid, seid ja mit Christus bekleidet. Da gibt es keine Juden oder Nichtjuden mehr, Sklaven oder Freie, Männer oder Frauen, denn durch eure Verbindung mit Jesus Christus seid ihr alle zu Einem geworden. Wenn ihr aber Christus gehört, seid ihr Abrahams Nachkommen und habt Anspruch auf das zugesagte Erbe.“
Galater 3,26-29

II. Von Sem bis Eber

In Kapitel 9 haben wir uns diesen Vers angesehen –

Die Söhne Noahs, die aus der Arche gingen, waren Sem, Ham und Japheth. Und Ham war der Vater von Kanaan. Diese drei waren die Söhne Noahs, und von ihnen wurde die ganze Erde bevölkert.
Genesis 9,18-19

Als wir dort waren, bat ich dich, den Teil zu beachten, in dem es heißt: “Ham war der Vater von Kanaan”. Bis zu diesem Zeitpunkt war niemand mit dem Namen Kanaan erwähnt worden, und so bekamen wir einen Hinweis darauf, dass er später in der Bibel ein zentraler Punkt werden würde.

Wir werden das Gleiche noch einmal erleben –

21 Auch Sem wurden Kinder geboren, ihm, dem Vater aller Söhne Ebers, dem älteren Bruder Japhets.

In der Völkertafel wurde die Linie von Japheth und Ham behandelt. Nun wendet sie sich Sem zu, dem Sohn mit dem geistlichen Segen, der von Noah kam, und der Linie, die Teil von Gottes Trichter ist. Und das erste, was wir in dieser von Gott erwählten Linie von Sem sehen, ist die Erwähnung von Eber – der bis zu diesem Punkt überhaupt nicht erwähnt wurde.

So ungewöhnlich es auch erscheinen mag, Eber ist eigentlich der Ururenkel Sems. Und trotzdem wird er zur gleichen Zeit wie die Söhne Sems erwähnt – einer von 70 Namen, die in der Völkertafel stehen.

Diesem Schlüssel folgend können wir feststellen, dass Eber wieder erwähnt wird und dass er in der Geschichte eine Bedeutung haben wird, da Gottes Trichter auf Christus gerichtet ist. Eber bedeutet “jenseits” oder als Verb: „passieren“ oder „überqueren“. Dieser Name wird später in der Bibel wichtig werden.

In dem Vers, den wir gerade lesen, heißt es auch, dass Sem “der Bruder von Jafet, dem Älteren” ist. Eine Sache, die ich bei Bibelstudien empfehle, ist, die Leute verschiedene Übersetzungen mitbringen zu lassen, und wenn sie einen Unterschied zu dem, was vorgelesen wird, bemerken, sollten sie ihn benennen.

In diesem Vers heißt es in der NASB: “Auch Sem, dem Vater aller Kinder Ebers und dem älteren Bruder Japheths, wurden Kinder geboren.” Das ist eine falsche Übersetzung, denn Sem ist jünger, nicht älter als Japheth. Achte auf die Details…

In Genesis 11 heißt es, dass Sem nach der Flut 102 Jahre alt war. Noah hatte seinen ersten Sohn mit 500 Jahren und die Flut dauerte nur ein Jahr. Das bedeutet, dass der Erstgeborene Japheth war. Kleinigkeiten wie diese mögen unwichtig erscheinen, aber das sind sie nicht, wenn wir uns ansehen, wie und warum die Dinge in der Bibel geschehen.

Der Unterschied, ob Sem der Erstgeborene ist oder nicht, ist wichtig, weil er unter die Lehre der göttlichen Erwählung fällt. Gott hat den Erstgeborenen übergangen, um Seinen Trichter durch Seine auserwählte Linie fortzusetzen, unabhängig von der Reihenfolge der Geburt.

22 Die Söhne Sems waren Elam, Assur, Arpachschad, Lud und Aram.

Sem bedeutet “Name” oder “Ruhm”. Er ist der Vater aller semitischen Völker der Welt. Dazu gehören heute Juden, Araber und andere. Wenn wir den Begriff Antisemitismus hören, wird er in der Regel auf jüdische Menschen angewendet, aber er ist viel umfassender als das.

Nach Sem werden in der Bibel seine fünf Söhne erwähnt. Der erste von ihnen ist Elam, was “Ewigkeit” bedeutet. Seine Linie hat zu den Elamiten und Persern der heutigen Welt geführt.

Asshur wird als nächstes erwähnt. Sein Name bedeutet “ein Schritt” oder “stark” und er hat zu den Assyrern und Nordirakern des Nahen Ostens geführt.

Der nächste Sohn ist Arpachschad, was so viel bedeutet wie “Ich werde versagen wie die Brust”. Seine Nachkommen wurden zu den im Alten Testament erwähnten Chaldäern, den Südirakern, den Hebräern, Moabitern, Jordaniern und anderen Bevölkerungsgruppen in diesem Gebiet.

Der vierte erwähnte Sohn ist Lud, was “Streit” bedeutet. Sie sind einige der Gruppen in Kleinasien und Nordafrika geworden.

Und der letzte Sohn, der hier erwähnt wird, ist Aram, was “erhaben” bedeutet. Sie sind das Volk um Syrien, den Libanon und einige andere Orte im Nahen Osten, Afrika usw.

Alle diese Menschen stammen von Sem ab und sind auch heute noch auf der Weltbühne sehr aktiv. Von Sem stammen die drei großen monotheistischen Religionen der Welt ab – das Christentum, das Judentum und der Islam.

23 Arams Söhne hießen Uz, Hul, Geter und Masch.

In 1. Chronik 1,17 werden diese vier Söhne von Aram als Söhne von Sem aufgeführt. Einer der Söhne, Uz, ist sicherlich ein Vorfahre von Hiob aus dem Buch Hiob, denn in Hiob 1,1 lesen wir dies –

„Es war ein Mann im Land Uz, der hieß Hiob; der war ein untadeliger und rechtschaffener Mann, der Gott fürchtete und das Böse mied.“
Hiob 1,1

Es ist nicht mit Sicherheit bekannt, wer das Buch Hiob geschrieben hat, aber wenn es von ihm oder jemandem aus seinem Stamm geschrieben wurde, dann ist es ein seltenes Werk in der Bibel, denn dieses Buch und nur ein paar andere wurden von Nicht-Juden geschrieben.

Wir wissen, dass Lukas kein Jude war, und doch hat er sowohl das Lukasevangelium als auch die Apostelgeschichte geschrieben. Diese beiden Bücher machen fast ein Drittel des Neuen Testaments aus, was seine Schriften außergewöhnlich macht.

Damit du weißt, woran du erkennen kannst, dass Lukas kein Jude war, gibt Paulus in Kapitel 4 des Kolosserbriefs eine Liste von Personen an und sagt dann Folgendes –

„…und Jesus, der Justus genannt wird, die aus der Beschneidung sind. Diese allein sind meine Mitarbeiter für das Reich Gottes, die mir zum Trost geworden sind.“
Kolosser 4,11

Erst nachdem er dies gesagt hat, erwähnt er Lukas und andere, was bedeutet, dass Lukas nicht zur Beschneidung gehörte, also kein Jude war.

III. Die Völker Sems

24 Arpachschad war der Vater von Schelach und Schelach der Vater von Eber.

Hier werden wir nun sehen, wo Gottes Trichter von Sem zu seinem Sohn Arphaxad und dann die Linie hinunter führt. Zuerst wurden die Söhne Sems erwähnt und danach kam der Nebenzweig, nämlich die Söhne von Sems Sohn Aram. Sie wurden ausdrücklich erwähnt, weil die Söhne Arams auf den späteren Seiten der Bibel eine große Rolle spielen, da sie mit der auserwählten Linie Israels interagieren.

25 Eber wurden zwei Söhne geboren. Der eine hieß Peleg, Teilung, weil zu seiner Zeit die Erde geteilt wurde, und der andere Joktan.

Wir halten bei diesem Vers an, um einen der Söhne Ebers zu erwähnen, nämlich Peleg. Im Gegensatz zu den anderen Namen in diesem Bericht wird Peleg mit einer spezifischen Information erwähnt – “denn in seinen Tagen wurde die Erde geteilt.” Das muss einen Grund haben, und der Grund kann nur eines bedeuten. Schauen wir uns ein paar Möglichkeiten an und sehen wir, welche richtig ist.

Die erste ist, dass die Erde geteilt wurde, d.h. die physische Erde und die Kontinente. Dies ist eine sehr populäre Ansicht über Peleg. Du hast sicher schon von der Kontinentalverschiebung gehört. Diese Ansicht wird von vielen Menschen vertreten, die sagen, dass es das ist, was hier gemeint ist. Die Landmassen teilten sich und die Menschen wurden entsprechend getrennt.

Für diese Ansicht spricht, dass Peleg im Hebräischen “Teilung” bedeutet, im Griechischen aber “Meer”. Daraus leitet sich das Wort Archipel ab. Die Griechen nannten das Ägäische Meer “Archipel” oder das erste Meer und leiteten den Namen von diesem Mann, Peleg, ab.

Die zweite Möglichkeit ist, dass die Erde nach Menschengruppen und nicht nach geografischen Gesichtspunkten aufgeteilt wurde. Was ist richtig und können wir das wirklich sagen? Peleg ist der Ur-Ur-Ur-Enkel Sems und wurde 100 Jahre nach der Sintflut geboren, also im Jahr 1758 Anno Mundi.

Wir wissen dies aus dem Bericht in Genesis Kapitel 11, in dem die Generationen von Sem aufgezeichnet werden. Zwischen Kapitel 10 und dem Stammbaum Sems liegt jedoch der Turmbau zu Babel, den wir nächste Woche betrachten werden. Dieser Bericht ist speziell dort platziert, um uns die Aufteilung der Menschen nach Sprachen zu zeigen.

Mit anderen Worten, die Teilung der Erde, als Peleg erwähnt wird, spricht von der Aufteilung in einzelne Sprachen, und das ist der Grund, warum die Berichte in der Reihenfolge stehen, in der sie stehen. Auch hier offenbart uns Gott nach und nach, was geschieht und warum.

Der Turmbau zu Babel fand zu Pelegs Lebzeiten statt, und die Völker der Erde wurden damals entsprechend geteilt. Peleg bedeutet “Teilung” und der Name seines Bruders Joktan bedeutet “klein”.

26 Und Joktan zeugte Almodad, Scheleph, Hazarmawet und Jerach,
27 Hadoram, Usal und Dikla,
28 Obal, Abimael und Scheba,
29 Ophir, Hawila und Jobab; alle diese sind Söhne Joktans.
30 Und ihre Wohnsitze erstreckten sich von Mescha an, bis man nach Sephar kommt, zum östlichen Gebirge. 

Diese Menschen sind östlich des Landes Israel zu finden. Sie siedelten in Arabien, im Jemen und sogar entlang des Indischen Ozeans bis nach Indien. Letzte Woche haben wir von Scheba und Dedan, den Söhnen Hams, gehört. In diesem Vers heute hören wir von einer anderen Scheba.

Es ist nicht hundertprozentig sicher, wer der Vorfahre der berühmten Königin von Scheba ist, die Salomo besuchte. Es könnte sein, dass der Name aufgrund der Vermischung zwischen den Linien von Sem und Ham hier als Nachfahre der anderen Scheba wiederverwendet wird.

31 Das sind die Söhne Sems nach ihren Sippen und Sprachen, in ihren Ländern und Völkerschaften.

Vorhin habe ich gesagt, dass die Linie Sems in Kapitel 11 wieder auftauchen wird. Damit soll der Trichter Gottes gezeigt werden, der von Sem hinunter zu Abraham, dem Mann des Glaubens, führt. Er wird das Beispiel für die Rechtfertigung durch den Glauben nach den Schriften des Paulus sein.

Gott hat durch die Zeit und die Geschichte gewirkt und langsam Seinen wunderbaren Plan entfaltet, und wir überspringen oder übergehen schnell jeden Schritt zu unserem eigenen großen Verlust. Selbst mit den vielen Details, die wir uns angesehen haben, haben wir die riesige Menge an Informationen über diese vielen Menschen in Genesis Kapitel 10 nur gestreift.

Trotzdem sind wir jetzt beim letzten Vers des Kapitels und beim letzten Vers für den heutigen Tag –

32 Das sind die Sippen der Söhne Noahs nach ihrer Abstammung in ihren Völkern; und von ihnen haben sich nach der Sintflut die Völker auf der Erde verteilt.

Noah taucht in Genesis 5,29 auf, und hier ist nun das letzte Mal, dass wir von ihm hören, bis er viel später in der Bibel in kurzen Berichten erwähnt wird. Er hat seine Zeit abgesessen und verschwindet nun still und leise von der Bildfläche in einem Vers, der eher von seinen Söhnen als von ihm selbst handelt.

Er wird im Buch der 1. Chronik, bei Jesaja und Hesekiel und dann bei Jesus, dann dem Autor des Hebräerbriefs und bei Petrus erwähnt. Noah war ein Mann des Glaubens und ein treuer Mann, und er wird von Gott in Seinem Wort als solcher gewürdigt.

Letztendlich ist die Lektion von Noah eine, die wir uns alle zu Herzen nehmen sollten. Gott liebt die Menschen auf der Welt und Er wird sich sorgfältig und zärtlich um sie kümmern, wenn sie Ihn treu anrufen und Ihm für ihre Sicherheit und Rettung vertrauen.

Von Noah bis zur Erwähnung seiner Söhne sehen wir einen Übergang und in diesem Übergang liegt eine Teilung der Welt. Alle Menschen stammen von Noah ab, und von ihm nehmen wir einen von drei Wegen – durch Sem, den geistlichen Sohn, durch Ham, den Sohn der physischen Leistung, oder durch Japheth, den intellektuellen Sohn.

Nun möchte ich mich den Schriften von Ray Stedman zuwenden und seine Überlegungen zu diesen drei Themen zitieren und darlegen, wie sie sich auf uns als Einzelpersonen und Mitglieder der menschlichen Rasse beziehen. Eine Rasse von Menschen, die nach Gottes Bild und zu Seiner Ehre geschaffen wurde –

“Es gibt drei Bereiche der Menschheit, so wie es drei Bereiche im Menschen, in euch, gibt. Jede dieser Abteilungen ist dafür verantwortlich, eines der Grundbedürfnisse des Menschen zu befriedigen – geistlich, körperlich und intellektuell. In jedem von uns finden sich diese drei Bereiche wieder. Jeder von uns hat die Fähigkeit zu beten, jeder von uns hat die Fähigkeit zu denken und jeder von uns hat die Fähigkeit zu schaffen. Dies sind die Dinge, die uns von den Tieren unterscheiden. Dies ist das Bild Gottes im Menschen.

Jedes von ihnen muss in perfektem Gleichgewicht gehalten werden. Die Welt befindet sich in einem Zustand der Verwirrung, Unsicherheit und Verzweiflung, weil das von Gott gewollte Gleichgewicht unerfüllt geblieben ist. So befindest du dich in deinem individuellen Leben in einem Zustand der Verwirrung, Verzweiflung, Frustration, Schwäche oder was auch immer es sein mag, weil du es versäumt hast, die dreifachen Fähigkeiten deiner eigenen Natur zu erfüllen. Das kannst du nur tun, wenn du sie in vollkommener Harmonie miteinander hältst.

Es ist falsch, den Menschen als grundlegend geistlich zu betrachten. Er ist auch intellektuell und körperlich. Es ist falsch, ihn als im Wesentlichen körperlich zu betrachten und die sportlichen Fähigkeiten unter Vernachlässigung der anderen zu entwickeln; er ist auch geistlich und intellektuell. Interessant ist, dass in der Bibel das Intellektuelle an letzter Stelle steht. Wenn die Reihenfolge der Schrift sowohl für den Einzelnen als auch für die Rasse gilt, dann ist auch die Reihenfolge in uns Sem, Ham und Japheth. Erst das Geistliche, dann das Körperliche, dann das Intellektuelle.

In dieser Ordnung findet die Menschheit ihre vollständige Erfüllung. Wenn wir uns selbst verstehen, werden wir auch die Welt um uns herum verstehen. Die Herrlichkeit des Evangeliums besteht darin, dass es sich genau unter diesen Bedingungen an die Menschheit wendet. Wir finden uns selbst in der Erfüllung, in der Begeisterung, in einem dramatischen Gefühl, das zu sein, wozu wir bestimmt sind, wenn wir unser Leben Gott durch Jesus Christus öffnen und dies zu unserer ersten Priorität machen; dann entwickeln wir das physische Leben, kümmern uns um physische Bedürfnisse, physische Anforderungen; und indem diese beiden zusammenarbeiten, entwickeln wir den Intellekt zu einem Verständnis unserer selbst…”

Vielen Dank, Ray Stedman.

Nun, da wir am Ende des Berichts über Noah und die Tafel der Völker angelangt sind, möchte ich dir noch einmal einen Gesamtüberblick über den Fluch und den Segen Noahs geben. Das wurde mir klar, als ich eine frühere Predigt vorbereitete. Dadurch wird deutlich, wie sich diese Dinge buchstäblich auf den Seiten und im Layout der Bibel erfüllt haben.

Im Wesentlichen handelt es sich im Alten Testament um Informationen, die Gott dem jüdischen Volk gegeben hat. Obwohl die Genesis vor der Berufung Israels steht, ist sie Teil der Tora oder der fünf Bücher Mose, die am Berg Sinai empfangen wurden. Das ganze Alte Testament hindurch steht Israel im Mittelpunkt der Geschichte, die zu Jesus führt.

Und dann sehen wir in den ersten drei Evangelien, wie Jesus das Alte Testament stellvertretend für uns erfüllt. Mit anderen Worten: Was dort gesagt wird, ist unter dem Alten Testament geschrieben und richtet sich an das jüdische Volk, nicht an die Gemeinde. Erst in der Nacht der Kreuzigung hat Jesus den Neuen Bund in Seinem Blut begründet.

Im Neuen Testament bezeichnet Paulus die Gemeinde und unser Leben in Christus als “ein Geheimnis”, das zuvor nicht offenbart worden war. Das Johannesevangelium, obwohl es größtenteils unter den Begriffen des Alten Bundes geschrieben wurde, enthält eine Mischung aus Altem und Neuem Testament und bildet somit einen Übergang zum Verständnis von Christus und der Gemeinde.

Nach Johannes folgt die Apostelgeschichte, die diesen Übergang vervollständigt. Wo beginnt die Apostelgeschichte? In Jerusalem. Und wo endet sie? In Rom. Die ersten 12 Kapitel der Apostelgeschichte können mit dem Untertitel „Petrusgeschichte“ (Die Taten des Petrus) versehen werden, die Kapitel 13 bis 28 mit dem Untertitel „Paulusgeschichte“ (Die Taten des Paulus).

Ich werde dir einige Parallelen dazu aus der Apostelgeschichte zeigen. Gott hat diese Parallelen gesetzt, um uns den Übergang von Petrus, dem Judenapostel, zu Paulus, dem Heidenapostel, zu zeigen.

  1. Petrus’ Wirken begann durch den Heiligen Geist (2)
  2. Paulus’ Wirken begann durch den Heiligen Geist (13)

 

  1. Petrus wurde für betrunken gehalten und erklärt sich dann (2)
  2. Paulus wurde für verrückt gehalten und erklärt sich dann (26)

 

  1. Mit Petrus’ erster Predigt beginnt ein neuer Abschnitt des Buches (2)
  2. Mit Paulus’ erster Predigt beginnt ein neuer Abschnitt des Buches (13)

 

  1. Petrus hat eine Zeit der Arbeit, des Predigens und dann der Verfolgung (2-11)
  2. Paulus hat eine Zeit der Arbeit, des Predigens und dann der Verfolgung (13-19)

 

  1. Petrus hat Schwierigkeiten, nachdem er einen von Geburt an lahmen Mann geheilt hat (3)
  2. Paulus hat Schwierigkeiten, nachdem er einen von Geburt an lahmen Mann geheilt hat (14)

 

  1. Petrus sagt: “Silber und Gold habe ich nicht” (3)
  2. Paulus sagt: “Ich habe niemandes Silber oder Gold begehrt” (20)

 

  1. Der Schatten des Petrus heilt (5)
  2. Das Taschentuch des Paulus heilt (19)

 

  1. Petrus wird im Tempel verhaftet und zum Sanhedrin gebracht (4, 5)
  2. Paulus wird im Tempel verhaftet und vor den Sanhedrin gebracht (21-23)

 

  1. Petrus konfrontiert Simon, den Zauberer (8)
  2. Paulus konfrontiert Elymas, den Zauberer (13)

 

  1. Petrus treibt Dämonen aus (5)
  2. Paulus treibt Dämonen aus (16)

 

  1. Petrus weckt Tabitha von den Toten auf (9)
  2. Paulus weckt Eutychus von den Toten auf (20)

 

  1. Petrus legt die Hände auf, um den Geist zu empfangen (8)
  2. Paulus legt die Hände auf, um den Geist zu empfangen (19)

 

  1. Petrus betete an (10)
  2. Paulus betete an (14)

 

  1. Petrus wird inhaftiert und entkommt auf wundersame Weise (12)
  2. Paulus wird inhaftiert und entkommt auf wundersame Weise (16)

 

  1. Ein Engel stand Petrus zur Seite (12)
  2. Ein Engel stand Paulus zur Seite (27)

 

  1. Petrus wird durch eine Vision berufen, in Cäsarea zu predigen (10)
  2. Paulus wird durch eine Vision berufen, in Mazedonien zu predigen (16)

 

  1. Petrus’ Erfolg ruft jüdische Eifersucht hervor (5)
  2. Paulus’ Erfolg ruft jüdische Eifersucht hervor (13)

 

  1. Petrus heilt den bettlägerigen Aeneas (9)
  2. Paulus heilt den bettlägerigen Vater des Publius (28)

 

  1. Petrus ordiniert Diakone (6)
  2. Paulus ordiniert Älteste (14)

 

  1. Petrus ist ” erfüllt mit dem Geist ” (4)
  2. Paulus ist “erfüllt mit dem Geist” (13)

 

Neben diesen vielen Parallelen sagt Paulus in seinen Schriften viermal, dass er der Apostel für die Heiden ist, und zweimal, dass Petrus der Apostel für die Juden ist.

Gleich nach der Apostelgeschichte ist der erste Brief der Römerbrief. Der Staffelstab wird von Sem an Japheth weitergegeben, der ihn 2000 Jahre lang tragen wird, während Israel für die Ablehnung seines Messias bestraft wird. Der letzte von Paulus unterzeichnete Brief ist Philemon, auf den wiederum… der Hebräerbrief folgt.

Der Brief ist an das hebräische Volk gerichtet. Danach folgt Jakobus, der an die 12 verstreuten Stämme – das jüdische Volk – geschrieben ist. Unmittelbar nach Jakobus folgen die beiden Briefe des Petrus, der an “die Pilger in der Zerstreuung” schreibt. Er schreibt sogar von Rom aus, wo die Apostelgeschichte aufhört.

Nach diesen Briefen werden die drei Briefe des Johannes vorgestellt, die dem gleichen Muster folgen wie sein Evangelium – eine Mischung aus alttestamentlichen und neutestamentlichen Konzepten, die einen Übergang zum Verständnis von Christus und der Gemeinde bilden.

Danach folgt der Judasbrief, der fast eine Zusammenfassung des 2. Petrusbriefes ist und der über die gleichen Themen spricht. Schließlich das Buch der Offenbarung, das in den ersten drei Kapiteln an die Gemeinde und in den Kapiteln 4-19 an Israel gerichtet ist.

Ab dem Zeitpunkt der Wiederkunft Jesu in Kapitel 19 sehen wir die Verschmelzung der beiden Teile zu einem einzigen während der tausendjährigen Herrschaft von Jerusalem aus und dann im ewigen Zustand.

Mit anderen Worten: Wenn man sich das Gesamtbild der Bibel vor Augen hält und dann Noahs Segen für seine Söhne betrachtet, ist es Japheth, der in den Zelten Sems wohnt. Das bedeutet, dass Japheth das gleiche geistliche Erbe wie Sem haben würde. Und das hat er – seit 2000 Jahren. Aber in den Zelten von jemandem zu wohnen bedeutet, dass man von ihm umschlossen ist.

Sem ist der Bannerträger des geistlichen Erbes von der Genesis bis zur ersten Hälfte der Apostelgeschichte. Von der Apostelgeschichte, Kapitel 13, bis Philemon trägt Jafet das geistliche Erbe. Doch ab dem Hebräerbrief wird das geistliche Banner wieder an Sem zurückgegeben.

Und dies wird sich bei der Entrückung der Gemeinde buchstäblich erfüllen, wenn Israel, das von Sem abstammt, wieder der geistige Mittelpunkt der Welt sein wird. Wir sehen bereits, wie sich die Welt darauf einstellt.

All dies geht auf den Segen zurück, den ein Mann seinen drei Söhnen im grundlegenden Buch der Bibel erteilt hat. Es ist eine erstaunliche und schöne Geschichte in der sich entfaltenden Offenbarung von Gottes ewigem Wort.

Die Linie Sems

Auch Sem wurden Kinder geboren
Der der Vater aller Kinder Ebers ist geworden

Von ihm würde Jesus schließlich abstammen
Dem älteren Bruder Sems gab man Japhet als Vornamen

Die Söhne Sems waren Elam, Assur, Arphaxad, Lud und Aram.
Und die Söhne von Aram waren Uz, Hul, Gether und Mash
Die Araber stammen von diesen Jungen ab, einige haben ihren eigenen Harem
Und andere geben heute Schekel aus, das ist die Form des israelischen Geldes in Cash

Arphaxad zeugte Salah, und Salah zeugte Eber
Und Eber wurden auch Peleg und Joktan geboren
Peleg ist ein Name, der hoffentlich in unseren Köpfen verweilt,
Denn zu Pelegs Zeiten wurde die Erde aufgeteilt.

Joktan zeugte 13 Söhne, eine ganze Reihe, wohlan!
Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah, und auch Hadoram
Auch Uzal, Diklah, Obal und Abimael waren von seinem Samen
Und Scheba, Ophir, Havila und Jobab vervollständigen die ganze Schar mit ihren Namen.

Diese 13 waren die Söhne Joktans, die ihn sicher einiges kosten
Und sie wohnten von Mescha bis Sephar, den Bergen im Osten.
Von diesen Söhnen Sems sind noch einige Linien erhalten
nach ihren Völkern, die vom größten bis zum kleinsten sich entfalten

Und so beenden wir die Aufzählung des Stammbaums von Noahs Blut
Alle sorgfältig aufgezählt nach ihren Geschlechtern unter einem Hut
Von ihnen wurden die Menschen nach der Sintflut geteilt, das stimmt
Alle von diesen Söhnen, die zu den Völkern der Welt geworden sind

Was für ein Vergnügen zu wissen, was Gott getan
Sorgfältig führt Er uns durch viele Generationen dann
Und Er führt Seinen Trichter hin zu Seinem Sohn ohne Hürde
Der der Retter der Nationen werden würde

Oh Großer und mächtiger Gott, überwältigend ist dein Handeln
Hilf uns, in deinem Licht zu wandeln
Auf dem Pfad der Herrlichkeit mögest du uns leiten
Und lass unsere Lippen die Geschichte des Evangeliums verbreiten

Wir wollen dir unser höchstes Lob singen
Denn du hast uns zu deinem Lob und zu deiner Herrlichkeit gemacht
Und so soll auf Erden jedes Lebewesen bringen
die Kunde des Sieges von Jesus, dem König in Seiner Pracht

Halleluja und Amen!

Nächste Woche – 1. Mose 11,1-9, Der Turmbau zu Babel

 

 

 

Deuteronomy 33:12-17 (Moses Blesses Israel, Part II)

Artwork by Doug Kallerson

Deuteronomy 33:12-17
Moses Blesses Israel, Part II

This may seem like a curiosity to you but right now there is an American oil company in Israel, that is drilling for oil in the area referred to in Moses’ words today, and the owner is basing his reasoning on verses from Genesis 49 and Deuteronomy 33, both from the blessings spoken over Joseph –

“By the God of your father who will help you,
And by the Almighty who will bless you
With blessings of heaven above,
Blessings of the deep that lies beneath,
Blessings of the breasts and of the womb.
26 The blessings of your father
Have excelled the blessings of my ancestors,
Up to the utmost bound of the everlasting hills.
They shall be on the head of Joseph,
And on the crown of the head of him who was separate from his brothers.” Genesis 49:25, 26

&

“And of Joseph he said:
“Blessed of the Lord is his land,
With the precious things of heaven, with the dew,
And the deep lying beneath,
14 With the precious fruits of the sun,
With the precious produce of the months,
15 With the best things of the ancient mountains,
With the precious things of the everlasting hills,
16 With the precious things of the earth and its fullness,
And the favor of Him who dwelt in the bush.
Let the blessing come ‘on the head of Joseph,” Deuteronomy 33:13-16

Whether you agree with his reasoning or not, the land spoken of by both Jacob and Moses is still there, it is identifiable through historical records, and the company – Zion Oil and Gas – is there drilling wells.

Text Verse: “I am your fellow servant, and of your brethren who have the testimony of Jesus. Worship God! For the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy.” Revelation 19:10

Whether you agree with his insights into the prophecies of Jacob and Moses, one thing is for sure: their words, and all the other prophetic oracles of God that are found in the Bible are true and they ultimately lead us to Jesus or at least an understanding of what He has done, is doing, or will do.

We will see more of that in our verses today. As far as Zion Oil and Gas, they put out occasional updates on the status of things. At the time I typed this sermon, their most recent update was as of February 16 –

Dear Zion Supporters and Shareholders,
2022 has kicked off to a fast and exciting start for Zion and its operations team as we prepare to continue developing and testing the MJ-02 well.
We are pleased to announce that all necessary services for completing the well, along with enhancement and reservoir testing, have been secured.
Zion has partnered with some of the leading Petro physicists and stimulation experts in the United States to plan the next phase of the operation.
As Zion continues to navigate manufacturing and logistical delays, the plan is to resume operations in quarter one.
These operations will start with necessary re-certifications and inspection of the rig while also upgrading critical systems that will benefit this operation and allow for enhanced drilling operations in the future.
Upon completing the inspections, upgrades, and rigging up, the crew will complete the final casing and tubular run before moving on to the enhancement and reservoir testing phase.
We continually give thanks to God and our loyal shareholders and supporters who make all this possible.
We will continue to provide material updates when we have relevant information to share with the public.

Sincerely,

Rob Dunn
CEO

The company is registered with the SEC, it has stocks for purchase, and who knows if they will ever hit the big time. If they do, the stock will probably be worth a lot, but it may not last long. If large amounts of oil show up in Israel, the nations will suddenly find a reason to go in and take things over.

That is always a possibility based on other very clear passages of Scripture. Amazing things such as this possible prophecy of oil in the land of Joseph are based on verses found in God’s superior word. And so, let us turn to that precious word once again and… May God speak to us through His word today and may His glorious name ever be praised.

I. The Blessing to Benjamin (verse 12)

In the previous sermon, Judah – the fourth son of Jacob and Leah – was blessed before Levi, the third son. Simeon was left out of a blessing, probably because he was eventually dispersed in, and assimilated into, Judah.

Now, the two sons of Jacob and his beloved Rachel will be blessed, and they are again out of birth order. Moses first blesses Benjamin and only then will he bless Joseph.

Because Benjamin is blessed before Joseph, critical scholars try to say that this order, and thus the blessing, actually dates to the time of the kings where Benjamin was the tribe of the first king of Israel, Saul. But there is no reason to assume this at all. Judah was already blessed before Levi, and Simeon has been left out of a blessing.

There is more reason to believe that God’s foreknowledge of future events superintends over the blessings given by Moses than that the blessings are some sort of later fabrication.

As for an immediate reason why the blessings are noted as Judah / Levi / Benjamin, it cannot go without notice that the future temple of the Lord will be in Jerusalem.

This then forms a sort of geographical prophecy where Judah is to the south, the temple is in Jerusalem that is on Judah’s northern border, and then Benjamin is on the north of that.

As the temple is identified with those who ministered in it, meaning the priests and the Levites, we can see the pattern found in Moses’ order of blessing from south to north – Judah / Levi / Benjamin.

Later, Judges 1:8 says, “Now the children of Judah fought against Jerusalem and took it; they struck it with the edge of the sword and set the city on fire.” And yet, in the same chapter, it says, “But the children of Benjamin did not drive out the Jebusites who inhabited Jerusalem; so the Jebusites dwell with the children of Benjamin in Jerusalem to this day” (Judges 1:21).

Throughout the time of the kings, Jerusalem is said to be in Judah, and yet, again and again, people both from Judah and Benjamin are noted as being in Jerusalem. Further, the geographical overlapping of the two is also noted, even after the exile, such as in Ezra 1 –

“Then the heads of the fathers’ houses of Judah and Benjamin, and the priests and the Levites, with all whose spirits God had moved, arose to go up and build the house of the Lord which is in Jerusalem.” Ezra 1:5

But more, I would argue that the entire set of blessings upon the tribes – from Reuben to Asher – form an interesting pattern, a sort of circle around the temple in Jerusalem, in the order in which they are pronounced.

So far, Reuben is east of Jerusalem and outside of Canaan proper. Then it went south to Judah, which is inclusive of Simeon. This would explain why Simeon had no blessing. If the blessings are based upon situation in relation to the temple, and because Simeon is within the boundaries of Judah, then there was no need to give a separate blessing to them.

After Judah, it then went to Levi, emblematic of the temple, then it will next go to Benjamin, the land bordering the north of where the temple is. As such, the next blessing, the blessing of Benjamin, begins with…

12 Of Benjamin he said:

l’binyamin amar – “To Benjamin he said.” Benjamin is the younger of the two sons of Rachel and the twelfth son born to Jacob. Upon him, Moses pronounces that he is…

12  (con’t) “The beloved of the Lord shall dwell in safety by Him,

yedid Yehovah yishkon lavetakh alav – “Beloved Yehovah shall dwell to security upon Him.” The blessing of Benjamin speaks of his geographical situation. The words are difficult and highly debated, but it appears that this is, in fact, referring to Benjamin’s future placement in relation to the House of God. He thus dwells “upon” the Lord.

Lange says it cannot be speaking of this because the words Moses pronounces speak of the state (how) he lives rather than the location (where) he lives. But both can be true at the same time. The where, meaning in relation to the temple, leads to the how, meaning its safety and continuance.

The layout of the tribes provided a sort of buffer around where the temple is located, both in physical geography and in spiritual affiliation.

In his words now, Moses introduces the word yadid. It is an adjective that will be seen nine times, always in poetry. It is from the same root as dod, the noun meaning “beloved.” Benjamin is the beloved of Yehovah.

Benjamin means, “Son of the Right Hand.” As such, there is a definite hint of Jesus who is the Son at the right hand of the Father and who is the Beloved of the Lord. It is He who rests securely upon Him. Next, Moses says of him…

12  (con’t) Who shelters him all the day long;

khopheph alav kal ha’yom – “Covering him all the day.” This is a most rare word, found only here, khaphaph. It is related to yakheph, or barefoot. The foot is uncovered. Here, however, the word is speaking of being covered.

The word itself is closely connected to the word khuppah, which is a canopy for protection and a bridal chamber. Benjamin would be covered at all times in his dwelling. The sentiment of these words appears to be reflected extending into the future of Jerusalem where the word khuppah, or covering is explicitly used when referring to it –

“In that day the Branch of the Lord shall be beautiful and glorious;
And the fruit of the earth shall be excellent and appealing
For those of Israel who have escaped.
And it shall come to pass that he who is left in Zion and remains in Jerusalem will be called holy—everyone who is recorded among the living in Jerusalem. When the Lord has washed away the filth of the daughters of Zion, and purged the blood of Jerusalem from her midst, by the spirit of judgment and by the spirit of burning, then the Lord will create above every dwelling place of Mount Zion, and above her assemblies, a cloud and smoke by day and the shining of a flaming fire by night. For over all the glory there will be a covering [khuppah]. And there will be a tabernacle for shade in the daytime from the heat, for a place of refuge, and for a shelter from storm and rain.” Isaiah 4:2-6

With this understood, Moses speaks on…

12  (con’t) And he shall dwell between His shoulders.”

u-ben kethepha shaken – “And between His shoulders dwells.” Between the shoulders would signify to ride upon the back, and thus to be carried along. Metaphorically, the shoulders are referring to mountain slopes.

As this is speaking of Benjamin, this is taken by many scholars to refer to the two mountain peaks, Zion belonging to Judah, and Moriah in the land of Benjamin. However, that seems to be coopting that which is intended for Judah.

As such, I would think it just as likely, or more so, to be referring to Mount Moriah on the south and Bethel on the north. Mount Moriah is where the temple, the house of God, was erected –

“Now Solomon began to build the house of the Lord at Jerusalem on Mount Moriah, where the Lord had appeared to his father David, at the place that David had prepared on the threshing floor of Ornan the Jebusite. And he began to build on the second day of the second month in the fourth year of his reign.” 2 Chronicles 3:1, 2

Bethel, on the north, means “House of God.” Thus, the “shoulders” of Benjamin would then be referring to these two locations which include, or which are called, the “House of God.” When looked at on a map, the two locations literally look like the two shoulders of the land. Thus, the blessing is that of a realtor’s dream: location, location, location –

To Benjamin he said.
Beloved Yehovah shall dwell to security upon Him.
Covering him all the day.
And between His shoulder dwells.

The entire prophecy of Benjamin looks to the future concerning Jesus, the Son at God’s right hand, the beloved of the Lord who rests safely upon the Lord, covered by Him, and dwelling in the House of God. Next, Moses turns to Benjamin’s older brother…

I will bless you with a blessing
And you shall be blessed as My words convey
There will be no doubt; there will be no guessing
Things will come to pass just as I say

The future is known because I am already there
If you could understand this, things would go well
I tell in advance because I care
If My words you dismiss, you will pave a path to hell

But if you listen to My words, including this blessing
You will find the way to heaven is opened to you
There will be no doubt and there will be no guessing
Listen to My words which are faithful and true

II. The Blessing to Joseph (verses 13-17)

If you set the blessing of Jacob upon Joseph side by side with the one now from Moses, you will see how closely they parallel one another. I won’t highlight that for you, but if you have the time and motivation, it would be a short and fun project for you to do. With that, we now turn to Moses’ words to this son of Israel…

13 And of Joseph he said:

u-l’yoseph amar – “And to Joseph he said.” Joseph is the older of the two sons of Rachel and the eleventh son born to Jacob. Joseph is actually divided into the tribes of his sons Ephraim and Manasseh.

Ephraim is next north of Benjamin, and Manasseh is both north and then northeast of Ephraim, being divided into two sections that rest on both sides of the Jordan. Thus, the pattern of the order of the tribes surrounding Jerusalem in a somewhat discernible fashion continues with this tribe divided into two tribes. For now, upon Joseph, Moses pronounces that…

13 (con’t) “Blessed of the Lord is his land,

meboreket Yehovah artso – “Blessed Yehovah his land.” The blessing of Joseph pertains predominantly to the land. It is a land that would abound in productivity, and this has been noted as true concerning the areas where Ephraim and Manasseh, the two sons of Joseph who were adopted by Jacob, settled. The land is promised to be blessed…

13 (con’t) With the precious things of heaven, with the dew,

mi’meged shemayim mital – “From preciousness heavens, from dew.” Another new word, meged, is used. It is a noun that will be seen five times in the blessing upon Joseph, and then only three more times, all in the Song of Solomon.

The meaning of it is obscure, but James Strong places it as coming from a root probably meaning “eminent.” As such it is a distinguished thing or something valuable. That which is precious from heaven would be the rains, favorable climate, and so on.

The next word, mital, means “from dew.” However, some manuscripts have one letter changed, making it to say meal, or “from above.” Thus, some translations say this instead.

Either way, the thought is similar, but I would go with “from the dew.” As such, it would then be a separate category. One can see this when is the two are placed side by side –

Blessed Yehovah his land.
From preciousness heavens, from dew. (separate category)
Blessed Yehovah his land.
From preciousness heavens, from above. (second explains first)

Dew comes less from heaven than from the interaction between the immediate ground and the surrounding air as moisture condenses. When taken with the next clause, it being a separate category would then follow through more logically…

13 (con’t) And the deep lying beneath,

u’mi’tehom rovetseth takhath – “And from deep crouching underneath.” The tehom is a void or an abyss. As such, it is where water flows up from underground. Here Moses poetically portrays it as a recumbent animal that crouches below. Combining this with the previous clauses, one can see why I feel “from dew” is the correct meaning –

Blessed Yehovah his land.
From preciousness heavens (water from above), from dew (water from ground level).
And from deep crouching underneath (water from below).

Without water, life dries up and dies. But with water, everything is fruitful and abundant. That is what Moses will confirm concerning the land of Joseph in the next beautifully painted words…

14 With the precious fruits of the sun,

u-mi’meged tevuoth shamesh – “And from preciousness increases sun.” The sun is that which rises from day to day. Throughout the Bible, it is reflective of that state. Thus, it speaks of life being lived one day at a time as each day is “the day.” There is tomorrow, but when it comes, it becomes “the day.”

Each day, the sun will bless Joseph where he will receive abundance in the increases (produce, fruits, crops, etc.) of the day. The words speak of abundance arising from the events of the day…

14 (con’t) With the precious produce of the months,

u-mi’meged geresh yerakhim – “And from preciousness [the] casting moons.” Here is a word found only once in Scripture, geresh. It is a noun coming from the common verb garash which refers to casting out or driving out (such as an enemy), divorcing, and so on. Hence, one can think of expatriating.

The moon here speaks of the months. Each moon is one month, and thus, it speaks of the cycle of the year as it passes. As the various crops produce their fruit, they are said to cast them off. The contrasting parallelism between the clauses is evident –

And from preciousness increases sun. (daily cycle)
And from preciousness [the] casting moons. (monthly cycle)

One can see the workings of the Lord in this where Jesus speaks of each day being sufficient for its own trouble, meaning relying on the produce of the day as each day produces. And yet, He also speaks of the fields being white for harvest, which is a cyclical thing that comes as the months pass.

And more, Jesus is the fulfillment of both the daily sacrifices at the temple as well as each sacrifice that occurs during the months of the year. Now, with the marvelous words of this verse complete, Moses speaks on…

15 With the best things of the ancient mountains,

u-me’rosh harerei qedem – “And from excellency mountains ancient.” Translations will vary widely on this because the words can have several meanings. The word rosh means “head.” As such, it can signify the first, the top, the best, and so on.

The word “ancient” is qedem, which literally means “east,” but east in Scripture also signifies that which is before. The sun rises there. And because it comes from seemingly nowhere, it then speaks of the unknown past – that which is in antiquity, is ancient, is eternal.

I translate it as “excellency” because it is a singular noun, but the word “mountains” is plural. Also, I say “ancient” rather than “east,” otherwise, one might say “top of the mountains of the east,” signifying the mountains of Gilead and Bashan where some of Joseph settled. But more, using excellency will also maintain parallelism with the next clause.

The words now speak of what is derived from these higher areas, be it grasslands for flocks and herds, trees, vines, olives, minerals, and so on. Whatever these elevations uniquely provide, that is the excellency derived from them. Also…

15 (con’t) With the precious things of the everlasting hills,

u-mi’meged givoth olam – “And from preciousness hills antiquity.” It is the same word used three times already in the past two verses, meged, or preciousness. The word givah is a hill, and here it is plural, givoth. And the word olam signifies “to the vanishing point.” Thus, it is an indeterminate amount of time.

In other words, the clause is perfectly parallel to the previous clause –

And from excellency mountains ancient.
And from preciousness hills antiquity.

As for typology, I would say these words look beyond the hills and mountains, here termed Ancient and Antiquity. Though they are old, they didn’t create themselves. Rather, they came from the wisdom of God in creation. If there is an ancient hill, there is One more ancient that created it, meaning He was there before the hill.

As such, it is reflective of the words of James concerning God –

“Do not be deceived, my beloved brethren. 17 Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, and comes down from the Father of lights, with whom there is no variation or shadow of turning.” James 1:16, 17

It is Christ who came from God and who is described with both the word qedem and olam in Micah –

“But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah,
Though you are little among the thousands of Judah,
Yet out of you shall come forth to Me
The One to be Ruler in Israel,
Whose goings forth are from of old,
From everlasting.” Micah 5:2

As for Joseph, the high places – the mountains and hills that were founded in the primeval past – will yield that which is excellent and precious for Joseph. And more…

16 With the precious things of the earth and its fullness,

u-mi’meged erets u-meloah – “And from preciousness land and its fullness.” This speaks of the overall favor of the land, whether on mountain, hill, valley, or plain. Where Joseph would settle, in its fullness, there would be abundance. But more…

16 (con’t) And the favor of Him who dwelt in the bush.

u-retson shokeni seneh – “And favor Him dwells bush.” Moses returns to his time of calling on Mount Sinai where he met the Lord God who called to him from the bush. It was there that Moses was told that the promise to the fathers – Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob – would be realized from Him through Moses.

Just as Israel had received His favor, and just as Moses has been bestowed the good pleasure of the Lord, so this same Source of blessing is now pronounced to come upon Joseph. The clauses are parallel –

And from preciousness land and its fullness.
And favor Him dwells bush.

The earth is the Lord’s, and all its fullness, and the Lord dwells in the bush that is on the earth. Moses pronounces that the blessing would come up from the land possessed by the Lord, and out from the Lord of the bush…

16 (con’t) Let the blessing come ‘on the head of Joseph,

tabothah l’rosh Yoseph – “Let come to head Joseph.” The verb is cohortative. Thus, it is like saying, “Let everything come upon the head of Joseph that has just been pronounced.” To have it come upon the head is its own blessing. An example of this is found in the 133rd Psalm –

“Behold, how good and how pleasant it is
For brethren to dwell together in unity!
It is like the precious oil upon the head,
Running down on the beard,
The beard of Aaron,
Running down on the edge of his garments.
It is like the dew of Hermon,
Descending upon the mountains of Zion;
For there the Lord commanded the blessing—
Life forevermore.” Psalm 133

A blessing upon the head is one that will then continue down the whole body and even to the feet. The clause is then set parallel to the next one…

16 (con’t) And on the crown of the head of him who was separate from his brothers.’

u-l’qadeqod nezir ekhav – “And to crown of head Nazirite his brothers.” The nazir signifies someone consecrated, devoted, and so on.

What this seems to be saying is that his brothers devoted him or consecrated him to taking on the bonds of a slave. As such, he was set apart to that. Despite this state, however, Moses asks for all of the blessings pronounced to come upon the very crown of his head.

The clauses form somewhat of a pun and a contrasting parallel. Joseph, or Yoseph, means “He shall add.” And yet, the brothers separated him from themselves –

Let come to head Joseph.
And to crown head Nazirite his brothers.

The four clauses anticipate Christ who is the One to receive the ultimate blessing of the inheritance of the earth from the Lord who dwells in the bush. Further, Joseph anticipates Christ in the meaning of his name.

Yoseph, or “He shall Add” speaks of the One who adds (yasaph) to the people of God through His ministry. But the name is also based on the word asaph, to take away. He is the One who takes away the reproach of His people.

At the same time, He was separated from His brothers being set apart to the bondage of the law in order to free His brothers from it. The totality of Moses’ words speaks of Joseph, but they anticipate Christ. Moses next says…

17 His glory is like a firstborn bull,

bekor shoro hadar lo – “Firstborn his bull magnificence to him.” The object of the words is his (Joseph’s) seed, not Joseph. Some say that this is referring to Ephraim as his firstborn bull.

This is because though not the firstborn, Jacob blessed Ephraim as such, placing him above his brother, Manasseh. When Joseph told Jacob he was blessing the wrong son, Jacob corrected him –

“I know, my son, I know. He also shall become a people, and he also shall be great; but truly his younger brother shall be greater than he, and his descendants shall become a multitude of nations.” Genesis 49:19

Ephraim was the one who grew into the most powerful of the sons and who was called melo ha’goyim, or “fullness the nations,” by Jacob. However, I would argue that this bull is referring to both sons – Manasseh, the firstborn, and Ephraim, the second, the one placed as firstborn.

I think this will be evident as we go on. It is the collective, Ephraim and Manasseh, that Moses is saying would be magnificence to Joseph. He next says…

17 (con’t) And his horns like the horns of the wild ox;

v’qarne ra’em qarna – “And horns [wild] ox His horns.” The horn is a symbol of power. It is saying that this bull’s power would be like the horns of the reem, or wild ox. The symbolism is both majestic and terrible.

As a side note for all KJV-only readers, the words here show a mistranslation and a contradiction in that translation. They say, “and his horns are like the horns of unicorns.”

The word “unicorns” is decidedly incorrect. First, there are no such things. But even if the old English word speaks of a rhino or something else with one horn, the Hebrew word is singular – “unicorn.”

And so, no matter what, the translation is wrong because a unicorn has only one horn. Therefore, this is another of the innumerable errors found in that translation. It is just a ridiculously funny one.

As for the words, the two clauses are parallel –

Firstborn his bull magnificence to him.
And horns [wild] ox His horns.

The bull is magnificent, and the horns stand out prominently, further revealing his magnificence. But a bull with two horns is a two-horned bull. The horns then represent the tribes of the two sons…

17 (con’t) Together with the

bahem – “In them.” Despite the division by the NKJV, this word should be a part of the next words. As such…

17 (con’t) He shall push the peoples

bahem amim yenagakh – “In them peoples he butts.” It is referring to the horns of the wild ox. In these two horns, Joseph’s seed would butt the peoples. It is a butting bull, pushing and goring as he goes, constantly moving the peoples back as he progresses, even…

17 (con’t) To the ends of the earth;

yakhdav aphse arets – “Together ends land.” The word “together” is referring to both horns working as one, pushing and thrusting the people to the ends of the land of Canaan. Again, the clauses are parallel –

In them peoples he butts.
Together ends land.

The horn pushes the people, and the horns work together to do so. The bull is the seed of Jacob, the horns represent the divisions, Ephraim and Manasseh working as one to clear the land. From there, the blessing now speaks of the two horns, naming them individually…

17 (con’t) They are the ten thousands of Ephraim,

v’hem rivoth Ephraim – “And they myriads Ephraim.” It refers to the immense size of the tribe. He has grown into a family of giant proportions, filling the land. Next, the second horn is named…

17 (con’t) And they are the thousands of Manasseh.”

v’hem alphe menasheh – “And they thousands Manasseh.” Though smaller by a factor of maybe ten or more, the tribe will be large and strong. Together, the two tribes form from one bull which is the magnificence to Joseph.

Ephraim means, “twice fruitful,” but it also means “ashes.” He pictures Jesus. He is twice fruitful in the land of His affliction, prevailing over the law and thus becoming the Savior of Jew and Gentile, but his work also meant that sin was judged in Him; thus the ashes, a sign of judgment.

Both names have a dual meaning, just as for Joseph. Manasseh means “to forget” but it also means “from a debt.” He pictures Christ who replaces Adam the man who owes a debt but whose debt is forgotten in Christ.

The two together then anticipate the explosive growth of the gospel as it pushes out further and further, even to the ends of the earth. There is both a literal and a symbolic meaning to the blessings of Moses. Each can be seen to anticipate what Christ would do –

Firstborn his bull magnificence to him.
And horns [wild] ox His horns.
In them peoples he butts.
Together ends land.
And they myriads Ephraim.
And they thousands Manasseh.
And to Joseph he said.
Blessed Yehovah his land.
From preciousness heavens, from dew.
And from deep crouching underneath.
And from preciousness increases sun.
And from preciousness casting moons.
And from excellency mountains ancient.
And from preciousness hills antiquity.
And from preciousness land and its fullness.”
And favor Him dwells bush.
Let come to head Joseph.
And to crown of head Nazirite his brothers.
Firstborn his bull magnificence to him.
And horns [wild] ox His horns.
In them peoples he butts.
Together ends land.
And they myriads Ephraim.
And they thousands Manasseh.

Typology is the kind of thing that one must be careful with, and it can be stretched too far if we aren’t careful. In the evaluation of these blessings, I have tried to be conservative in what is presented in this regard.

The literal is obvious. Moses is blessing these tribes in prophetic utterances that will literally take place. He is also doing it in a manner that makes a rather interesting pattern of the tribes around where the temple in Jerusalem is.

But more, the words are certainly anticipating the coming of Christ. Some of the typology is rather obvious. Some of it is a bit more difficult. But in the end, Moses is setting the tribes in their locations and in their circumstances which will continue on for well over a thousand years before Christ comes.

The land will continue to be occupied by Israel until He comes, even if it is ruled by outsiders. And when He came, it was to these twelve tribes. Paul makes this obvious when he spoke to King Agrippa in Acts –

“To this promise our twelve tribes, earnestly serving God night and day, hope to attain. For this hope’s sake, King Agrippa, I am accused by the Jews. Why should it be thought incredible by you that God raises the dead?” Acts 26:7, 8

His words are in the present tense. Twelve tribes were serving God in hopes of attaining the promise. Though they had been jumbled around, dispersed among the nations, and bullied by those around them, the tribes remained, and the hope remained as well.

Christ, the fulfillment of that hope, came, and yet they missed Him. But the promise remains for them, and it will come to its fulfillment when they call out to Him. Until that day, the message – this wonderful message of hope – continues on in the world.

Let us be wise and check out whether it is true. I honestly believe that if you are willing to put in the effort and check, you will come to the conclusion that countless souls around the world have also come to. The hope of Israel, and the blessings they are promised, are realized in Christ.

And for any who will come to Him, he too will share in the commonwealth of Israel. Come to Christ and share in this wonderful state of blessing that the Lord has pronounced in His precious and sacred word.

Closing Verse: “Give ear, O Shepherd of Israel,
You who lead Joseph like a flock;
You who dwell between the cherubim, shine forth!
Before Ephraim, Benjamin, and Manasseh,
Stir up Your strength,
And come and save us!” Psalm 80:1, 2

Next Week: Deuteronomy 33:18-22 Moses continues to bless, as you will see... (Moses Blesses Israel, Part III) (102nd Deuteronomy Sermon)

The Lord has you exactly where He wants you. He has a good plan and purpose for you. But He also has expectations of you as He prepares you for entrance into His Land of Promise. So, follow Him and trust Him and He will do marvelous things for you and through you.

Moses Blesses Israel, Part II

Of Benjamin he said:
The beloved of the LORD
Shall dwell in safety by Him as well
Who shelters him all the day long
And he shall between His shoulders dwell

And of Joseph he said:
“Blessed of the LORD is his land
With the precious things of heaven, with the dew
And the deep lying beneath too

With the precious fruits of the sun
With the precious produce of the months, as the Lord wills
With the best things of the ancient mountains
With the precious things of the everlasting hills

With the precious things of the earth and its fullness
And the favor of Him who dwelt in the bush
———-according to His druthers
Let the blessing come on the head of Joseph
And on the crown of the head of him who was
———-separate from his brothers

His glory is like a firstborn bull
And his horns like the horns of the wild ox, such their worth
Together with them
He shall push the peoples
To the ends of the earth

They are the ten thousands of Ephraim
And they are the thousands of Manasseh, what a team!

Lord God, turn our hearts to be obedient to Your word
Give us wisdom to be ever faithful to You
May we carefully heed each thing we have heard
Yes, Lord God may our hearts be faithful and true

And we shall be content and satisfied in You alone
We will follow You as we sing our songs of praise
Hallelujah to You; to us Your path You have shown
Hallelujah we shall sing to You for all of our days

Hallelujah and Amen…

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12 Of Benjamin he said:

“The beloved of the Lord shall dwell in safety by Him,
Who shelters him all the day long;
And he shall dwell between His shoulders.”

13 And of Joseph he said:

“Blessed of the Lord is his land,
With the precious things of heaven, with the dew,
And the deep lying beneath,
14 With the precious fruits of the sun,
With the precious produce of the months,
15 With the best things of the ancient mountains,
With the precious things of the everlasting hills,
16 With the precious things of the earth and its fullness,
And the favor of Him who dwelt in the bush.
Let the blessing come ‘on the head of Joseph,
And on the crown of the head of him who was separate from his brothers.’
17 His glory is like a firstborn bull,
And his horns like the horns of the wild ox;
Together with them
He shall push the peoples
To the ends of the earth;
They are the ten thousands of Ephraim,
And they are the thousands of Manasseh.”

Deuteronomy 33:6-11 (Moses Blesses Israel, Part I)

Deuteronomy 33:6-11
Moses Blesses Israel, Part I

In the previous sermon, magnificent and splendid words began the blessing of Israel by Moses. It was as a flower of beauty slowly opening with each word. Today, the petals of this precious rose continue to gradually unfold and present themselves to us.

We will see the rather concise and curt blessing upon Reuben. From there a short, but most majestic blessing will be pronounced upon Judah. And then, words of remembrance, mingled with words of petition, are brought forth from the lips of Moses toward those of his own tribe, Levi.

The words were spoken, they have been recorded, and they remain as a memorial before the Lord as well as an instrument of instruction for Israel and for us.

It is hard to imagine that the Lord would give them, allow them to rest upon the people – through good and bad – and then have the people come to a sudden and crushing end without any hope of restoration or remedy.

But this is what much of the church has decided has occurred. Israel disastrously did not heed, they failed to recognize the time of their visitation, and the Lord cut them off forever. Does that sound like the covenant keeping Lord that we have seen throughout the books of Moses? It doesn’t to me!

Text Verse: “He has helped His servant Israel,
In remembrance of His mercy,
55 As He spoke to our fathers,
To Abraham and to his seed forever.” Luke 1:54, 55

It is true that the covenant of the Lord with Israel through Moses contains many stern warnings and curses, but it also is very precise in how it presents them. We have seen this again and again.

Moses speaks of cutting off the people, but never of cutting off the nation. The continuous movement of the words he has presented, especially in Deuteronomy, have been precisely chosen and laid before us to show that this is not the case.

Moses simply builds upon what the Lord has already said earlier in the law. For today, there is less of that type of speech, and more of a carefully selected line of thought that provides hope and assurance to the individual tribes, while at the same time revealing really marvelous hints and pictures of the coming Messiah.

Woven into the words are also some unique patterns, linguistic nuances, and literary forms to help guide us in the often obscure nature of the words themselves. I do hope you will be pleased and even tickled with how these three blessings unfold. It was a joy to search them out, and now I joyfully present them to you.

Precious and wonderful things are to be found in His superior word. And so, let us turn to that precious word once again and… May God speak to us through His word today and may His glorious name ever be praised.

I. The Blessings Upon Reuben and Judah (verses 6 & 7)

“Let Reuben live, and not die,

The words are simple and direct in Reuben’s blessing. And yet, they are also quite complicated and even obscure in meaning. Hence, they are highly debated. In them, there are three jussives – indirect commands or petitions. The first two are found in this clause: yehi Reuven v’al yamot – “May live Reuben and not may die.”

The blessing of Reuben is one of life. The reason for Moses stating this is that, despite being the firstborn, Reuben was already removed from the honor and position of the firstborn because he slept with his father’s concubine, Bilhah. That is found in Genesis 35:22. Upon his death, Jacob’s blessing upon his sons did not reflect favorably upon Reuben –

“Reuben, you are my firstborn,
My might and the beginning of my strength,
The excellency of dignity and the excellency of power.
Unstable as water, you shall not excel,
Because you went up to your father’s bed;
Then you defiled it
He went up to my couch.” Genesis 49:3, 4

Later, when the rebels came against Moses in the wilderness, some of the main insurgents were of the tribe of Reuben –

“Now Korah the son of Izhar, the son of Kohath, the son of Levi, with Dathan and Abiram the sons of Eliab, and On the son of Peleth, sons of Reuben…” Numbers 16:1

Despite their troubled past, Moses’ petition is for Reuben’s continuance, “May live Reuben, and not may die.” However, the next clause is what becomes difficult and debated over…

6 (con’t) Nor let his men be few.”

The third jussive is seen in this clause: vihi metav mispar – “And may his men a number.” Despite being just three words, there are pages of commentary on what Moses is saying. First, the word mispar, or “number,” signifies that which can be counted. If this is an independent clause, the meaning is the same as that found in Deuteronomy 4:27 –

“And the Lord will scatter you among the peoples, and you will be left few in number among the nations where the Lord will drive you.”

As such, it is a countable number –

*May live Reuben, and not may die.
*And may his men be few.

But “a number” may be a way of saying an indeterminate number and thus –

*May live Reuben, and not may die.
*And may his men be unnumbered.

Or, if “a number” is tied to the previous words, it would also be a large number because the “not” would carry on to the second clause –

*May live Reuben, and not may die.
*And (not) may his men be few.

And to throw a monkey wrench in that almost nobody would see coming, an ancient Greek translation of this verse inserts the name of Simeon here. This is because there is no other mention of Simeon in the entire blessing of Moses upon the tribes –

*May live Reuben, and not may die.
*And may the men of Simeon be few.

Simply because we are following the Hebrew, and because there is only one negation, I would go with the most literal translation and say that Moses is petitioning that Reuben not be extinguished as a tribe, and – being charitable – he is asking that he become an uncountable number.

The use of three jussives in the verse seems to exclude carrying the word “not” over to the second clause. Moses is directly petitioning with clarity and precision –

May live Reuben and not may die;
And may his men be a number.”

It is, then, a blessing for continuance and a petition for growth without a set limit. As such, Reuben, or “See a Son,” would picture Christ who did live and not die in the sense that He was never cut off because of His own sin. And He has also increased to an innumerable number –

“After these things I looked, and behold, a great multitude which no one could number, of all nations, tribes, peoples, and tongues, standing before the throne and before the Lamb, clothed with white robes, with palm branches in their hands, 10 and crying out with a loud voice, saying, ‘Salvation belongs to our God who sits on the throne, and to the Lamb!’” Revelation 7:9, 10

Simeon then has no blessing at all. Jacob’s blessing of Simeon was joined with that of Levi –

“Simeon and Levi are brothers;
Instruments of cruelty are in their dwelling place.
Let not my soul enter their council;
Let not my honor be united to their assembly;
For in their anger they slew a man,
And in their self-will they hamstrung an ox.
Cursed be their anger, for it is fierce;
And their wrath, for it is cruel!
I will divide them in Jacob
And scatter them in Israel.” Genesis 49:5-7

Because Simeon was to be divided and scattered, and because his tribe will be assimilated into Judah’s land grant, they would – for all intents and purposes – be assimilated into Judah as well. As such, the blessing upon Judah should be taken – at least partially, even if not intentionally at this time – as also falling upon Simeon.

Because of this, the words of Moses continue with this fourth son of Jacob who is next blessed even before the third son, Levi –

And this he said of Judah:

The introductory words are so short and precise in the Hebrew that it is hard to not see in them something stately and majestic, as if it is being proclaimed at the coming of a king: v’zoth lihudah – “And this to Judah.”

One can almost sense the blast of a trumpet, drawing all attention to what will be proclaimed as he heralds the royal arrival, “And this to Judah!”

7 (con’t) “Hear, Lord, the voice of Judah,

vayomar shema Yehovah qol yehudah – “And he said, ‘Hear, Yehovah, voice Judah!” The blessing of Judah calls attention to his voice. Although we would be here for the next week or two, or longer, if we were to sufficiently evaluate the meaning of this, it can be summed up in the thought that a great portion of Scripture is based upon the voice of Judah.

It was building throughout the time of the judges, but it was heard in the most resplendent manner as the young shepherd boy from Bethlehem called forth to the great foe of Israel –

“You come to me with a sword, with a spear, and with a javelin. But I come to you in the name of the Lord of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom you have defied. 46 This day the Lord will deliver you into my hand, and I will strike you and take your head from you. And this day I will give the carcasses of the camp of the Philistines to the birds of the air and the wild beasts of the earth, that all the earth may know that there is a God in Israel. 47 Then all this assembly shall know that the Lord does not save with sword and spear; for the battle is the Lord’s, and He will give you into our hands.” 1 Samuel 17:45-47

From that time on, the voice of Judah fills the pages of the psalms, the historical writings, the books of wisdom, and the words issued forth as prophecy. And then, the voice of Judah was heard in the most unique way of all in the first recorded words of the Lord –

“Why did you seek Me? Did you not know that I must be about My Father’s business?” Luke 2:49

At that time, and for the rest of Scripture, the voice of Judah is truly realized in the way that Moses now intends. He knew the words of Jacob when he blessed his fourth son, and he thus knew that the line of the Messiah was fixed through him –

“Judah, you are he whom your brothers shall praise;
Your hand shall be on the neck of your enemies;
Your father’s children shall bow down before you.
Judah is a lion’s whelp;
From the prey, my son, you have gone up.
He bows down, he lies down as a lion;
And as a lion, who shall rouse him?
10 The scepter shall not depart from Judah,
Nor a lawgiver from between his feet,
Until Shiloh comes;
And to Him shall be the obedience of the people.
11 Binding his donkey to the vine,
And his donkey’s colt to the choice vine,
He washed his garments in wine,
And his clothes in the blood of grapes.
12 His eyes are darker than wine,
And his teeth whiter than milk.” Genesis 49:8-12

The voice of Judah, which means “Praise,” is the praise of God because he is the praised of God. The voice of Judah is the voice of the Word of God that speaks forth life. The voice of Judah is the battle cry for the people of God to follow their King. The voice of Judah is the roar of the Lion and the humble call of the Servant. The voice of Judah is, ultimately, the voice of Jesus – the Lord.

7 (con’t) And bring him to his people;

v’el amo tevienu – “And unto His people [You] bring him.” Immediately, this refers to the tribe. Judah was separated from Israel, being the southernmost tribe and thus somewhat isolated from the rest. Throughout the Bible, Judah continues in this state of semi-separation.

However, Ezekiel prophesied of a time when Judah would be inseparably united to Israel –

Again the word of the Lord came to me, saying, 16 “As for you, son of man, take a stick for yourself and write on it: ‘For Judah and for the children of Israel, his companions.’ Then take another stick and write on it, ‘For Joseph, the stick of Ephraim, and for all the house of Israel, his companions.’ 17 Then join them one to another for yourself into one stick, and they will become one in your hand.
18 “And when the children of your people speak to you, saying, ‘Will you not show us what you mean by these?’— 19 say to them, ‘Thus says the Lord God: “Surely I will take the stick of Joseph, which is in the hand of Ephraim, and the tribes of Israel, his companions; and I will join them with it, with the stick of Judah, and make them one stick, and they will be one in My hand.”’ 20 And the sticks on which you write will be in your hand before their eyes.

The words of Moses, however, are certainly looking ahead in anticipation even more precisely than this. He is remembering the blessing of Jacob, and he is specifically calling forth for the coming of Messiah, to be brought to His people –

“But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah,
Though you are little among the thousands of Judah,
Yet out of you shall come forth to Me
The One to be Ruler in Israel,
Whose goings forth are from of old,
From everlasting.” Micah 5:2

The voice of Judah, through Micah of Moresheth – which is in the tribe of Judah – called forth for the coming of Israel’s Ruler who would be from Bethlehem Ephrathah, also in the tribe of Judah.

7 (con’t) Let his hands be sufficient for him,

The words are obscure and complicated: yada rav lo – “His hands abound to him.” The Greek reads “contend.” Because of the difficulty, many translations follow the Greek, saying, “His hand contends for him.” The word is rav, signifying abundance, enough, many, mighty, and so on. It is a sort of superlative in whatever it is referring to.

As the hand is that which accomplishes things, I would say the intent is something like, “He is fully sufficient to perform, be it in war, productivity, salvation, deliverance, and so on.” As such, Judah has the strength to carry itself and its purposes through.

In anticipation of the Greatest of Judah, one could look to the words of Isaiah to find the ultimate intent of Moses’ words –

“Who is this who comes from Edom,
With dyed garments from Bozrah,
This One who is glorious in His apparel,
Traveling in the greatness of His strength?—
‘I who speak in righteousness, mighty to save.’
Why is Your apparel red,
And Your garments like one who treads in the winepress?
‘I have trodden the winepress alone,
And from the peoples no one was with Me.
For I have trodden them in My anger,
And trampled them in My fury;
Their blood is sprinkled upon My garments,
And I have stained all My robes.
For the day of vengeance is in My heart,
And the year of My redeemed has come.
I looked, but there was no one to help,
And I wondered
That there was no one to uphold;
Therefore My own arm brought salvation for Me;
And My own fury, it sustained Me.
I have trodden down the peoples in My anger,
Made them drunk in My fury,
And brought down their strength to the earth.’” Isaiah 63:1-6

With this in mind, the next words of the blessing might seem contradictory, but this is not the case…

7 (con’t) And may You be a help against his enemies.”

v’ezer mitsarav tiyeh – “And help from his enemies may You be.” If the hands of Judah abound in might, then why would they need the Lord to help them? But the words are comparative. Judah is considered to be capable of meeting and defeating its foes, but even the mightiest nation cannot prevail if the Lord is not with it.

This has been and it will continue to be seen. If the Lord purposes triumph, there will be triumph if by many or by few. And if the Lord purposes defeat, then it will come without regard to number.

And again, the words of Moses toward Judah are but a reflection of words that apply to the ultimate Son of Judah. Though in one way He is mighty to save, working out salvation by His own arm, He is fully dependent on the Lord who sent Him forth –

“For dogs have surrounded Me;
The congregation of the wicked has enclosed Me.
They pierced My hands and My feet;
17 I can count all My bones.
They look and stare at Me.
18 They divide My garments among them,
And for My clothing they cast lots.
19 But You, O Lord, do not be far from Me;
O My Strength, hasten to help Me!
20 Deliver Me from the sword,
My precious life from the power of the dog.
21 Save Me from the lion’s mouth
And from the horns of the wild oxen!
You have answered Me.” Psalm 22:16-21

Not only are the two clauses not contradictory, whether referring to Judah or to Jesus, they show the total dependence of them upon the Lord. And the Lord is with both, helping them against the foes who have arisen against them.

There is a story to be found in the tribes of Israel
There is God working out His plan
Each detail calls out, “I have something to tell”
Something that leads to the redemption of man

The names of the tribes are carefully given
One shows one thing, and the next shows another
Each points to the greater story of hope-filled livin’
When Christ would come – Israel’s greatest Son and Brother

The things they did and the lives they lived out
Are recorded in the Bible for us to read and to learn
The stories are given for us to see and have no doubt
The marvelous majesty, for which our souls now yearn

Christ is coming, so the word does tell
And hints of Him are found in the stories of Israel

II. The Blessing Upon Levi (verses 8-11)

And of Levi he said:

u-l’levi amar – “And to Levi he said.” Levi is the third son, and he receives the third blessing, even if it is out of order because of Simeon’s assumed inclusion in the blessing of Judah. It is the tribe of Moses. It is the tribe of the priestly class, and it is the tribe that has no land inheritance but is instead to be found throughout the land in the Levitical cities. To Levi, he says…

8 (con’t)Let Your Thummim and Your Urim be with Your holy one,

thumekha v’urekha l’ish khasidekha – “Your Thummin and Your Urim to man your godly.” The blessing of Levi concerns his office and duties. Here is a new word, khasid. It is an adjective signifying kind, godly, pious, and so on. It is mostly found in the psalms and at times it is rendered “saint.”

Levi is spoken of here as a godly man who possesses the special stones, the “Perfections and Lights,” used to determine the will of the Lord. They are what receive the infallible truths and revelations divulged by God.

Of the five times these stones are mentioned together, this is the only time that the Thummim is stated before the Urim. There is no explanation for this, and there are various conjectures as to its meaning, some imaginatively elevating one precept over the other. But I would think that this is a way of saying that both are on an equal standing.

In other words, if it always said, “Urim and Thummim,” one might think that “Lights,” meaning God’s revelations, come first and then “Perfections,” or the infallible truths, are based upon those revelations.

But in stating it as “Thummim and Urim” here, Moses is indicating that they are both of the same substance. God’s revelations are revealed in infallible truths, and His infallible truths are conveyed in His revelations. In essence, they are two sides of one coin.

The godly nature of Levi is to be revealed in the coming clauses. For now…

8 (con’t) Whom You tested at Massah,

asher nisito b’Massah – “Whom You tested in Massah.” The name Massah means Testing. Hence, it says, “Whom you tested in Testing.”

There is nothing directly stated of Levi concerning what occurred in Massah which is the account given in Exodus 17. As such, it leaves one wondering what Moses is talking about. But the next clause helps alleviate the difficulty…

8 (con’t) And with whom You contended at the waters of Meribah,

terivehu al me merivah – “You strived with him upon waters Meribah.” The name Meribah means “Place of Quarrelling.”  The Lord strived with Levi at the “Place of Quarrelling.” This was when Moses and Aaron were to speak to the rock and have water issue forth. Instead, Moses struck the rock twice with his rod.

The connection between the two is that the event at Massah occurred just shortly after having departed from Egypt, and the event at Meribah occurred just as the spies were investigating the land of Canaan. As such they encompass, as book ends, the entire time at Sinai when the law was given.

Once the spies returned, the people rejected the word of the Lord, and they were punished with being exiled into the wilderness. As we have repeatedly seen, that is emblematic of the past two thousand years of exile for Israel. As such, Moses’ words now look to the time of the administration of the law.

Next, Moses takes us back to the time of the giving of the law…

Who says of his father and mother,

Levi is referred to by a verb prefixed by an article: ha’omer l’abiv u-l’imo – “The sayer to his father and to his mother.” Here, it is referring to Levi as an individual, a collective whole. He says…

9 (con’t) ‘I have not seen them’;

It is singular: lo’reitiv – “Not I have seen him.” The mother is the wife of the father and so the singular stands for both. The father and the mother are there, but it is as if they are not seen, and they are not regarded. The same attitude is again seen in the next words…

9 (con’t) Nor did he acknowledge his brothers,

v’eth ekhav lo hikir – “And his brothers no regard.” Moses says that even though Levi had brothers, his mind was not on them when called to do what he must do. Moses is making a point about Levi’s priorities. Moses next says…

9 (con’t) Or know his own children;

v’eth banav lo yada – “And sons no know.” Any children of Levi are as if they are not even his when he is called to act. Levi has not seen the parents before him. He has not regarded the brothers around him, and he has not known his own sons. Despite them being the closest of family relationships, Moses speaks of Levi’s priorities. What is it that Levi has put first? To tell us, Moses slips into the plural…

9 (con’t) For they have observed Your word

ki shameru imratekha– “For they have heeded Your word.” The plural now speaks of the people of the tribe. They are Levi, but they are also Levites. The actions of the people are what is now being highlighted.

The word of the Lord takes precedence over even the closest of family relationships. If parents, siblings, or even children come between a person and the Lord, they are to be overlooked, disregarded, and treated as a stranger. Nothing can come between the faithful and the word of the Lord. Levi accepted the premise and applied it…

9 (con’t) And kept Your covenant.

uberitekha yintsoru – “And Your covenant they have guarded.” The covenant of the Lord, which is based upon the word of the Lord, must take priority. To not heed it is to find death. To heed it is to find life. All family relations will end, but the covenant and the word remain. Levi was presented with a choice –

“Now when Moses saw that the people were unrestrained (for Aaron had not restrained them, to their shame among their enemies), 26 then Moses stood in the entrance of the camp, and said, ‘Whoever is on the Lord’s side—come to me!’ And all the sons of Levi gathered themselves together to him. 27 And he said to them, ‘Thus says the Lord God of Israel: “Let every man put his sword on his side, and go in and out from entrance to entrance throughout the camp, and let every man kill his brother, every man his companion, and every man his neighbor.”’ 28 So the sons of Levi did according to the word of Moses. And about three thousand men of the people fell that day. 29 Then Moses said, ‘Consecrate yourselves today to the Lord, that He may bestow on you a blessing this day, for every man has opposed his son and his brother.’” Exodus 32:25-29

This incident is what Moses is referring to now. Levi has put the word of the Lord, and His covenant, first. They went throughout the camp without recognizing faces, and they slew any who came before them. Because of this, they were granted the high honor of the priestly class and of those attached to them.

This then explains why Moses chose Massah and Meribah as his points of reference. Because those two events encompass the time of the giving of the law, from redemption out of Egypt until standing at the door of Canaan, their zeal for the Lord was a highlight among all of the failings of Israel, and – indeed – all the failings of Levi, including those of Moses and Aaron.

What they did was a demonstration of what the Lord finds pleasing above all else, meaning attendance to His word. Because of their moment of faithfulness…

10 They shall teach Jacob Your judgments,

yoru mishpatekha l’yaaqov – “They instruct Your judgments to Jacob.” Moses uses the word yarah, to shoot as an arrow. As such, it gives the sense of pointing out, as if aiming by the finger. Hence, it is instruction in the judgments recorded for them. Further…

10 (con’t) And Israel Your law.

v’torahtekha l’yisrael – “And Your law to Israel.” This is still an explanation of the verb yarah, and thus the two clauses are set in parallel. Just as they point out the judgments of the Lord to Jacob, so they point out the law of the Lord to Israel. The substance of the clauses is simply a poetic parallel –

They instruct:
Your judgments to Jacob.
And Your law to Israel.

10 (con’t) They shall put incense before You,

yasimu qetorah b’apekha – “They put incense in your nostril.” This and the next clause are again parallel thoughts. In this clause is a word found only here in Scripture, qetorah. It signifies the smoke of incense. This is specifically speaking of the twice-daily mandate to burn the specially compounded incense which was then presented each day before the Lord –

“Aaron shall burn on it sweet incense every morning; when he tends the lamps, he shall burn incense on it. And when Aaron lights the lamps at twilight, he shall burn incense on it, a perpetual incense before the Lord throughout your generations.” Exodus 30:7, 8

Along with that…

10 (con’t) And a whole burnt sacrifice on Your altar.

v’kalil al mizbekhekha – “And holocaust upon Your altar.” The words speak of the second twice-daily offering made to the Lord –

“Now this is what you shall offer on the altar: two lambs of the first year, day by day continually. 39 One lamb you shall offer in the morning, and the other lamb you shall offer at twilight. 40 With the one lamb shall be one-tenth of an ephah of flour mixed with one-fourth of a hin of pressed oil, and one-fourth of a hin of wine as a drink offering. 41 And the other lamb you shall offer at twilight; and you shall offer with it the grain offering and the drink offering, as in the morning, for a sweet aroma, an offering made by fire to the Lord. 42 This shall be a continual burnt offering throughout your generations at the door of the tabernacle of meeting before the Lord, where I will meet you to speak with you.” Exodus 29:38-42

The words of this verse then speak of the honor and the responsibilities given to Levi because of their act of faithfulness to the word and the covenant of the Lord. The clauses are parallel as they describe the twice daily duties that are actually both things that rise up before and to the Lord –

They put:
Incense in your nose nostril.
And holocaust upon Your altar.

Because of this, Moses calls for a special blessing upon them…

11 Bless his substance, Lord,

The words return to the second person singular: barekh Yehovah khelo – “Bless, Yehovah, his activity.” The word khayil speaks of the force of something. This is probably speaking of the future state of the tribe.

In other words, “Bless his activity” is asking for a blessing upon what Levi would accomplish in the future. They have their duties to perform, and Moses is asking for a blessing upon that. This appears to be what is being conveyed, but there is a reason for it that will take completing the verse first to understand. And more…

11 (con’t) And accept the work of his hands;

u-poal yada tirseh – “And deed his hands accept.” The word “work” or “deed” is singular. This is then parallel to the previous clause, and it refers to the future work of Levi in a collective sense – all of his works are one work.

As such, it is asking the Lord to accept their work in presenting the offerings, teaching the people, and so on. One can see the obvious parallel between the two –

Bless, Yehovah, his activity.
And deed his hands accept.

Next, Moses asks for a future blessing against any foes of Levi…

11 (con’t) Strike the loins of those who rise against him,

mekhats matenayim qama – “Shatter loins rising against him.” Some equate this to the rebellion of Korah from Numbers 16, but that was as much an internal rebellion as anything else. Instead, this is a petition to protect and defend not just the priesthood, but all of Levi.

The priests were the mediators of the law between God and the people, and the Levities then stood between the priesthood and the people. Moses is calling for those who would oppose this divinely instituted system to be shattered so that they cannot stand against them again. And more…

*11 (fin) And of those who hate him, that they rise not again.”

There is a stress in the Hebrew on the last word: u-mesana min yequmun – “And those hating him, from their rising!” The exclamation point attempts to give the sense of what is conveyed. This and the previous clause are set in parallel, but they are marvelously structured to overlap in their presentation –

Shatter loins *those rising (qum) against him
And those hating him, from *their rising (qum)!

Moses is asking for the Lord’s protection for the priesthood, bringing their enemies low so that the priests can continue with the ministrations of the law without interference.

Now, taking the clauses of verse 10 and 11 together, one can see another parallel that is set forth –

They instruct Your judgments to Jacob. (Levi’s work)
And Your law to Israel. (Levi’s work)
They put incense in your nostril. (Offering rising)
And holocaust upon Your altar. (Offering rising)

Bless, Yehovah, his activity. (Levi’s work)
And deed his hands accept. (Levi’s work)
Shatter loins rising against him. (Protection from rising enemy)
And those hating him, from their rising! (Protection from rising enemy)

One can see that because of the work of Levi, to present offerings, Moses is asking for the work of Levi to be uninterrupted by any enemy rising. Nothing is to interfere with the work.

With that noted, another parallel exists that is seen in the final two clauses of the blessing upon Judah which matches the final four clauses of the blessing upon Levi, meaning the work and the protection –

His hands abound to him. (The work of Judah/the Lord)
And help from his enemies may You be. (Protection from the enemy for Judah/the Lord)

Judah anticipates the coming Messiah, but so does Levi. Everything about the priests, the Levites, their duties, and their offerings – all of it – anticipates and typologically pictures the work of Jesus. Hence, one can see why Moses linked the blessings of Judah with those of Levi, but also why he placed Judah first.

Judah anticipates Christ in His Person while Levi (as a tribe) more closely anticipates Christ in His duties. In the end, everything is anticipating the coming of Messiah and of what He would do in fulfillment of this law.

It is a law that served its purpose well. It used fallible people who ministered it on behalf of fallible people who lived under it in order to show the impossibility of it bringing man any closer to God. The problem did not, however, exist in the law.

Rather, it exists in those under the law. Their defect, sin, is what kept this law from performing its purpose. In the identification of this defect, the need for One without sin to fulfill it becomes evident.

And more, it highlights the need for it to end, and for a New Covenant to enter into the fabric of God’s redemptive workings. It would need to be a law based upon the work of the One without defect, but which would grant that same state of perfection to those who enter into it.

This is what Christ did. He completed the mission set before Him, fulfilled the law that stood against us, and then He offers His righteousness to us – not through that law, but through faith in His fulfillment of that law.

It is what we might call the greatest deal of all time. And it is a deal that extends to “all time.” God has made the offer, and He asks you to accept Him at His word, “Adam blew it, the law highlights that fact. Now, I have done this for you, just accept that My word is true.”

May you carefully consider this, and may you receive the marvelous gift that God has extended to you. And may you do so today.

Closing Verse: “But the free gift is not like the offense. For if by the one man’s offense many died, much more the grace of God and the gift by the grace of the one Man, Jesus Christ, abounded to many. 16 And the gift is not like that which came through the one who sinned. For the judgment which came from one offense resulted in condemnation, but the free gift which came from many offenses resulted in justification.” Romans 5:15, 16

Next Week: Deuteronomy 33:12-17 Moses will continue to bless the tribes until the blessings are through… (Moses Blesses Israel, Part II) (101st Deuteronomy Sermon)

The Lord has you exactly where He wants you. He has a good plan and purpose for you. But He also has expectations of you as He prepares you for entrance into His Land of Promise. So, follow Him and trust Him and He will do marvelous things for you and through you.

Moses Blesses Israel, Part I

“Let Reuben live, and not die
Nor let his men be few, but be numbered high

And this he said of Judah:
“Hear, LORD, the voice of Judah
And bring him to his people as you please
Let his hands be sufficient for him
And may You be a help against his enemies

And of Levi he said:
“Let Your Thummim and Your Urim
———-be with Your holy one days unended
Whom You tested at Massah
And with whom You at the waters of Meribah contended

Who says of his father and mother
———-‘I have not seen them’
Nor did he acknowledge his brothers
Or know his own children until the wrath was spent
For they have observed Your word
And kept Your covenant

They shall teach Jacob Your judgments
And Israel Your law, in this they shall not falter
They shall put incense before You
And a whole burnt sacrifice on Your altar

Bless his substance, LORD
And accept the work of his hands among men
Strike the loins of those who rise against him
And of those who hate him, that they rise not again

Lord God, turn our hearts to be obedient to Your word
Give us wisdom to be ever faithful to You
May we carefully heed each thing we have heard
Yes, Lord God may our hearts be faithful and true

And we shall be content and satisfied in You alone
We will follow You as we sing our songs of praise
Hallelujah to You; to us Your path You have shown
Hallelujah we shall sing to You for all of our days

Hallelujah and Amen…

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

“Let Reuben live, and not die,
Nor let his men be few.”

And this he said of Judah:

“Hear, Lord, the voice of Judah,
And bring him to his people;
Let his hands be sufficient for him,
And may You be a help against his enemies.”

And of Levi he said:

Let Your Thummim and Your Urim be with Your holy one,
Whom You tested at Massah,
And with whom You contended at the waters of Meribah,
Who says of his father and mother,
‘I have not seen them’;
Nor did he acknowledge his brothers,
Or know his own children;
For they have observed Your word
And kept Your covenant.
10 They shall teach Jacob Your judgments,
And Israel Your law.
They shall put incense before You,
And a whole burnt sacrifice on Your altar.
11 Bless his substance, Lord,
And accept the work of his hands;
Strike the loins of those who rise against him,
And of those who hate him, that they rise not again.”

Deuteronomy 33:1-5 (The Lord Came From Sinai)

Artwork by Doug Kallerson.

Deuteronomy 33:1-5
The Lord Came From Sinai

Despite very difficult Hebrew at times, there are unmistakable anticipations of Christ in our first three verses today. But the Hebrew is also beautiful in how it portrays the Lord even from a simple reading without looking at the finer details of what is presented.

What is rather interesting is that Moses says that the Lord came from Sinai, but some people conduct their lives as if He never left there. Instead, it is as if He is still there to this day, issuing out commands and prophecies.

At least, this is the substance behind their theology. Sinai was chosen to reveal things about what Jesus would do. It was also chosen to be a point of reference for the law itself and how the law fit into the greater picture of redemptive history.

It is not that the Lord came from Sinai and keeps coming from Sinai, but that Sinai is a point of reference for us to understand what He would do, what He did do, and what that means for our walk before the Lord.

Paul shows us this in the book of Galatians through a simple explanation of the metaphorical nature of what the word of the Lord has presented in three separate things –

1) the account of Abraham, his wife, his bondwoman, and the children that issued from them;
2) the giving of the law at Sinai; and
3) the administration of that law in Jerusalem, or the administration of the New Covenant from heaven.

His words form our text verse today…

Text Verse: “Tell me, you who desire to be under the law, do you not hear the law? 22 For it is written that Abraham had two sons: the one by a bondwoman, the other by a freewoman. 23 But he who was of the bondwoman was born according to the flesh, and he of the freewoman through promise, 24 which things are symbolic. For these are the two covenants: the one from Mount Sinai which gives birth to bondage, which is Hagar— 25 for this Hagar is Mount Sinai in Arabia, and corresponds to Jerusalem which now is, and is in bondage with her children— 26 but the Jerusalem above is free, which is the mother of us all.” Galatians 4:21-26

Abraham was given a promise. The promise cannot be later annulled by some other event. It stands between the Lord and him regardless of the introduction or fulfillment of any other thing.

In awaiting the continuance of that promise, which we later find out is a son through his wife (the freewoman) Sarah, Abraham had a child through Sarah’s servant (the bondwoman), Hagar.

Paul tells us that God used those events to symbolically tell us a greater story. The child of the bondwoman, Ishmael, came in the normal way children come, according to the flesh. If you don’t know about that yet, ask your mom. The point is that the son was born through a bondwoman.

The child of the freewoman, however, came according to a promise. As this is so, even if the child was conceived and born in the typical way, the fact that he came by a promise from God was not.

With this understood, Paul tells us that the birth of these sons symbolically anticipated what God would do through His covenants. The first covenant, the one at Sinai, brings forth sons born into bondage because the covenant itself is one of bondage.

This covenant, the one initiated at Sinai, was administered in Jerusalem, at the temple. It is a covenant of bondage. This is because sin is bondage. The law is what makes sin possible, and in violating the law, sin comes about. There is nothing free about the law. The law is bondage because it leads to sin. As this is so, those who are under the law are in bondage.

On the other hand, there is another covenant, the Christ Covenant that came through His work in fulfillment of the law. Being sinless, he had nothing binding Him. He was free, and He remained free.

In His death, He brought the law of bondage to an end for all who believe. As Paul says, “For Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to everyone who believes” (Romans 10:4). This is the covenant of promise, and it corresponds to Sarah’s giving birth to Abraham’s son Isaac, which came by promise.

This covenant is administered in the heavenly Jerusalem. And as Sarah was free, so is the Jerusalem in heaven. Thus, the sons of this covenant are free. There is no bondage because there is no sin that comes from or through the administration of this covenant.

As this is so, one must decide where he will hang his hat. It is not a matter to be taken lightly. It is the most important decision one who is presented with the two covenants can make. The Jews, to this day, have made their choice to follow Moses and the covenant made at Sinai.

Many supposed Christians have made the same choice as the Jews. One cannot have one foot in the law and one foot in Christ. It is one or the other, and if the law is a part of either, then the law – by default – takes precedence (see Galatians 5:3).

And then, there are those who have come to Christ alone in order to find their peace with God. They are free because Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to everyone who believes (Romans 10:4). Without law, there is no sin (Romans 5:13). Without sin, there is no bondage. Thus, in Christ, we are free.

This is an important point to understand because our verses today deal with it. It is great and glorious what Jesus Christ has done. The marvel of it is to be found in His superior word. And so, let us turn to that precious word once again and… May God speak to us through His word today and may His glorious name ever be praised.

I. He Hides the Peoples (verses 1-3)

Now this is the blessing with which Moses the man of God blessed

The Hebrew bears an article overlooked by all translations: v’zoth ha’berakah asher berakh mosheh ish ha’elohim – “And this the blessing which blessed Moses, man THE God.”

Out of about twenty-six hundred uses of the word Elohim, or God, the definite article is used with it less than four hundred times. It is always purposeful, and it is used when referring to man’s relationship, or interactions, with the true God.

Moses is not just a man of God, but he is a man of THE God. His life was, and continues to be, noted as one that is fully in line with the intents, purposes, and goals of the one true God. This is the first time the title “man of the God” is found in Scripture. It will be a term used frequently of Elijah and Elisha in the books of Kings.

But more than even this, the statement indicates that his words – as recorded in the books that are credited to him – are the words of the true God as well. His words are divine communications being conveyed through him. This includes the final words of his that are recorded in this chapter of Deuteronomy.

The inclusion of the article sets off Moses the man, and his words, as being aligned wholly and completely with Yehovah, the one true God. The blessing given is one by which Moses blessed…

1 (con’t) the children of Israel

eth bene Yisrael – “sons Israel.” The words speak of the sons of Israel by their names, Reuben, Judah, and the other remaining ones as well. However, the idea obviously extends to those who issue from them. The whole is accounted as Israel, but then there is a division that separates the whole into individual, set, and specific lines by which the people are designated.

Saying the term “children” as many translations do is not inappropriate. They are sons, but the people who issue from the sons are young and old, male and female, etc. But more to the point, they are “children” under the law. Paul explains this theological point in Galatians 4 –

“Now I say that the heir, as long as he is a child, does not differ at all from a slave, though he is master of all, but is under guardians and stewards until the time appointed by the father. Even so we, when we were children, were in bondage under the elements of the world. But when the fullness of the time had come, God sent forth His Son, born of a woman, born under the law, to redeem those who were under the law, that we might receive the adoption as sons.
And because you are sons, God has sent forth the Spirit of His Son into your hearts, crying out, ‘Abba, Father!’ Therefore you are no longer a slave but a son, and if a son, then an heir of God through Christ.” Galatians 4:1-7

As this is so, translating this as “sons” or as “children” are both acceptable, depending on what reference point is being spoken of. It is to this body of people, Israel, and specifically to the individual tribes that issue from him, that Moses will now bless the people…

1 (con’t) before his death.

The act of blessing here is one that was seen in the lives of both Isaac, who is the father of Israel, and of Israel, from whom these lines issue forth –

“Now it came to pass, when Isaac was old and his eyes were so dim that he could not see, that he called Esau his older son and said to him, ‘My son.’
And he answered him, ‘Here I am.’
Then he said, ‘Behold now, I am old. I do not know the day of my death. Now therefore, please take your weapons, your quiver and your bow, and go out to the field and hunt game for me. And make me savory food, such as I love, and bring it to me that I may eat, that my soul may bless you before I die.’” Genesis 27:1-4

&

“And Jacob called his sons and said, ‘Gather together, that I may tell you what shall befall you in the last days:’” … “And when Jacob had finished commanding his sons, he drew his feet up into the bed and breathed his last, and was gathered to his people.” Genesis 49:1 & 33

Isaac had intended to bless Esau, but through cunning and trickery Jacob had received the blessing. Just prior to his own demise, Jacob likewise gave forth his blessing upon his sons. As for Moses, he is the leader of the people and their lawgiver.

As they are a people under this law, they are as children united in a family relationship who are awaiting the promise which they alone are the heirs of – that of the promised coming of Messiah. It is to this group of people, waiting to be adopted as true sons of God through Him, that the blessing of their lawgiver will now come forth…

And he said:

va’yomar – “And he said.” Because of the words “man of the God” in the previous verse, and now “And he said” here, many scholars say that this introduction was penned later. This would mean that Moses decided to bless the tribes, what he said was recorded as he spoke it out (possibly by Joshua), and that the one who recorded the blessings explained what happened.

But just as likely is that Moses, knowing that he would die, wrote out these words in advance, including the words “man of the God.” As such, it is a claim that the words are God’s, that they came through Moses, and that God approved them.

We can’t be sure either way, but I would personally lean to Moses being the author in any such debatable section. No matter what, his words of blessing now begin with…

2 (con’t) “The Lord came from Sinai,

Yehovah mi’sinay ba – “Yehovah from Sinai came.” As an introductory note, this is the last time that Sinai (Horeb) is mentioned in the books of Moses.

As for the words themselves, they are poetic, and they speak of the Lord as if coming forth like the sunrise, illuminating the land. In this case, the Lord first manifested Himself to Israel by coming to Moses at the burning bush as is recorded in Exodus 3.

There Moses was told that he would be used to deliver the people. As an assurance of that, the Lord spoke clearly to Moses –

“So He said, ‘I will certainly be with you. And this shall be a sign to you that I have sent you: When you have brought the people out of Egypt, you shall serve God on this mountain.’” Exodus 3:12

The Lord came forth from Sinai (Bush of the Thorn/Bush of the Lord), and He displayed His glory at Sinai, radiating out His majesty from there.

When the name Sinai is used instead of Horeb, it is given in connection with the redemptive workings of God in Christ and in anticipation of His cross. Moses next says…

2 (con’t) And dawned on them from Seir;

v’zarakh mi’Seir la’mo – “And irradiated from Seir to them.” The word zarakh gives the sense of shooting forth beams as the day dawns, even while the sun is rising, but before it has actually arisen.

From the coming forth of the Lord from Sinai, the glory of the Lord is seen to irradiate from Seir (Hairy). The name Hairy is because of the appearance of the mountain, being covered with low bushes thus giving it a hairy appearance. But hair in the Bible signifies an awareness of things, especially in relation to sin.

2 (con’t) He shone forth from Mount Paran,

hophia me’har Paran – “He shone forth from Mount Paran.” It is a new word, yapha. It signifies to shine forth, but not as the rising of the sun shoots forth. Rather, it is to be light itself; it is a causing of light to shine forth. A good example of this word is found in Psalm 50 which parallels the previous clauses as well –

“The Mighty One, God the Lord,
Has spoken and called the earth
From the rising of the sun to its going down.
Out of Zion, the perfection of beauty,
God will shine forth.” Psalm 50:1, 2

For now, Paran means Glorious. The word is used quite a few times in the Old Testament, but it is only affixed to the word “Mount” twice – here and in a similarly worded passage in Habakkuk 3 –

“God came from Teman,
The Holy One from Mount Paran. Selah
His glory covered the heavens,
And the earth was full of His praise.
His brightness was like the light;
He had rays flashing from His hand,
And there His power was hidden.
Before Him went pestilence,
And fever followed at His feet.” Habakkuk 3:3-5

As such, this refers to the Mount of Glory, or the Glorious Mount. Of the resplendent Lord, it next says…

2 (con’t) And He came with ten thousands of saints;

The translation is incorrect. It says “from,” not “with,” and the word “saints” is not right. It is a masculine singular noun: v’athah m’rivot qodesh – “And He came from myriads of holiness.”

The word translated as “came” is athah. It is a new word signifying “to come.” It is only used in words set off in a poetic manner, never in a general discourse. Because of this, it calls special attention to the coming, as if a herald is making a distinctive proclamation. Isaiah uses it ten times in his book, more than any other book in Scripture.

What is being said here is that the Lord has come from the place where the holy angels dwell. It is reflective of what is said of Him in Daniel 7 –

“A fiery stream issued
And came forth from before Him.
A thousand thousands ministered to Him;
Ten thousand times ten thousand stood before Him.” Daniel 7:10

The Lord left the glory of heaven to come and allow His light to shine upon Israel. At this time…

2 (con’t) From His right hand

mi’mino – “From His right hand.” The right hand is a symbol of power and authority. It is from this…

2 (con’t) Came a fiery law for them.

esh dath la’mo – “Fire-law for them.” This is the only time this expression is found in Scripture. Fire burns. In this it consumes, and purifies. What occurs is based on the substance that it interacts with. In the translation and its explanation, one can see anticipatory references to the coming of Christ –

*Yehovah from Sinai came.
The Lord Jesus came from the place of the thorn, the cross.

*And irradiated from Seir to them.
He illuminated the awareness of sin in man, becoming sin who knew no sin.

*He shone forth from Mount Paran.
He shone forth from the Glorious Mount – where He was crucified.

*And He came from myriads of holiness.
Having left heaven and the company of innumerable angels.

*From His right hand…
He is at the right hand of God, and He bears the power and authority of the Lord. It is from this position that came…

*Fire-law for them.He is both the Giver of the law and the embodiment of it. He is the standard of God by which all are judged. They (if unsaved), or their deeds (if saved), will either be consumed or purified –

“And the dead were judged according to their works, by the things which were written in the books. 13 The sea gave up the dead who were in it, and Death and Hades delivered up the dead who were in them. And they were judged, each one according to his works. 14 Then Death and Hades were cast into the lake of fire. This is the second death. 15 And anyone not found written in the Book of Life was cast into the lake of fire.” Revelation 20:12-15 (The unsaved).

“Now if anyone builds on this foundation with gold, silver, precious stones, wood, hay, straw, 13 each one’s work will become clear; for the Day will declare it, because it will be revealed by fire; and the fire will test each one’s work, of what sort it is. 14 If anyone’s work which he has built on it endures, he will receive a reward. 15 If anyone’s work is burned, he will suffer loss; but he himself will be saved, yet so as through fire.” 1 Corinthians 3:12-15 (The saved).

As long as the reference is understood in whatever dispensation of time is being addressed, the parallels are clearly seen.

Yes, He loves the people;

It is plural: aph khovev ammim – “Also He hides the peoples.” Here is a word, khavav, found only this one time and translated as “loves.” It comes from a root meaning “to hide.” To say, “He hides (or secrets away) the peoples,” is not incorrect. But the meaning would be obscure.

Therefore, one can think of them being hidden away in the bosom, and thus there being a sense of cherishing, affection, and love. However, despite all other translations, my use of the word “hide” conveys the typology of Christ better.

3 (con’t) All His saints are in Your hand;

It is an adjective, not a noun: kal qedosav b’yadekha – “All His holies in Your hand.” It is referring to the saints, but they are being described by their characteristic, which is that they are holy.

If you noticed, it goes from the third person to the second person, but the context surely demands that this is speaking of the Lord in each word (His and Your), and yet it is showing a definite distinction in how the Lord is being presented.

Next, referring to the holies (the saints), it says…

3 (con’t) They sit down at Your feet;

v’hem tuku l’raglekha – “And they gather to Your feet.” Another unique word is seen here, takah. It is unclear what it means. It comes from a primitive root meaning “to strew.” Thus “gather” seems to make good sense. The Greek translation says, “they are under thee.” That is somewhat of a paraphrase.

We can think of the peoples that the Lord loves gathered to the place of His feet. Thus, He is elevated as if on a throne with His people before Him. There…

3 (con’t) Everyone receives Your words.

yisa mi’daberotekha – “Lifts up Him from Your words.” Here is another unique word, a noun, dabarah. It is an intensive, coming from the verb meaning “to speak.” The verb itself is imperfect, and it is third person singular. It means to lift up or to carry. Being imperfect, it is “lifts up” or “carries.”

There are as many opinions on this verse and what its meaning is as can be imagined. Translations are all over the place and more often than not, they stray from the precision of what Moses says in order to try to make the words convey some sort of sense.

But the Lord is working through Moses to reveal Christ: “For if you believed Moses, you would believe Me; for he wrote about Me” (John 5:46). Israel will receive the blessings, but Christ is the Subject and the Object of what he is now conveying. So, with the most literal translation possible, it says –

*Also He hides the peoples.
The word “peoples” is telling. It does not use a word signifying “tribes” as would be expected if speaking of Israel. Hence, it is referring to any peoples. Those who are in Christ, from any people group, are hidden (and thus beloved) in Christ –

“For you died, and your life is hidden with Christ in God. When Christ who is our life appears, then you also will appear with Him in glory.” Colossians 3:3, 4

*All His holies in Your hand.
The holies, those holy to the Lord (Yehovah, “His”) because of Christ are in “Your” (meaning Christ’s) hand. They are under His control, power, and authority. They are the Lord’s because they are Christ’s. The change in person only makes sense when the Subject is properly understood.

*And they gather to Your feet.
Just a couple of the many references will show what this refers to. First, the gathering –

“For I know their works and their thoughts. It shall be that I will gather all nations and tongues; and they shall come and see My glory.” Isaiah 66:18

“…he prophesied that Jesus would die for the nation, 52 and not for that nation only, but also that He would gather together in one the children of God who were scattered abroad.” John 11:51, 52

And next, that it will be at Christ’s feet –

“For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, that each one may receive the things done in the body, according to what he has done, whether good or bad.” 2 Corinthians 5:10

The “judgment seat” is an elevated seat known as the béma. The people will be gathered, and they will come before Him. The symbolism refers to Christ.

*Lifts up Him from Your words.
The change in person and the way the words are presented are so striking that it is hard to imagine how they can point to anything but the Lord.

There are scholars who have come up with inventive interpretations, such as Yehovah rising up when Israel (singular) speaks to Him, but such a thought means anything can mean anything and it does not fit with the previous clauses.

What is being said is that the Lord (Jesus) lifts up (carries) the words of Moses, which are the Lord’s (Yehovah’s) words. This is absolutely something He did. He quoted the words of law to the people, lifting them up as a witness both to them and against them.

It is the words of the Lord through Moses that speak of Jesus, that He lived by, that He instructed by, and which He fulfilled. And as He is the Prophet like Moses, referred to in Chapter 18, this clause actually anticipates Christ’s words continuing into the New Covenant as He continues to lift up the words of Yehovah.

The glorious Lord who came from Sinai
Also went to Calvary’s cross
As the years of the law passed by
There was only continued death and tragic loss

As His light dawned on them from Seir
It was destined that someday He would die
Time marched on from year to year
And the people experienced loss and wondered why

The Lord shone forth from Mount Paran
And He rose again from the darkened grave
And now His light shines eternally on
He is the Lord our God, mighty to save

II. King in Jeshurun (verses 4 & 5)

Moses commanded a law for us,

The words are definitive: torah tsivah lanu Moshe – “Law he commanded to us, Moses.” The change to the first person plural, “to us,” is noteworthy.

So much is this the case, that Cambridge naturally considers it a later insertion. As they say, “The change to 1st pers. plur. … the introduction of Moses’ name, and the fact that the line is an odd one, raise the suspicion that it is a gloss.”

That is their excuse for everything. “We can’t figure this out, so it must be a later insertion” is the explanation for what is presented. John Lange does agree with this. He says that Joshua used the same words as Moses, but then included the people of Israel in what is said –

torah tsivah eth Moshe – “Law He commanded to Moses.”
torah tsivah lanu Moshe – “Law he commanded to us, Moses.”

In other words, the subject is the Lord. He commanded the law to Moses who spoke out the words as in the first line. The scribe then repeated what is said, including Israel as the recipients because the law came from the Lord, through Moses.

The problem with this is that it then changes what Moses says. The words are complicated, and it is hard to definitively place them, but I think they were spoken just as they are written down.

The poem is about to enter into the blessings of the tribes. The law was given to them, and the blessings are likewise pronounced upon them.

The fact that the previous verses include the “peoples” doesn’t negate that the law was only for Israel. The result of what the Lord did, in relation to the law, is for all people. But Israel is the one who is given the schooling that is to lead to Jesus.

The lesson can be learned by all, but they are the ones who will live it out. Moses is of Israel, and so he is included in the address personally and as a part of the people. That explains why the words are given as they are – “Law he commanded to us, Moses.”

Ultimately, the law is from the Lord, and so He is the Subject, even if it is not stated directly. Hence, the words “to us” are inclusive of Moses, even if they came through Moses. He is not exempt from them. This is especially highlighted because it is he who will die outside of the land of promise.

4 (con’t) A heritage of the congregation of Jacob.

morashah qehilath yaaqov – “Possession assembly Jacob.” The word being translated as “congregation” is incorrect. It should be “assembly.” The form of it used here is a feminine form of a more common word, and it is found in Scripture only here and in Nehemiah 5:7.

The words are speaking of the law. It is considered as a heritage, or possession, of the “assembly of Jacob,” meaning the tribes that issue from him. This is absolutely true. The law is not a heritage (or possession) of anyone else. It was given to Israel, it was to be lived out by Israel, and it awaited its fulfillment from within Israel.

Crossing the lines of who the law was given to, or who is required to observe it, forms the greatest controversy of the book of Acts, and it is the main subject of Paul’s earliest written epistle, Galatians.

It was a heritage of the assembly of Jacob, and it belongs to no other group of people, except as it is fulfilled in Christ who then annulled it through His death and instituted a New Covenant at the same time. With this understood, the words continue…

And He was King in Jeshurun,

vayhi bishurun melek – “And He was in Jeshurun King.” The subject here is clearly the Lord, thus demonstrating that the analysis of the previous verse is at least correct in the intent of what is said. Moses may have given the law to Israel (“to us”), but it is the Lord who gave it through Moses.

There are two reasons why some ascribe these words as referring to Moses though. The first is to alleviate the difficulty of the previous verse by making him the only subject. The second is that he was the ruler over the people in the capacity of a king.

Both of these thoughts are incorrect. The issue with the previous verse has been explained. Also, Moses clearly disassociated himself from the idea of him being a king in Chapter 17 –

“When you come to the land which the Lord your God is giving you, and possess it and dwell in it, and say, ‘I will set a king over me like all the nations that are around me,’ 15 you shall surely set a king over you whom the Lord your God chooses; one from among your brethren you shall set as king over you; you may not set a foreigner over you, who is not your brother.” Deuteronomy 17:14, 15

The idea of a king did not exist in Moses, and it continued to not exist until the time of Saul where the Lord said –

“And the Lord said to Samuel, ‘Heed the voice of the people in all that they say to you; for they have not rejected you, but they have rejected Me, that I should not reign over them.’” 1 Samuel 8:7

The words now refer to the Lord as King. The unusual nature of how Moses said what he said in the previous verse was certainly to highlight this fact. As such, the Lord, who gave the law through Moses, is said to be King in Jeshurun, or “Upright.” It is a proper noun used when referring to Israel.

As far as translating these words now as, “And He was King,” that is fine, but it must be understood what is being said. It is not saying, “He once was.” Rather, it is saying that at a certain point “He became the King.” There was a time when He was not the King of Jeshurun, and then at a particular point in time, He was. That point in time was…

5 (con’t) When the leaders of the people were gathered,

b’hitaseph rashe am – “In gathering leaders people.” This is referring to what was stated in Exodus 19 –

“So Moses came and called for the elders of the people, and laid before them all these words which the Lord commanded him.” Exodus 19:7

At this time, the proposition was set forth by the Lord –

“Now therefore, if you will indeed obey My voice and keep My covenant, then you shall be a special treasure to Me above all people; for all the earth is Mine. And you shall be to Me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.’ These are the words which you shall speak to the children of Israel.” Exodus 19:5, 6

The words, “a kingdom of priests,” implies there is a King by which they become a kingdom. It was at Sinai, mentioned in verse 2, that Moses now refers to the Lord becoming the King. This is again testified to with the final words of the day…

*5 (fin) All the tribes of Israel together.

yakhad shivte Yisrael – “together tribes Israel.” This continues to refer to the time at Sinai –

“Then all the people answered together and said, ‘All that the Lord has spoken we will do.’ So Moses brought back the words of the people to the Lord.” Exodus 19:8

The leaders spoke for the tribes. Thus, when they accepted the words of the Lord, their answer stood for all of those under them. It was at this time that He was King in Jeshurun. Hence, the law was given to them, and they became the people of His kingdom.

As was seen, there are anticipations of Christ in the first verses of the passage today, but the law itself is a possession only of Israel. It has no part in what occurred in the Gentile world before the coming of Christ, and it has no part in the life of the people of God since Christ came, except as it is fulfilled in Him.

Unfortunately, this fact is either obscured or it is ignored because of faulty doctrine that has arisen within the church. There are those who say that the church has replaced Israel. The problem with this is that they will openly avow that the curses of the law have been, and continue to be, realized in Israel.

In this, there is an obvious disconnect in their thinking. If the law is finished and obsolete, and if the church has replaced Israel, then it cannot be that the curses of the law still belong to Israel. Or, if the law is not through, then the curses of Israel would then belong to the church. The thinking is unclear, unsound, and wrong.

Others claim that the precepts of the law are still binding on the church. But again, in this passage, as has been consistently seen, the law was given to Israel and to no other group. If the law is binding upon us today, it would mean that the church had, in fact, replaced or become a part of Israel.

As such, the curses would belong to this body, inclusive of those who had come to Christ. But this is completely contrary to the words of the epistles. An example is found in Galatians 3 –

“Christ has redeemed us from the curse of the law, having become a curse for us (for it is written, “Cursed is everyone who hangs on a tree”), 14 that the blessing of Abraham might come upon the Gentiles in Christ Jesus, that we might receive the promise of the Spirit through faith.” Galatians 3:13, 14

Again, the thinking is unclear, unsound, and just plain wrong. We must keep our theological boxes straight, or we will fall into great error. In this, those who are taught that the church replaced Israel will never know the true Jesus who is presented in Scripture, nor will they accept the true gospel message which God has presented to the world.

The law anticipated Christ, and it awaited His coming. It was then fully lived out through His life’s actions, and it was annulled in the shedding of His blood. This is what we must remember as we contemplate what is presented by Moses. He wrote of Christ, and it is only in Him that this law finds its true purpose and value.

Our futile attempts at living it out, as if we are bound by it, do not glorify Him at all. Rather, they diminish what Jesus has done, and they bring a curse upon us. That is all the law can do with fallen man. Let us trust in Christ who took this great and terrible burden from us. In this, God will be pleased with our lives as we live them out before Him.

Closing Verse: “Blessed be the Lord,
Who daily loads us with benefits,
The God of our salvation! Selah
20 Our God is the God of salvation;
And to God the Lord belong escapes from death.” Psalm 68:19, 20

Next Week: Deuteronomy 33:6-11 Moses will bless until the blessing is done… (Moses Blesses Israel, Part I) (100th Deuteronomy Sermon)

The Lord has you exactly where He wants you. He has a good plan and purpose for you. But He also has expectations of you as He prepares you for entrance into His Land of Promise. So, follow Him and trust Him and He will do marvelous things for you and through you.

The Lord Came From Sinai

Now this is the blessing
With which Moses the man of God, as we have read
Blessed the children of Israel
Before his death. And he said:

“The LORD came from Sinai
And dawned on them from Seir
He shone forth from Mount Paran
And He came with ten thousands of saints from there

From His right hand like a diadem
Came a fiery law for them

Yes, He loves the people
All His saints are in Your hand
They sit down at Your feet
Everyone receives Your words, words so grand

Moses commanded a law for us
A heritage of the congregation of Jacob
———-And He was King in Jeshurun
When the leaders of the people were gathered
All the tribes of Israel together as one

Lord God, turn our hearts to be obedient to Your word
Give us wisdom to be ever faithful to You
May we carefully heed each thing we have heard
Yes, Lord God may our hearts be faithful and true

And we shall be content and satisfied in You alone
We will follow You as we sing our songs of praise
Hallelujah to You; to us Your path You have shown
Hallelujah we shall sing to You for all of our days

Hallelujah and Amen…

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Now this is the blessing with which Moses the man of God blessed the children of Israel before his death. And he said:

“The Lord came from Sinai,
And dawned on them from Seir;
He shone forth from Mount Paran,
And He came with ten thousands of saints;
From His right hand
Came a fiery law for them.
Yes, He loves the people;
All His saints are in Your hand;
They sit down at Your feet;
Everyone receives Your words.
Moses commanded a law for us,
A heritage of the congregation of Jacob.
And He was King in Jeshurun,
When the leaders of the people were gathered,
All the tribes of Israel together.

Deuteronomy 32:44-54 (Because You Did Not Hallow Me)

Artwork by Doug Kallerson.

Deuteronomy 32:44-52
Because You Did Not Hallow Me

One of the things that never ceases to surprise me is when someone who has been watching our sermons for a length of time, as much as multiple years, will email me, call me, or ask me about some point or another that stems from the modern-day Judaizers – the Hebrew Roots movement – and ask if that point is true.

We talk frequently about doctrine in the sermons and Bible studies. We’ve discussed positive things like eternal salvation, and negative things like reintroducing the law – in part or in whole.

There are some things I’ve mentioned only a few times and I can see how someone might have missed that point or maybe forgotten it. I have forgotten a ton of what I have taught in the past myself. But there are other things that I have brought up so often, and so directly, that I’m not sure how anyone who has seen more than even a handful of sermons or studies could fail to get what I am conveying.

This doesn’t mean they agree or disagree with me on those points. I am referring to not knowing what I teach on them. How anyone could ask me, “Hey Charlie, I heard someone say we should not be eating pork. Is that correct?” When I hear something like that, I have to wonder if that person has paid attention for even one sermon.

Text Verse: “For on the one hand there is an annulling of the former commandment because of its weakness and unprofitableness, 19 for the law made nothing perfect; on the other hand, there is the bringing in of a better hope, through which we draw near to God.” Hebrews 7:18, 19

The meaning of the words of our text verse is that the law, meaning the law of Moses, is annulled. The word means nullified, voided, repealed, and so on. The reason why that occurred is because it was 1) weak, and 2) it was unprofitable.

The law was incapable of making anything perfect, and so Christ – who was already perfect – brought it to an end. It is done. For more clarification on that, please also read Hebrew 8:13 and 10:9. There is no part of the Law of Moses that we are bound to. Not a single precept.

Rather, we learn from the law about Christ, and then we come to Christ and learn our doctrine and theology from the New Testament epistles. If there is nothing else that you ever learn from the Superior Word, please hear this: Christ is the end of the law for righteousness for everyone who believes.

Do not listen to these Hebrew Roots people, or to anyone else who reinserts precepts from the Law of Moses into their New Covenant theology. Reject them! And yes, tithing is a precept of the Law of Moses too. Eat your pork, forget about tithing, and hold fast to Jesus. That’s it!

It’s all to be found in His superior word. And so, let us turn to that precious word once again and… May God speak to us through His word today and may His glorious name ever be praised.

I. For It Is Not an Empty Word from You (verses 44-47)

The Song of Moses was completed in last week’s sermon, but it is referred to in our first verses today. As it is his swan song, and because I would like you to hear it as I translated it, I will read it to you before we enter into the sermon verses.

I’m not saying this is a better translation; it’s not. It’s just more literal. Where Moses uses a verb as a noun, that it was I have done. Or where he uses a noun instead of an adjective, that is what I have done. Therefore, it is probably less understandable, but it is more precise than you might otherwise hear. And yes, I am sure there are errors in this. But it is my best effort after about 50 hours of study. I hope you will enjoy it as much as I did.

  1. Give ear you, the heavens, and I will speak.

And hear, the earth, words my mouth.

  1. Let drop as the rain my teaching.

Stream as the dew, my speech.

As showers upon the tender grass.

And as abundant drops upon the tender herbs.

  1. For Name Yehovah I invoke.

Ascribe you [all] greatness to our God!

  1. The Rock!

Perfect His work.

For all His ways just.

God of stability and no unrighteousness.

Righteous and upright HE.

  1. He [Israel] has corrupted himself.

Not His sons.

Their blemish.

Generation twisted and warped.

  1. Do to Yehovah you [all] do this?

People foolish and no wise.

Not HE your Father your Purchaser?

HE made you and established you.

  1. Remember days antiquity.

Mentally scan years generation and generation.

Ask your father and he is to declare to you.

Your elders and they will say to you.

  1. In bequeathing Most High nations.

In His separating sons of man.

He establishes boundaries peoples.

To number sons Israel.

  1. For portion Yehovah His people.

Jacob line His inheritance.

  1. He finds him in a land – a wilderness.

And in chaos – a howling, wasteland.

He encompasses him; He educates him.

He guards him as little man His eye.

  1. As eagle wakes up his nest.

Over His young He flutters.

Spreads His wings; He takes him.

He lifts him up on His pinions.

  1. Yehovah alone He leads him.

And no with Him god foreign.

  1. He makes him ride upon high places earth.

And he eats produce fields.

And he makes to suck honey from crag.

And oil from flinty rock.

  1. Curd cattle and milk flock.

With fat lambs.

And rams sons of Bashan and goats.

With fat kidneys wheat.

And blood grape you drink wine.

  1. And he grows fat, Yeshurun, and he kicks.

You grew fat! You grew thick!

You are bulging!

And he deserts God who made him.

And he humiliates Rock his salvation.

  1. They move Him to jealousy in strangers.

In abominations they are provoking Him to indignation.

  1. They are sacrificing to the demons, not God.

‘Gods’ no they knew.

Newbies, from near they came.

No have they dreaded, your fathers.

  1. Rock brought forth you; may you forget!

And you have forgotten God in travail with you.

  1. And saw, Yehovah, and spurned.

From provocation His sons and His daughters.

  1. And He said, I will hide My face from them.

I will see what their end.

For generation contrariness.

They children no trustworthiness in them.

  1. They provoked me jealous in ‘no-god.’

They have moved Me to indignation in their bubbles.

And I, I will provoke them to jealousy in no-people.

In nation foolish I will move them to indignation.

  1. For fire kindled in My nostril.

And shall burn even to Sheol lowest.

And consume land and her increase.

And enflame foundations mountains.

  1. I will amass upon them evils.

My arrows I will expend in them.

  1. Emaciated, hunger.

And consumed fever and depletion bitter.

And fang beasts I will send in them.

With a burning, reptiles dust.

  1. From out shall bereave sword.

And from inner chambers, dread.

Also young man; also virgin.

Suckling with man advancement.

  1. I have said: ‘I will blow them away.’

I will cause to cease from mankind memory them.

  1. If not provocation enemy I would abide.

Lest should discern their adversaries.

Lest they will say: ‘Our hand is exalted!

And no Yehovah who accomplished all this.

  1. For nation devoid prudence they.

And no in them understanding.

  1. If they were wise, they would understand this!

They would consider to their latter end!

  1. How could chase one a thousand?

And two cause to flee a multitude?

For their Rock had sold them.

And Yehovah delivered them.

  1. For no like our Rock their rock.

And our enemies, judges.

  1. For from vine Sodom their vine.

And from fields Gomorrah.

Their grapes, grapes of poison.

Clusters bitter to them.

  1. Burning of serpents their wine.

And poison vipers cruel.

  1. They not stored with Me?

Sealed in My treasuries?

  1. To Me vengeance and recompense.

To time shall waver their foot.

For near day their calamity.

And hasten readied [things] to them.

  1. For will judge Yehovah His people.

And upon His servants He will comfort.

For He sees for is disappeared hand.

And none restraining and relinquishing.

  1. And He said: ‘Where their gods?’

Rock they refuged in?

  1. Who fat their sacrifices they eat!

They drink wine their libations.

They arising and they helping you!

May it be over you haven!

  1. See now! For I, I HE!

And no God with Me.

I, I terminate, and I life-sustain.

I have shattered, and I heal.

And no from My hand deliver.

  1. For I lift up unto heavens My hand.

And I say, ‘Live I to eternity.’

  1. If I whet brilliance My sword.

And grasps in judgment My hand.

I will return vengeance to My adversaries.

And to those hating Me I repay.

  1. I make drunk My arrows from blood.

And My sword devours flesh.

From blood slain and captives.

From head freemen enemy.

  1. Rejoice you, nations, His people!

For blood His servants He will avenge.

And vengeance He returns to His adversaries.

And He has atoned His earth, His people.

44 So Moses came with Joshua the son of Nun and spoke all the words of this song in the hearing of the people.

The order of words in the NKJV doesn’t really convey the sense of the Hebrew. Plus, the Hebrew reads Hoshea, not Joshua. It more literally reads, “And comes Moses, and speaks all words of this song in the ears of the people – he and Hoshea the son of Nun.”

The name Hoshea is used only three times when referring to Joshua. It is seen elsewhere in Numbers 13:8 and Numbers 13:16. In the latter, it says, “These are the names of the men whom Moses sent to spy out the land. And Moses called Hoshea the son of Nun, Joshua.”

The name Hoshea means “Salvation.” However, where the prefixed “H” at the beginning of the name is from is debated. It could be the definite article, thus meaning “The Salvation.” It could also be affixed as a sort of exclamation. If so, Abarim then renders the name, “Yo! Saved!”

Moses is the principal who has come forth and spoken out the words. Hoshea has come with him, being only incidentally noted. He probably sat with Moses, but the reading was accomplished by Moses.

However, this is perfectly in accord with the words of verse 31:19 where the command to write down the words of the song was stated in the plural, indicating both Moses and Joshua –

“Now therefore, write [pl.] down this song for yourselves, and teach [sg.] it to the children of Israel; put [sg.] it in their mouths, that this song may be a witness for Me against the children of Israel.”

Moses and Joshua were to write it, meaning probably that Moses spoke it forth while Joshua wrote, thus both participating. And then Moses was to teach it and put it in their mouths. Thus, what is recorded now is a precise fulfillment of that.

As for using the name Hoshea (Salvation), instead of Yehoshua (the Lord is Salvation), regardless of any other reason, this absolutely identifies that it is the same person who had been faithful forty years earlier and who had stood on the side of the Lord when all the spies and the people had rebelled against Him.

Hoshea was designated to go into Canaan. At that time, Moses called him Yehoshua, a name he has been called since. However, just prior to entering the land, he is once again designated by his original name, Hoshea.

It is thus not unlike Jacob who was twice named Israel (Genesis 32:28 and Genesis 35:10). In this, (Hoshea/Yehoshua – Salvation/Yah is Salvation) we see hints of Jesus (Yeshua) who is Salvation, and who is the Lord (Yehovah) who is Salvation. Jesus came to save His people because He is the Lord who saves His people.

In this verse, and in the surrounding picture of events, there is this rather incredible expression of what God is doing. The Lord speaks His word to and through Moses (He who draws out). It anticipates the Lord Jesus drawing out the will of the Lord – His standard.

Joshua (Yah is Salvation – God in Christ) is there, included in the writing of the word. The Lord (Yehovah) is expressing Himself through the Word. Now, the name is changed to Hoshea (Salvation). He is there receiving the word. The humanity of Jesus receives the word and embodies it.

Moses cannot enter the promise but must die outside of it. Christ Jesus dies in fulfillment of the law and the law dies with Him. Jesus (Salvation) rises as the Giver of the New Covenant, confirming He is the Lord (Yehovah) who is Salvation.

How do you express all of what Christ Jesus is doing? You introduce several figures to represent the various roles, and in the middle of the process you introduce a secondary name to indicate the role He will then fulfill in a unique way.

The entire process is just at the edge of what the mind can grasp, but it is clear enough to reveal what God would do in Christ – the God/Man.

As for Hoshea’s father, Nun, and as noted already, it is the confirmation that it is the same family, and he is the same faithful person noted in Numbers. And more, it is also a confirmation of what the Lord will do.

Nun is from the verb nun, to propagate, or increase. This is what Christ would do, increasing the family of God through His completed work. As for the law itself, which includes the speaking forth of the song…

45 Moses finished speaking

v’kal mosheh l’daber – “And finished Moses to speak.” The meticulous recording of the fact is given to show complete and absolute obedience to the previous command. Nothing directed by the Lord has gone by the wayside, including the speaking out of…

45 (con’t) all these words to all Israel,

The voice of Moses personally spoke out the words to those who represented all of Israel. Hence, it is “to all Israel” not just at this time, but for all time. In his speaking forth the words, and in the recording that he has done so, it stands as a witness for all Israel for all time. This is certainly the sense that should be derived here, and it is reflected in what he next says…

46 and he said to them: “Set your hearts on all the words

The Hebrew is direct – “Set to your hearts to all the words.” The heart refers to the mind, the seat of reasoning. Moses is telling them that they are to take the words and set them to their minds, meaning fix them firmly there.

This must be considered a command in and of itself. As such, to fail to do so, which is something anyone who has not completely memorized them is guilty of, then it is its own violation of the law. The impossible trap of noncompliance is practically written into what is said. It makes the knowledge of God in Christ all the sweeter to consider. Moses is referring to the words…

46 (con’t) which I testify among you today,

The verb ud comes from a root signifying to duplicate or repeat. It is that which comes around again. In other words, Moses is bringing around again that which he received, duplicating it in the ears of the people. It is that which the Lord spoke to Moses, using the noun form, ed, in the previous chapter –

“Now therefore, write down this song for yourselves, and teach it to the children of Israel; put it in their mouths, that this song may be a witness for Me against the children of Israel. 20 When I have brought them to the land flowing with milk and honey, of which I swore to their fathers, and they have eaten and filled themselves and grown fat, then they will turn to other gods and serve them; and they will provoke Me and break My covenant. 21 Then it shall be, when many evils and troubles have come upon them, that this song will testify against them as a witness; for it will not be forgotten in the mouths of their descendants, for I know the inclination of their behavior today, even before I have brought them to the land of which I swore to give them.” Deuteronomy 31:19-21

Thus, they are the very words of the Lord, and they are those same words…

46 (con’t) which you shall command your children to be careful to observe—all the words of this law.

The words continue in the plural, “you all shall command.” It is a directive not just for the nation in general, but everyone in the nation in particular. The people were to learn the words, and they were to command them to their children. The unceasing nature of the mandate is clearly noted here.

It’s rather tragic too, because if you were to ask the most basic question of the law to almost any Jewish person today, they might (?) get the names of the books of Moses right, but not much more. The utter failure of their keeping of the law is reflected in this, and the sentiment today is that found at the time of Jeremiah –

“Now therefore, speak to the men of Judah and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, saying, ‘Thus says the Lord: “Behold, I am fashioning a disaster and devising a plan against you. Return now every one from his evil way, and make your ways and your doings good.”’”
12 And they said, “That is hopeless! So we will walk according to our own plans, and we will every one obey the dictates of his evil heart.” Jeremiah 18:11, 12

This is the burden of the law, and is it that which was intended to conduct the people to Jesus. This was its true and ultimate purpose. The law, with all of its stern warnings of impending doom and judgment, is actually a letter of love pointing the weary soul to a restful abode in the presence of Christ.

But the law had to serve its time and have its purpose fulfilled. Until that time arrived, and until it was finally completed by Him, it was to be a guard for the people…

47 For it is not a futile thing for you,

Though nobody translates it this way, the preposition is “from,” not “for.” And more, it bears an emphasis: ki lo davar req hu mikem – “For not word empty, IT, from you.” Therefore, this is not speaking directly about Moses’ words to them, but the repetition of Moses’ words to the children –

“Set your hearts on all the words which I testify among you today, which you shall command your children to be careful to observe—all the words of this law. 47 For it is not a futile thing for [from] you, because it is your life, and by this word you shall prolong your days in the land which you cross over the Jordan to possess.”

The point here is that Israel is, in fact, going over to possess the land. But that possession will end if the word is not extended to those who come after this generation. Therefore, it is that Israel hears the word and applies it, but also passes it on. It is…

47 (con’t) because it is your life,

Again, it bears an emphasis: ki hu khayekem – “For IT your life.” This is the last time that this thought is expressed in Deuteronomy. In fact, it is the last time that the word khai, or life, is spoken forth in the book. And it is directly speaking of the word. The word is equated to the life of the people. But what is the word that it can bear such power?

The word hu, or it, is a masculine pronoun, but because it is speaking of the word, the law, it is rendered “it.” However, in understanding one’s New Testament theology properly, one cannot help but see more clearly what John was thinking as he opened his gospel –

“In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. He was in the beginning with God. All things were made through Him, and without Him nothing was made that was made. In Him was life, and the life was the light of men.” John 1:1-4

It is hard to imagine that John was thinking of anything other than exactly this. Though written in Greek, John’s thinking was that of a Hebrew. Today, when the New Testament is translated into Hebrew, the same word, davar, is used when translating John 1:1.

Jesus Christ is the embodiment, the physical manifestation of, the word of God which is expressed through the law which Moses has put forth. Jesus explicitly said this to the people in both John 5:38, 39, and John 5:46. Therefore, to reject the word Moses conveys is to then reject everything anticipated in Christ. And to reject Christ, when He came, is to utterly reject the Lord God. As such…

47 (con’t) and by this word you shall prolong your days in the land

It does not say “in the land,” rather: u-ba’davar ha’zeh taariku yamim al ha’adamah – “and in the word, the this, you shall prolong days upon the ground.” This is speaking less of Israel possessing Canaan itself than it is speaking of the people possessing life upon the ground.

What good would it be to possess the ground if the ground was barren, dried up, and dead? The people would die from famine. This is what is being more directly conveyed. Thus, “life” of the last clause is what is being connected to “prolong days.” And that is upon the ground…

47 (con’t) which you cross over the Jordan to possess.”

As has been seen before, there is a sort of pun being conveyed here, where the verb translated as “cross over” is used: asher atem overim eth ha’yarden shamah l’rishtah – “which you ‘crossers-over’ the Jordan there to possess.”

The word overim, or “crossers over,” is identical in spelling to ivrim, or Hebrews. Hebrews are those who have “crossed over,” and these now are the “crosser overs.” As such, the typology of Christ is evident. Those who cross over the Jordan, which pictures the coming of Christ – the incarnation – are those who are the true Hebrews.

Israel is simply living out in type that which is more perfectly expressed in the person who comes to God through Christ.

It is your life and your length of days
Hold fast and cling to it, not in part but in whole
It is the guide to lead you always
And is the protector of your very soul

Let this word dwell in you richly always
Let your mouths express it in songs, psalms, and hymns as well
Let it be the path upon which you walk all your days
This word is life. It is your life, so to you I tell

Cling to this Word, the word of God that He gave for us
Let your mouths confess Him; He is your life and length of days
Come to the Word; come to the Lord Jesus
And He shall guide you forever, even for eternal days

II. Because You Did Not Hallow Me (verses 48-52)

48 Then the Lord spoke to Moses that very same day, saying:

The words “that very same day” are from the Hebrew b’etsem ha’yom ha’zeh, “in bone the day the this.” It is an idiomatic expression found several times in Genesis through Leviticus, but this is the only time it is stated in Deuteronomy.

The expression “in bone” means “the same,” coming from Adam’s proclamation when he was presented with his wife –

“This is now bone of my bones
And flesh of my flesh;
She shall be called Woman,
Because she was taken out of Man.” Genesis 2:23

To identify something “in bone” means it is that and none other. As such, this is referring to the fact that Moses spoke out the words of the song, and on that exact same day he was given the instructions that are just ahead. They are a close repeat to the words of Numbers 27 –

“Now the Lord said to Moses: ‘Go up into this Mount Abarim, and see the land which I have given to the children of Israel. 13 And when you have seen it, you also shall be gathered to your people, as Aaron your brother was gathered. 14 For in the Wilderness of Zin, during the strife of the congregation, you rebelled against My command to hallow Me at the waters before their eyes.’ (These are the waters of Meribah, at Kadesh in the Wilderness of Zin.)” Numbers 27:12-14

With that brought to memory, the narrative continues with…

49 “Go up this mountain of the Abarim,

aleh el har ha’avarim hazeh – “Go up into Mount the Abarim the this.” Moses is instructed to go into the mount of the Abarim. The word comes from avar, meaning to pass over, by, or through. The “im” at the end is a plural marker, like our “s.” Thus, it is “The Crossings Over” or “The Regions Beyond.”

They are in the regions beyond Canaan, and Canaan is actually the point of reference. The specific mount is then next stated…

49 (con’t) Mount Nebo,

The name Nebo is most likely derived from navi, or prophet. Thus, it means something like prophet, interpreter, spokesperson, or foreteller. Another word it is connected to is navah, meaning high or prominent. It is to the high places that people would go in order to get “nearer” to God and to receive a word from Him or sacrifice to Him. As such, a secondary meaning is height.

Therefore, it would be a high place where someone would go to receive a word, a vision, a prophecy, and so on. That is actually fitting for the occasion.

49 (con’t) which is in the land of Moab,

The words are spoken to Moses who is in the land. He is not unaware of the fact. As such, the name is a reminder to him that he will not enter Canaan. He is dying in the land known as “From Father,” which is…

49 (con’t) across from Jericho;

al pene Yerekho – “upon face Jericho.” The meaning is “facing Jericho.” When on the mountain, the immediate sight would be the city. The name Yerekho (with various spellings) has a dual significance. It means City of the Moon, and it means Place of Fragrance. It is from this place, the Mount of the Prophet (or the Mount of Height), looking toward the Place of Fragrance, that Moses will…

49 (con’t) view the land of Canaan,

The name Canaan is derived from the word kana, “to humble,” or “to subdue.” That comes from a root signifying “to bend the knee.” Thus, it signifies something like humiliated, or humbled, or even subdued. It is also connected to the word signifying a merchant. It is this land…

49 (con’t) which I give to the children of Israel as a possession;

It is the land of promise, the land of inheritance, and the land that will become the possession of Israel. The original intent was that it was to be their place of rest, but that was only so far as it is typical of the true place of rest which was lost at the fall of man.

Israel is the redeemed nation, and the land in that state of having been redeemed is Canaan. Everything being stated here, and everything which occurs is given in typology. It anticipates the coming of Christ, His work, and what that work then makes available to those who receive it. As for Moses, that is not the case…

50 and die on the mountain which you ascend, and be gathered to your people, just as Aaron your brother died on Mount Hor and was gathered to his people;

The Lord specifically brings in the matter of ascending (alah), being on a mountain, and dying – just as Aaron died on hor ha’har, or “Mount of the Mountain.” A one-to-one comparison to what happened to Aaron is being made concerning Moses’ own death…

51 because you trespassed against Me among the children of Israel

The word “because” gives the sense, but it reads more precisely, saying, al asher mealtem bi b’tok bene Yisrael – “upon which you (pl.) acted treacherously against Me in midst children Israel.”

Using this form, al asher, upon which, He is linking it to their ascent (alah). The two words are connected, the one al coming from the other alah. It thus helps explain why Aaron and now Moses had to ascend at their deaths. Their defiance was…

51 (con’t) at the waters of Meribah Kadesh, in the Wilderness of Zin,

The name Meribah is derived from what occurred.  There was riv, or strife, and so the name of the place was called Merivah, meaning Place of Quarreling. The name Kadesh comes from the verb qadash, meaning to hallow or set apart. Thus, the whole name would signify something like Sacred Place of Quarreling. That is said to be…

51 (con’t) in the Wilderness of Zin,

The wilderness is a place of testing. Zin means “thorn.” But it also is connected to a word signifying a place of dryness. As such, it is where the thorn would flourish. This is where they were to draw water from the rock by speaking to it. But they failed to do so…

51 (con’t) because you did not hallow Me in the midst of the children of Israel.

Again, the Lord repeats the words of the first clause: al asher lo qidashtem oti b’tok bene Yisrael – “upon which no you (pl.) hallowed Me in midst sons Israel.” Putting the corresponding thoughts side by side can help you see what is being conveyed –

“Go up (alah) into mountain.”
“And die on the mountain which you ascend (alah).”
“upon which (al asher) / you acted treacherously against Me / in midst sons Israel.”
“upon which (al asher) / you did not hallow Me / in midst sons Israel.”

The law (Moses and Aaron) is the problem that must be rectified, and it must occur before Israel can enter into the possession. Having said that, a note of grace is extended to Moses in his ascent…

52 Yet you shall see the land before you,

ki mi’neged tireh eth ha’arets – “For from before you shall see the land.” The meaning is clear. Moses will look forward from the ascent and he will front his face to Israel, viewing it from a distance…

*52 (fin) though you shall not go there, into the land which I am giving to the children of Israel.”

The sentence of dying outside of the land of promise was pronounced. It will not be amended. Moses, who represents the law, will see the land from a distance, but he will not enter into what the sons of Israel shall receive.

You shall die outside the inheritance
Because You did not hallow Me
Even when I gave you every chance
You were unable to perform accordingly

There is a disconnect that must be corrected
The law must be first taken away
Because there is a flaw that has been detected
And so, it must be this way

It is by the law that comes the knowledge of sin
And in that knowledge, all become guilty before Me
Through the law, one is completely done in
If you don’t get that, look to the cross and you will see

I the Lord will accomplish all that needs to be done
When I give of Myself in giving My Son

III. Pictures of Christ

As we progressed through the verses, there has been some explanation of what is going on, but to draw it all together, and without trying to stretch the meaning too far, each word of the second section is intended to fit together to form a story.

Moses, he who draws out – meaning the law from the Lord – is to ascend the mountain of the Regions Beyond, the Mount of Height, which is in the land of From Father, across from the Place of Fragrance and there he will view the Land of the Humbled, the place which the children of Israel are set to possess.

Moses anticipates Christ who ultimately draws out the word of the Lord, being the very Word of God. The law must come first in order to anticipate Him. In order for the children of Israel to enter the promise, though, there must be a change in the structure of things.

A promise was already made to Abraham concerning the inheritance. It was based on faith, not on the law. As Paul says, “For if the inheritance is of the law, it is no longer of promise; but God gave it to Abraham by promise” (Galatians 3:18).

This must be resolved then. The law is contrary to the promise. The law is not of faith at all. The two are diametrically opposed. As this is so, Moses is given to anticipate what actually occurred in Christ. It was Christ Jesus who went to the regions beyond, outside of the promise.

He is the Prophet who came from the Father and who embodied the law that came from Him while the in Place of Fragrance, heaven, meaning the Land of the Humbled, remained at a distance. But it is set apart for the children of Israel. Their entrance is emblematic of those who will enter the promise once the law is dealt with.

The Land of the Humbled, Canaan, represents those who have humbled themselves before God in Christ. That is seen in several ways in the New Testament, but a couple of examples will show this –

“For this reason I bow my knees to the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ.” Ephesians 3:14

“But why do you judge your brother? Or why do you show contempt for your brother? For we shall all stand before the judgment seat of Christ. 11 For it is written:
As I live, says the Lord,
Every knee shall bow to Me,
And every tongue shall confess to God.’” Romans 14:10, 11

This is the goal, the hope, of those who come to Christ. But, as I said, before one can enter the Place of Fragrance, heaven, the law must be dealt with first. That is seen in the words concerning Aaron and Moses.

Both of them had to ascend mountains where they would die. Aaron ascended hor ha’ har, or “Mount of the Mountain.” Moses ascended Mount Nebo, or “Mount of Height.” The symbolism seems somewhat obvious. They both have represented the law.

Together they violated the word of the Lord, destroying the typology of salvation by faith in the completed work of Christ. They were told to simply speak to the rock and water would issue forth, as was recorded in Numbers 20.

The rock pictured Christ in his exaltation, and water was to issue forth by the simple word of faith. Instead, they struck the rock as they had at Horeb. But that pictured Christ in His suffering. What they did by striking and not speaking was not of faith at all.

It shows that the law is not of faith. It is a path of working one’s way to God, doing things in an attempt to receive what He instead freely offers. The work of the law was done by Christ Jesus. To instruct us on this more fully, Moses and Aaron, typical of the law, had to ascend under their own strength to the high place, and there they died – outside of the promise.

Their act of disobedience was recorded to highlight Christ’s perfect obedience. He lived out the law and He embodied it. But the law is not of the inheritance, and so Christ had to die in fulfillment of it. Without that, none could enter the promise, just as Israel under Moses could not.

If you can stretch your mind a bit, think of Moses on Mount Nebo and of Christ on the cross. What does Paul say about that moment as He died?

“And you, being dead in your trespasses and the uncircumcision of your flesh, He has made alive together with Him, having forgiven you all trespasses, 14 having wiped out the handwriting of requirements that was against us, which was contrary to us. And He has taken it out of the way, having nailed it to the cross15 Having disarmed principalities and powers, He made a public spectacle of them, triumphing over them in it.” Colossians 2:13-15

Moses looked with longing at the land of promise, stretching his vision out to see what Israel would receive. Christ, the embodiment of the law, looked forward to what we would receive. Until He died, the inheritance remained distant and inaccessible to us, and – indeed – even to Him.

He had to complete what was set before Him. Moses ascended and looked, Jesus ascended and looked. Moses was to die because he failed to provide the word of faith. Jesus died so that He could provide the word of faith, and so that we could receive what that word of faith offers.

The lesson of Moses is one that escapes a large portion of the people of the world. You cannot “do” in order to enter the inheritance. You must receive by speaking the word of faith. Everyone is doing and doing in order to get what has already been done. And because it was done by God in Christ, there can be no more doing.

When Paul said that the law was nailed to the cross, he means exactly that. Jesus Christ, the embodiment of this law, and the one that Moses eventually saw after he realized his own shortcomings, was nailed to the cross.

What was given through Moses was spoken forth by God. Christ is the One that spoke it out. Christ is the One it spoke of. And Christ is the One that completed that spoken word.

He hung on the cross, nailed to it. And He took away that law, meaning His own life, through death. In His death, He not only annulled one covenant, He established another.

If anyone thinks that Israel entered Canaan through law observance, they haven’t read the Bible. The priests bearing the ark stepped, by faith, into the rushing waters of the Jordan, and the waters stopped, allowing them to enter. That was an act of faith in the power of the Lord, and that ark was only a representation of the place where propitiation is made between God and man – the dead body of Jesus Christ.

Everything comes back to the thought of the cross. It is only through that marvelous spot where Jesus died that our heavenly hope is finally realized. The law was the obstacle, Christ removed that obstacle, and then He entered into His glory, making the way possible for us to enter with Him. This is the word of faith which we preach and by which you are saved.

Be sure to accept that word, believe with your heart, and confess with your mouth that God raised Him from the dead. In this, the things of life will go well with you.

Closing Verse: “For it pleased the Father that in Him all the fullness should dwell, 20 and by Him to reconcile all things to Himself, by Him, whether things on earth or things in heaven, having made peace through the blood of His cross.” Colossians 1:19, 20

Next Week: Matthew 27:23 Pilate asks about God’s only begotten Son… (What Evil Has He Done?) (Resurrection Day 2022 sermon)

The Lord has you exactly where He wants you. He has a good plan and purpose for you. But He also has expectations of you as He prepares you for entrance into His Land of Promise. So, follow Him and trust Him and He will do marvelous things for you and through you.

Because You Did Not Hallow Me

So Moses came with Joshua the son of Nun
And spoke all the words of this song
In the hearing of the people
So that forever they would carry it along

Moses finished speaking these words to all Israel
And he said to them: “Set your hearts on all the words
———-which I testify among you today
Which you shall command your children
To be careful to observe—all the words of this law, so to you I say

For it is not a futile thing for you
Because it is your life, so to you I address
And by this word you shall prolong your days
In the land which you cross over the Jordan to possess

Then the LORD spoke to Moses that very same day
Saying: “Go up this mountain of the Abarim, Mount Nebo
Which is in the land of Moab
Across from Jericho

View the land of Canaan
Which I give to the children of Israel as a possession
And die on the mountain which you ascend
And be gathered to your people; it is your final session

Just as Aaron your brother died on Mount Hor
And was gathered to his people, becoming a has been
Because you trespassed against Me among the children of Israel
At the waters of Meribah Kadesh, in the Wilderness of Zin

Because you did not hallow Me, so to you I tell
In the midst of the children of Israel

Yet you shall see the land before you
Though you shall not go there, as to you I tell
Into the land which I am giving
To the children of Israel

Lord God, turn our hearts to be obedient to Your word
Give us wisdom to be ever faithful to You
May we carefully heed each thing we have heard
Yes, Lord God may our hearts be faithful and true

And we shall be content and satisfied in You alone
We will follow You as we sing our songs of praise
Hallelujah to You; to us Your path You have shown
Hallelujah we shall sing to You for all of our days

Hallelujah and Amen…